如何制作一个初始文本为“选择一个”的 Android Spinner？

Question

我想使用一个最初（当用户尚未做出选择时）显示文本“选择一个”的微调器。当用户单击微调器时，将显示项目列表，并且用户选择其中一个选项。用户做出选择后，所选项目将显示在微调器中，而不是“选择一个”。

我有以下代码来创建 Spinner：

String[] items = new String[] {"One", "Two", "Three"};
Spinner spinner = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.mySpinner);
ArrayAdapter<String> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this,
            android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item, items);
adapter.setDropDownViewResource(android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item);
spinner.setAdapter(adapter);

使用此代码，最初会显示项目“One”。我可以只向项目添加一个新项目“选择一个”，但是“选择一个”也会作为第一项显示在下拉列表中，这不是我想要的。

我该如何解决这个问题？

Answer 1

下面是覆盖Spinner视图一个通用的解决方案。它覆盖setAdapter()到初始位置设置为-1，和代理所提供的SpinnerAdapter以显示位置的提示字符串小于0。

此已经关于机器人1.5 4.2通过了测试，但买方小心！由于这种解决方案依赖于反射调用私有AdapterView.setNextSelectedPositionInt()和AdapterView.setSelectedPositionInt()，它不能保证在未来的操作系统的更新工作。这很可能是会，但它绝不是一种保障手段。

通常我不会容忍这样的事情，但这个问题已经被问足够的时间，好像，我想我会后我的解决方案不够合理要求。

/**
 * A modified Spinner that doesn't automatically select the first entry in the list.
 *
 * Shows the prompt if nothing is selected.
 *
 * Limitations: does not display prompt if the entry list is empty.
 */
public class NoDefaultSpinner extends Spinner {

    public NoDefaultSpinner(Context context) {
        super(context);
    }

    public NoDefaultSpinner(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
    }

    public NoDefaultSpinner(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyle);
    }

    @Override
    public void setAdapter(SpinnerAdapter orig ) {
        final SpinnerAdapter adapter = newProxy(orig);

        super.setAdapter(adapter);

        try {
            final Method m = AdapterView.class.getDeclaredMethod(
                               "setNextSelectedPositionInt",int.class);
            m.setAccessible(true);
            m.invoke(this,-1);

            final Method n = AdapterView.class.getDeclaredMethod(
                               "setSelectedPositionInt",int.class);
            n.setAccessible(true);
            n.invoke(this,-1);
        } 
        catch( Exception e ) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    protected SpinnerAdapter newProxy(SpinnerAdapter obj) {
        return (SpinnerAdapter) java.lang.reflect.Proxy.newProxyInstance(
                obj.getClass().getClassLoader(),
                new Class[]{SpinnerAdapter.class},
                new SpinnerAdapterProxy(obj));
    }



    /**
     * Intercepts getView() to display the prompt if position < 0
     */
    protected class SpinnerAdapterProxy implements InvocationHandler {

        protected SpinnerAdapter obj;
        protected Method getView;


        protected SpinnerAdapterProxy(SpinnerAdapter obj) {
            this.obj = obj;
            try {
                this.getView = SpinnerAdapter.class.getMethod(
                                 "getView",int.class,View.class,ViewGroup.class);
            } 
            catch( Exception e ) {
                throw new RuntimeException(e);
            }
        }

        public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method m, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
            try {
                return m.equals(getView) && 
                       (Integer)(args[0])<0 ? 
                         getView((Integer)args[0],(View)args[1],(ViewGroup)args[2]) : 
                         m.invoke(obj, args);
            } 
            catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
                throw e.getTargetException();
            } 
            catch (Exception e) {
                throw new RuntimeException(e);
            }
        }

        protected View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) 
          throws IllegalAccessException {

            if( position<0 ) {
                final TextView v = 
                  (TextView) ((LayoutInflater)getContext().getSystemService(
                    Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE)).inflate(
                      android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item,parent,false);
                v.setText(getPrompt());
                return v;
            }
            return obj.getView(position,convertView,parent);
        }
    }
}

Answer 2

你可以做的是一个呈现装点你SpinnerAdapter“选择选项...”查看最初的微调与选定任何显示。

下面是Android 2.3测试一个工作示例，和4.0（它使用没有在兼容性库，所以它应该是精细的一段时间）由于它是一个装饰，应该很容易改造现有的代码并能正常工作与CursorLoaders也。 （交换光标上当然包裹cursorAdapter ...）

有是一个Android错误，使得严厉这一点重新使用的景色。 （所以，你必须使用setTag或别的东西，以确保您convertView是正确的。）的微调不支持多视图类型

代码的注释：2层的构造

这允许你使用一个标准的提示或定义为第一行自己“什么也没有选择”，或两者，或根本没有。 （注意：某些主题示出了用于微调，而不是一个对话一个下拉的下拉通常不显示提示）

您定义布局“看”等的提示，例如，变灰...

使用标准提示（注意没有被选中）：

或者与提示和东西动态（可有没有提示也）：

<强>在上面的例子中使用

Spinner spinner = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.spinner);
ArrayAdapter<CharSequence> adapter = ArrayAdapter.createFromResource(this, R.array.planets_array, android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item);
adapter.setDropDownViewResource(android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item);
spinner.setPrompt("Select your favorite Planet!");

spinner.setAdapter(
      new NothingSelectedSpinnerAdapter(
            adapter,
            R.layout.contact_spinner_row_nothing_selected,
            // R.layout.contact_spinner_nothing_selected_dropdown, // Optional
            this));

<强> contact_spinner_row_nothing_selected.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<TextView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:id="@android:id/text1"
    style="?android:attr/spinnerItemStyle"
    android:singleLine="true"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:ellipsize="marquee"
    android:textSize="18sp"
    android:textColor="#808080"
    android:text="[Select a Planet...]" />

<强> NothingSelectedSpinnerAdapter.java

import android.content.Context;
import android.database.DataSetObserver;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.ListAdapter;
import android.widget.SpinnerAdapter;

/**
 * Decorator Adapter to allow a Spinner to show a 'Nothing Selected...' initially
 * displayed instead of the first choice in the Adapter.
 */
public class NothingSelectedSpinnerAdapter implements SpinnerAdapter, ListAdapter {

    protected static final int EXTRA = 1;
    protected SpinnerAdapter adapter;
    protected Context context;
    protected int nothingSelectedLayout;
    protected int nothingSelectedDropdownLayout;
    protected LayoutInflater layoutInflater;

    /**
     * Use this constructor to have NO 'Select One...' item, instead use
     * the standard prompt or nothing at all.
     * @param spinnerAdapter wrapped Adapter.
     * @param nothingSelectedLayout layout for nothing selected, perhaps
     * you want text grayed out like a prompt...
     * @param context
     */
    public NothingSelectedSpinnerAdapter(
      SpinnerAdapter spinnerAdapter,
      int nothingSelectedLayout, Context context) {

        this(spinnerAdapter, nothingSelectedLayout, -1, context);
    }

    /**
     * Use this constructor to Define your 'Select One...' layout as the first
     * row in the returned choices.
     * If you do this, you probably don't want a prompt on your spinner or it'll
     * have two 'Select' rows.
     * @param spinnerAdapter wrapped Adapter. Should probably return false for isEnabled(0)
     * @param nothingSelectedLayout layout for nothing selected, perhaps you want
     * text grayed out like a prompt...
     * @param nothingSelectedDropdownLayout layout for your 'Select an Item...' in
     * the dropdown.
     * @param context
     */
    public NothingSelectedSpinnerAdapter(SpinnerAdapter spinnerAdapter,
            int nothingSelectedLayout, int nothingSelectedDropdownLayout, Context context) {
        this.adapter = spinnerAdapter;
        this.context = context;
        this.nothingSelectedLayout = nothingSelectedLayout;
        this.nothingSelectedDropdownLayout = nothingSelectedDropdownLayout;
        layoutInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
    }

    @Override
    public final View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
        // This provides the View for the Selected Item in the Spinner, not
        // the dropdown (unless dropdownView is not set).
        if (position == 0) {
            return getNothingSelectedView(parent);
        }
        return adapter.getView(position - EXTRA, null, parent); // Could re-use
                                                 // the convertView if possible.
    }

    /**
     * View to show in Spinner with Nothing Selected
     * Override this to do something dynamic... e.g. "37 Options Found"
     * @param parent
     * @return
     */
    protected View getNothingSelectedView(ViewGroup parent) {
        return layoutInflater.inflate(nothingSelectedLayout, parent, false);
    }

    @Override
    public View getDropDownView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
        // Android BUG! http://code.google.com/p/android/issues/detail?id=17128 -
        // Spinner does not support multiple view types
        if (position == 0) {
            return nothingSelectedDropdownLayout == -1 ?
              new View(context) :
              getNothingSelectedDropdownView(parent);
        }

        // Could re-use the convertView if possible, use setTag...
        return adapter.getDropDownView(position - EXTRA, null, parent);
    }

    /**
     * Override this to do something dynamic... For example, "Pick your favorite
     * of these 37".
     * @param parent
     * @return
     */
    protected View getNothingSelectedDropdownView(ViewGroup parent) {
        return layoutInflater.inflate(nothingSelectedDropdownLayout, parent, false);
    }

    @Override
    public int getCount() {
        int count = adapter.getCount();
        return count == 0 ? 0 : count + EXTRA;
    }

    @Override
    public Object getItem(int position) {
        return position == 0 ? null : adapter.getItem(position - EXTRA);
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemViewType(int position) {
        return 0;
    }

    @Override
    public int getViewTypeCount() {
        return 1;
    }

    @Override
    public long getItemId(int position) {
        return position >= EXTRA ? adapter.getItemId(position - EXTRA) : position - EXTRA;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean hasStableIds() {
        return adapter.hasStableIds();
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isEmpty() {
        return adapter.isEmpty();
    }

    @Override
    public void registerDataSetObserver(DataSetObserver observer) {
        adapter.registerDataSetObserver(observer);
    }

    @Override
    public void unregisterDataSetObserver(DataSetObserver observer) {
        adapter.unregisterDataSetObserver(observer);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean areAllItemsEnabled() {
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isEnabled(int position) {
        return position != 0; // Don't allow the 'nothing selected'
                                             // item to be picked.
    }

}

Answer 3

我最终使用一个Button代替。虽然Button不是Spinner，行为是容易定制。

首先创建适配器照例：

String[] items = new String[] {"One", "Two", "Three"};
ArrayAdapter<String> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this,
        android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item, items);

请注意，我现在用的是simple_spinner_dropdown_item作为布局ID。这将有助于创造的警告对话框中，当创建一个更好看。

在onclick处理我的按钮我有：

public void onClick(View w) {
  new AlertDialog.Builder(this)
  .setTitle("the prompt")
  .setAdapter(adapter, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

    @Override
    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {

      // TODO: user specific action

      dialog.dismiss();
    }
  }).create().show();
}

这就是它！

Answer 4

我知道这个问题有很多答案，但我发现这样做的最简单和最简单的方法。

<强> 该溶液是无关的API级的，它将所有的API级的作品

思想是设置旋转器作为默认one..ie的最后一个项目

spinner.setSelection(lastIndex);//index starts from 0.so if spinner has 5 item the lastIndex is 4

在过去的指标项目应该是你喜欢“选择国家”

微调的标题

和在填充离心器由one.i.e减少项目的计 //计数从1开始的总项。

@Override
public int getCount() {
   // don't display last item. It is used as hint.
   int count = super.getCount();
   return count > 0 ? count - 1 : count;
}

所以，你的代码流会是这样

List<String> objects = new ArrayList<String>();
objects.add("India");
objects.add("Pakistan");
objects.add("China");
// add hint as last item
objects.add("Select Country");

HintAdapter adapter = new HintAdapter(context, objects, android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item);
adapter.setDropDownViewResource(android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item);

Spinner spinnerFilmType = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.spinner);
spinner.setAdapter(adapter);

// show hint
spinner.setSelection(adapter.getCount());

HintAdapter.java

public class HintAdapter extends ArrayAdapter<Objects> {

    public HintAdapter(Context theContext, List<Object> objects, int theLayoutResId) {
        super(theContext, theLayoutResId, objects);
    }

    @Override
    public int getCount() {
        // don't display last item. It is used as hint.
        int count = super.getCount();
        return count > 0 ? count - 1 : count;
    }
}

微调名称

微调档案

Answer 5

首先，你可能会感兴趣的prompt类的Spinner属性。见下面的图片，“选择一个行星”是可以与android:prompt=""的XML设置的提示。

我要建议子类Spinner，在那里你可以保持内部两个适配器。一个适配器具有“选择一项”选项，而其他的真正的适配器（实际选项），然后使用OnClickListener切换选择对话框之前，适配器显示。然而，试图实现这个想法后，我来找你不能接收OnClick事件窗口小部件本身的结论。

您可以换一个不同的看法微调，拦截视图上的点击，然后告诉你CustomSpinner切换适配器，但似乎是一个可怕的黑客。

你真的需要显示“选择一个”？

Answer 6

此代码已被测试并适用于Android 4.4

Spinner spinner = (Spinner) activity.findViewById(R.id.spinner);
ArrayAdapter<String> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(activity, android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item) {

            @Override
            public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {

                View v = super.getView(position, convertView, parent);
                if (position == getCount()) {
                    ((TextView)v.findViewById(android.R.id.text1)).setText("");
                    ((TextView)v.findViewById(android.R.id.text1)).setHint(getItem(getCount())); //"Hint to be displayed"
                }

                return v;
            }       

            @Override
            public int getCount() {
                return super.getCount()-1; // you dont display last item. It is used as hint.
            }

        };

        adapter.setDropDownViewResource(android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item);
        adapter.add("Daily");
        adapter.add("Two Days");
        adapter.add("Weekly");
        adapter.add("Monthly");
        adapter.add("Three Months");
        adapter.add("HINT_TEXT_HERE"); //This is the text that will be displayed as hint.


        spinner.setAdapter(adapter);
        spinner.setSelection(adapter.getCount()); //set the hint the default selection so it appears on launch.
        spinner.setOnItemSelectedListener(this);

Answer 7

我发现此解决方案：

String[] items = new String[] {"Select One", "Two", "Three"};
Spinner spinner = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.mySpinner);
ArrayAdapter<String> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this,
            android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item, items);
adapter.setDropDownViewResource(android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item);
spinner.setAdapter(adapter);

spinner.setOnItemSelectedListener(new OnItemSelectedListener() {
    @Override
    public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> arg0, View arg1, int position, long id) {
        items[0] = "One";
        selectedItem = items[position];
    }

    @Override
    public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> arg0) {
    }
});

只要改变阵列[0]与在onItemSelected“选择一项”，然后，将其重命名为“一”。

不是一个优雅的解决方案，但它的工作原理：d

Answer 8

没有缺省API来设置提示上微调。要添加它，我们需要一个小的解决办法有，并非安全性反射实施

List<Object> objects = new ArrayList<Object>();
objects.add(firstItem);
objects.add(secondItem);
// add hint as last item
objects.add(hint);

HintAdapter adapter = new HintAdapter(context, objects, android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item);
adapter.setDropDownViewResource(android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item);

Spinner spinnerFilmType = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.spinner);
spinner.setAdapter(adapter);

// show hint
spinner.setSelection(adapter.getCount());

适配器源：

public class HintAdapter
        extends ArrayAdapter<Objects> {

    public HintAdapter(Context theContext, List<Object> objects) {
        super(theContext, android.R.id.text1, android.R.id.text1, objects);
    }

    public HintAdapter(Context theContext, List<Object> objects, int theLayoutResId) {
        super(theContext, theLayoutResId, android.R.id.text1, objects);
    }

    @Override
    public int getCount() {
        // don't display last item. It is used as hint.
        int count = super.getCount();
        return count > 0 ? count - 1 : count;
    }
}

原始来源

Answer 9

很多答案在这里，但我很惊讶，没有一个人提出了一个简单的解决方案：将在微调的顶部一个TextView。设置在其上隐藏的TextView示出了微调TextView的一个点击监听，并调用spinner.performClick（）。

Answer 10

我得到微调的同样的问题，用一个空的选择，以及我发现了一个更好的解决方案。看看这个简单的代码。

Spinner lCreditOrDebit = (Spinner)lCardPayView.findViewById(R.id.CARD_TYPE);
spinneradapter lAdapter = 
  new spinneradapter(
    BillPayScreen.this, 
    ndroid.R.layout.simple_spinner_item,getResources().getStringArray(R.array.creditordebit));
lAdapter.setDropDownViewResource(android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item);
lCreditOrDebit.setAdapter(lAdapter);

下面spinneradapter为arrayadapter小定制。它看起来像这样：

import android.content.Context;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.ImageView;

public class spinneradapter extends ArrayAdapter<String>{
    private Context m_cContext;
    public spinneradapter(Context context,int textViewResourceId, String[] objects) {
        super(context, textViewResourceId, objects);
        this.m_cContext = context;
    }

    boolean firsttime = true;
    @Override
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
        if(firsttime){
            firsttime = false;
            //Just return some empty view
            return new ImageView(m_cContext);
        }
        //Let the array adapter take care of it this time.
        return super.getView(position, convertView, parent);
    }
}

Answer 11

您可以将其更改为文本查看和使用这样的：

android:style="@android:style/Widget.DeviceDefault.Light.Spinner"

和然后定义android:text属性。

Answer 12

XML文件：

<Spinner android:id="@+id/locationSpinner"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:prompt="@string/select_location" />

的活动：

private Spinner featuresSelection;
private ArrayAdapter<CharSequence> featuresAdapter;
private List<CharSequence> featuresList;

的onCreate：

featuresList = new ArrayList<CharSequence>();
featuresAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<CharSequence>(this,
  android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item, featuresList);
featuresAdapter.setDropDownViewResource(
  android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item);
featuresSelection = ((Spinner) yourActivity.this
  .findViewById(R.id.locationSpinner));
featuresSelection.setAdapter(featuresAdapter);
featuresSelection.setOnItemSelectedListener(
  new MyOnItemSelectedListener());

一些功能（添加的东西到适配器编程）>

featuresAdapter.add("some string");

现在你有一个空的微调，你可以写代码，如果空不打开对话框。或者，他们可以按回。但你也有一个功能或在运行时另一个列表填充它。

Answer 13

我试图像下面这样。以一个按钮，给click事件给它。通过改变按钮的背景，这似乎是一个旋转器。

声明为全局变量alertdialog和默认值..

AlertDialog d;
static int default_value = 0;
final Button btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);
btn .setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

@Override
public void onClick(View v)
{
    //c.show();
    final CharSequence str[] = {"Android","Black Berry","Iphone"};
        AlertDialog.Builder builder =
          new AlertDialog.Builder(TestGalleryActivity.this).setSingleChoiceItems(
            str, default_value,new  DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int position)
            {
                Toast.makeText(TestGalleryActivity.this,
                               "" + position,
                               Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                default_value = position;
                btn.setText(str[position]);
                if(d.isShowing())
                    d.dismiss();
            }
        }).setTitle("Select Any");
        d = builder.create();
        d.show();
    }
});

Answer 14

这是我的方式：

List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
list.add("string1");
list.add("string2");
list.add("string3");
list.add("[Select one]");
final int listsize = list.size() - 1;
ArrayAdapter<String> dataAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this,android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item, list) {
 @Override
public int getCount() {
    return(listsize); // Truncate the list
}
};
dataAdapter.setDropDownViewResource(android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item);
mySpinner.setAdapter(dataAdapter);

mySpinner.setSelection(listsize); // Hidden item to appear in the spinner

Answer 15

查看 iosched 应用程序，了解将元素添加到列表顶部的通用解决方案。特别是，如果您使用的是 CursorAdapter，请查看 TracksAdapter.java 它扩展了该定义以提供“setHasAllItem”方法和关联代码来管理列表计数以处理顶部的额外项目。

使用自定义适配器，您可以将文本设置为“选择一个”或您希望顶部项目显示的任何其他内容。

Answer 16

我在我的main.xml旋转器和其ID是@+id/spinner1

这是我在我的OnCreate函数写：

spinner1 = (Spinner)this.findViewById(R.id.spinner1);
final String[] groupes = new String[] {"A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G", "H"};
ArrayAdapter<CharSequence> featuresAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<CharSequence>(this, android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item, new ArrayList<CharSequence>());
featuresAdapter.setDropDownViewResource(android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item);
spinner1.setAdapter(featuresAdapter);
for (String s : groupes) featuresAdapter.add(s);

spinner1.setOnItemSelectedListener(new OnItemSelectedListener() {
     public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> arg0, View arg1, int position, long id) {
         // Here go your instructions when the user chose something
         Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), groupes[position], 0).show();
     }
     public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> arg0) { }
});

它并不需要在类中的任何实施方式。

Answer 17

我发现这么多好的解决方案。大多数是通过将一个项目适配器一端的工作，也不要在下拉列表中显示的最后一个项目。 对我来说，最大的问题是微调下拉列表将从列表的底部开始。所以使用者看到最后项而不是第一项（在箱子有许多项目显示），触摸之后微调首次

所以我把提示项目到列表的开头。并隐藏在下拉列表中的第一项。

private void loadSpinner(){

    HintArrayAdapter hintAdapter = new HintArrayAdapter<String>(context, 0);

    hintAdapter.add("Hint to be displayed");
    hintAdapter.add("Item 1");
    hintAdapter.add("Item 2");
            .
            .
    hintAdapter.add("Item 30");

    spinner1.setAdapter(hintAdapter);

    //spinner1.setSelection(0); //display hint. Actually you can ignore it, because the default is already 0
    //spinner1.setSelection(0, false); //use this if don't want to onItemClick called for the hint

    spinner1.setOnItemSelectedListener(yourListener);
}

private class HintArrayAdapter<T> extends ArrayAdapter<T> {

    Context mContext;

    public HintArrayAdapter(Context context, int resource) {
        super(context, resource);
        this.mContext = context
    }

    @Override 
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {

        LayoutInflater inflater = (LayoutInflater) mContext.getSystemService(Activity.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
        View view = inflater.inflate(android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item, parent, false);
        TextView texview = (TextView) view.findViewById(android.R.id.text1);

        if(position == 0) {
            texview.setText("");
            texview.setHint(getItem(position).toString()); //"Hint to be displayed"
        } else {
            texview.setText(getItem(position).toString());
        }

        return view;
    }

    @Override
    public View getDropDownView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {

        LayoutInflater inflater = (LayoutInflater) mContext.getSystemService(Activity.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
        View view;

        if(position == 0){
            view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.spinner_hint_list_item_layout, parent, false); // Hide first row
        } else {
            view = inflater.inflate(android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item, parent, false);
            TextView texview = (TextView) view.findViewById(android.R.id.text1);
            texview.setText(getItem(position).toString());
        } 

        return view;
    }
}

在@Override getDropDownView（设置下面布局）时位置为0，以隐藏所述第一提示行。

R.layout.spinner_hint_list_item_layout：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content" >

</LinearLayout>

Answer 18

我觉得最简单的方法是在索引0创建一个虚拟物品说：“选择一个”，然后对储蓄也许检查选择不为0。

Answer 19

因此，这是我的最后一个例子“全”为一个按钮微调

在的 activity_my_form.xml

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnSpinnerPlanets"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:gravity="left|center_vertical"
        android:singleLine="true"
        android:text="@string/selectAPlanet"
        android:textSize="10sp"
        android:background="@android:drawable/btn_dropdown">
    </Button>

在的的strings.xml

<string name="selectAPlanet">Select planet&#8230;</string>

<string-array name="planets__entries">
    <item>The Sun with a name very long so long long long long longThe Sun with a name very long so long long long long longThe Sun with a name very long so long long long long long</item>
    <item>Mercury</item>
    <item>Venus</item>
    <item>Earth</item>
    <item>Mars</item>
    <item>Jupiter</item>
    <item>Saturn</item>
    <item>Uranus</item>
    <item>Neptune</item>
</string-array>

在的 MyFormActivity.java

public class MyFormActivity extends Activity {
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        ((Button) findViewById(R.id.btnSpinnerPlanets)).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                final String[] items = view.getResources().getStringArray(R.array.planets__entries);
                ArrayAdapter<String> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(MyFormActivity.this, android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item, items);
                new AlertDialog.Builder(MyFormActivity.this).setTitle("the prompt").setAdapter(adapter, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                        ((Button) findViewById(R.id.btnSpinnerPlanets)).setText(items[which]);
                        dialog.dismiss();
                    }
                }).create().show();
            }
        });     

    }

}   

最后，我获得的字体大小可配置无第一项可选择按钮喷丝!!! 由于HRJ

Answer 20

此外，有一个简单的窍门来显示默认：

您可以在列表中添加一个默认值，然后使用list.addAll(yourCollection);添加所有集合

这里样品可行代码：

List<FuelName> fuelList = new ArrayList<FuelName>();
                    fuelList.add(new FuelName(0,"Select One"));
                    fuelList.addAll(response.body());
                    ArrayAdapter adapter = new ArrayAdapter<>(getActivity(), android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item, fuelList);
                    //fuelName.setPrompt("Select Fuel");
                    fuelName.setAdapter(adapter);

希望它恢复的复杂性。编码快乐！

Answer 21

当延伸SpinnerAdapter，重写2 View生产方法，getView(int, View, ViewGroup)和getDropDownView(int, View, ViewGroup)。第一个提供插入View本身Spinner;第二供应在下拉列表中View（顾名思义）。可以重写getView(...)使得直到项已被选择，则显示包含提示的TextView;然后，当检测的项目被选择时，你改变它，以显示对应于该一个TextView。

public class PromptingAdapter extends SpinnerAdapter {

    //... various code ...

    private boolean selectionmade = false;

    //call this method from the OnItemSelectedListener for your Spinner
    public setSelectionState(boolean b) {
        selectionmade = b;
    }

    @Override
    public View getView(int position, View recycle, ViewGroup container) {
        if(selectionmade) {
            //your existing code to supply a View for the Spinner
            //you could even put "return getDropDownView(position, recycle, container);"
        }
        else {
            View output;
            if(recycle instanceof TextView) {
                 output = recycle;
            }
            else {
                 output = new TextView();
                 //and layout stuff
            }
            output.setText(R.string.please_select_one);
            //put a string "please_select_one" in res/values/strings.xml
            return output;
        }
    }

//...
}

Answer 22

有关使用Xamarin那些，这里是C＃等效于上面aaronvargas的答案。

using Android.Content;
using Android.Database;
using Android.Views;
using Android.Widget;
using Java.Lang;

namespace MyNamespace.Droid
{ 
  public class NothingSelectedSpinnerAdapter : BaseAdapter, ISpinnerAdapter, IListAdapter
  {
    protected static readonly int EXTRA = 1;
    protected ISpinnerAdapter adapter;
    protected Context context;
    protected int nothingSelectedLayout;
    protected int nothingSelectedDropdownLayout;
    protected LayoutInflater layoutInflater;

    public NothingSelectedSpinnerAdapter(ISpinnerAdapter spinnerAdapter, int nothingSelectedLayout, Context context) : this(spinnerAdapter, nothingSelectedLayout, -1, context)
    {
    }

    public NothingSelectedSpinnerAdapter(ISpinnerAdapter spinnerAdapter, int nothingSelectedLayout, int nothingSelectedDropdownLayout, Context context)
    {
      this.adapter = spinnerAdapter;
      this.context = context;
      this.nothingSelectedLayout = nothingSelectedLayout;
      this.nothingSelectedDropdownLayout = nothingSelectedDropdownLayout;
      layoutInflater = LayoutInflater.From(context);
    }

    protected View GetNothingSelectedView(ViewGroup parent)
    {
      return layoutInflater.Inflate(nothingSelectedLayout, parent, false);
    }

    protected View GetNothingSelectedDropdownView(ViewGroup parent)
    {
      return layoutInflater.Inflate(nothingSelectedDropdownLayout, parent, false);
    }

    public override Object GetItem(int position)
    {
      return position == 0 ? null : adapter.GetItem(position - EXTRA);
    }

    public override long GetItemId(int position)
    {
      return position >= EXTRA ? adapter.GetItemId(position - EXTRA) : position - EXTRA;
    }

    public override View GetView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent)
    {
      // This provides the View for the Selected Item in the Spinner, not
      // the dropdown (unless dropdownView is not set).
      if (position == 0)
      {
        return GetNothingSelectedView(parent);
      }

      // Could re-use the convertView if possible.
      return this.adapter.GetView(position - EXTRA, null, parent);
    }

    public override int Count
    {
      get
      {
        int count = this.adapter.Count;
        return count == 0 ? 0 : count + EXTRA;
      }
    }

    public override View GetDropDownView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent)
    {
      // Android BUG! http://code.google.com/p/android/issues/detail?id=17128 -
      // Spinner does not support multiple view types
      if (position == 0)
      {
        return nothingSelectedDropdownLayout == -1 ?
          new View(context) :
          GetNothingSelectedDropdownView(parent);
      }

      // Could re-use the convertView if possible, use setTag...
      return adapter.GetDropDownView(position - EXTRA, null, parent);
    }

    public override int GetItemViewType(int position)
    {
      return 0;
    }

    public override int ViewTypeCount => 1;

    public override bool HasStableIds => this.adapter.HasStableIds;

    public override bool IsEmpty => this.adapter.IsEmpty;

    public override void RegisterDataSetObserver(DataSetObserver observer)
    {
      adapter.RegisterDataSetObserver(observer);
    }

    public override void UnregisterDataSetObserver(DataSetObserver observer)
    {
      adapter.UnregisterDataSetObserver(observer);
    }

    public override bool AreAllItemsEnabled()
    {
      return false;
    }

    public override bool IsEnabled(int position)
    {
      return position > 0;
    }
  }
}

Answer 23

我还通过使用以下代码来解决这个问题。假设你正在例如，具有项目列表

ArrayList<Item> itemsArrayList = new ArrayList<Item>();
Item item1 = new Item();
item1.setId(1);
item1.setData("First Element");
Item item2 = new Item();
item2.setId(2);
Item2.setData("Second Element");
itemsArrayList.add(item1);
itemsArrayList.add(item2);

现在我们必须提供的字符串微调器，因为微调无法理解的对象。因此，我们将创建一个字符串项这样的一个新的数组列表 - >

ArrayList<String> itemStringArrayList = new ArrayList<String>();
for(Item item : itemsArrayList) {
    itemStringArrayList.add(item.getData());
}

现在我们有两个字符串的项目itemStringArrayList数组列表。我们必须要显示“选择项”文本作为第一个项目。所以我们要插入一个新的字符串到itemStringArrayList。

itemStringArrayList.add("Select Item");

现在我们有一个数组列表itemsArrayList，我们要显示在下拉两个元素。但这里的条件是......如果我们不选择任何内容，然后Select Item应显示为，将不会启用第一个元素。

因此，我们可以实现这样的这一功能。如果您需要数组列表项加载到Android的微调。所以，你将不得不使用一些适配器。所以在这里我将使用ArrayAdapter。我们可以使用自定义适配器了。

ArrayAdapter<String> itemsArrayAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(getApplicationContext(), R.layout.spinner_item, itemsArrayList){
        @Override
        public boolean isEnabled(int position) {
            if(position == 0)
            {
                return false;
            }
            else
            {
                return true;
            }
        }

        @Override
        public View getDropDownView(int position, View convertView,
                                    ViewGroup parent) {
            View view = super.getDropDownView(position, convertView, parent);
            TextView tv = (TextView) view;
            if(position == 0){
                // Set the hint text color gray
                tv.setTextColor(Color.GRAY);
            }
            else {
                tv.setTextColor(Color.BLACK);
            }
            return view;
        }
    };

itemsArrayAdapter.setDropDownViewResource(R.layout.spinner_item);
your_spinner_name.setAdapter(itemsArrayAdapter);

在这里，在该代码。我们使用的是定制的微调布局，即R.layout.spinner_item。这是一个简单的文本视图

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<TextView
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:padding="10dp"
    android:textStyle="italic"
    android:fontFamily="sans-serif-medium"
    />

我们需要禁用微调的第一个文本。所以对于位置0，我们禁用的文本。而且颜色也可以通过overiding getDropDownView方法设置。所以这样我们就会得到预期的微调。

Answer 24

我只是用用单选按钮RadioGroup中，如果你只有三个选择，你可以让他们所有选中的第一位。

Answer 25

先前提交的答案都不果然奏效，我想解决这个问题的方式。对我来说，理想的解决方案将提供“选择一个”（或任何初始文本）时，首先显示的微调。当用户点击旋转器，初始文本不应下显示液滴的一部分。

要我的特定情况进一步复杂化，我的微调数据被未来形式，其经由LoaderManager回调加载的光标。

在相当大的实验我想出了以下解决方案：

public class MyFragment extends Fragment implements
LoaderManager.LoaderCallbacks<Cursor>{

private static final String SPINNER_INIT_VALUE = "Select A Widget";
private Spinner mSpinner;
private int mSpinnerPosition;
private boolean mSpinnerDropDownShowing = false;
private View mSpinnerDropDown;

private MyCursorAdapter mCursorAdapter;

...

@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState){
...

mCursorAdapter = new MyCursorAdapter(getActivity());

mSpinner = (Spinner) rootView.findViewById(R.id.theSpinner);
mSpinner.setOnTouchListener(mSpinnerTouchListener);
mSpinner.setAdapter(mCursorAdapter);

...
}

//Capture the touch events to toggle the spinner's dropdown visibility
private OnTouchListener mSpinnerTouchListener = new View.OnTouchListener() {
    @Override
    public boolean onTouch(View view, MotionEvent motionEvent) {
        if(mSpinnerDropDown != null && mSpinnerDropDownShowing == false){
            mSpinnerDropDownShowing = true;
            mSpinnerDropDown.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
        }
        return false;
    }
};

//Capture the click event on the spinner drop down items
protected OnClickListener spinnerItemClick = new OnClickListener(){

    @Override
    public void onClick(View view) {
        String widget = ((TextView) view.findViewById(android.R.id.text1)).getText().toString();

        if(!widget.equals(SPINNER_INIT_VALUE)){
            if(mCursorAdapter != null){
                Cursor cursor = mCursorAdapter.getCursor();
                if(cursor.moveToFirst()){
                    while(!cursor.isAfterLast()){
                        if(widget.equals(cursor.getString(WidgetQuery.WIDGET_NAME))){

                            ...

                            //Set the spinner to the correct item
                            mSpinnerPosition = cursor.getPosition() + 1;
                            mSpinner.setSelection(mSpinnerPosition);
                            break;
                        }
                        cursor.moveToNext();
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        //Hide the drop down. Not the most elegent solution but it is the only way I could hide/dismiss the drop down
        mSpinnerDropDown = view.getRootView();
        mSpinnerDropDownShowing = false;
        mSpinnerDropDown.setVisibility(View.GONE);
    }
};

private class MyCursorAdapter extends CursorAdapter {

    private final int DISPLACEMENT = 1;
    private final int DEFAULT_ITEM_ID = Integer.MAX_VALUE;

    private Activity mActivity;

    public MyCursorAdapter(Activity activity) {
            super(activity, null, false);
            mActivity = activity;
    }

    //When loading the regular views, inject the defualt item
    @Override
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
        if(position == 0){
            if(convertView == null){
                convertView = mActivity.getLayoutInflater().inflate(R.layout.list_item_widget, parent, false);
            }
            return getDefaultItem(convertView);
        }
        return super.getView(position - DISPLACEMENT, convertView, parent);
    }

    //When loading the drop down views, set the onClickListener for each view
    @Override
    public View getDropDownView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent){
        View view = super.getDropDownView(position, convertView, parent);
        view.setOnClickListener(spinnerItemClick);
        return view;
    }

    //The special default item that is being injected
    private View getDefaultItem(View convertView){
        TextView text = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(android.R.id.text1);
        text.setText(SPINNER_INIT_VALUE);
        return convertView;
    }

    @Override
    public long getItemId(int position) {
        if (position == 0) {
            return DEFAULT_ITEM_ID;
        }
        return super.getItemId(position - DISPLACEMENT);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isEnabled(int position) {
        return position == 0 ? true : super.isEnabled(position - DISPLACEMENT);
    }

    @Override
    public int getViewTypeCount() {
        return super.getViewTypeCount() + DISPLACEMENT;
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemViewType(int position) {
        if (position == 0) {
            return super.getViewTypeCount();
        }

        return super.getItemViewType(position - DISPLACEMENT);
    }

    @Override
    public View newView(Context context, Cursor cursor, ViewGroup parent) {
        return mActivity.getLayoutInflater().inflate(R.layout.list_item_widget, parent, false);
    }

    @Override
    public void bindView(View view, Context context, Cursor cursor){

        if(cursor.isAfterLast()){
            return;
        }

        TextView text = (TextView) view.findViewById(android.R.id.text1);
        String WidgetName = cursor.getString(WidgetQuery.WIDGET_NAME);
        text.setText(WidgetName);
    }
}
}

Answer 26

我通过使用按钮，而不是微调处理这个问题。 我有示例项目向上GitHub上。

在项目中，我同时显示的微调和按钮来表明他们确实看起来完全相同。除按钮，你可以设置任何你想要的初始文本。

这里的活动是什么样子：

package com.stevebergamini.spinnerbutton;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Spinner;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    Spinner spinner1;
    Button button1;
    AlertDialog ad;
    String[] countries;

    int selected = -1;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        spinner1 = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.spinner1);
        button1 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);

        countries = getResources().getStringArray(R.array.country_names);

        //  You can also use an adapter for the allert dialog if you'd like
        //  ArrayAdapter<String> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item, countries);        

        ad = new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this).setSingleChoiceItems(countries, selected,  
                new  DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

                        @Override
                        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                            button1.setText(countries[which]);
                            selected = which;
                            ad.dismiss();

                        }}).setTitle(R.string.select_country).create(); 


        button1.setOnClickListener( new OnClickListener(){

            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                ad.getListView().setSelection(selected);
                ad.show();              
            }});

    }

}

注意：是，我知道这是依赖于应用的主题和它的外表将是如果使用Theme.Holo略有不同。但是，如果您正在使用传统的主题，如Theme.Black之一，你是好去。

Answer 27

如果你正面临这个问题的当你的项目是从数据库光标填充

这在我发现最简单的解决这个，以便回答：

在你的光标适配器查询使用UNION 并与ID添加额外的项目= -1查询结果，而没有真正将其添加到数据库：

是这样的：

  

db.rawQuery（“选择iWorkerId如_id，nvLastName姓名FROM工人   瓦特UNION SELECT -1作为_id '' 姓名”，NULL）;

如果选择的项目是-1，那么它的默认值。除此以外  它是从表中的记录。

Answer 28

似乎是一个陈腐解决方案，但我通常把只是一个TextView在所说的纺丝器的前部。整个XML看起来是这样的。 （嘿，伙计们，不要拍我，我知道一些你不喜欢这样的婚姻）：

<FrameLayout
    android:id="@+id/selectTypesLinear"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="horizontal" >

    <Spinner
        android:id="@+id/spinnerExercises"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:entries="@array/exercise_spinner_entries"
        android:prompt="@string/exercise_spinner_prompt"
     />                         
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/spinnerSelectText"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:text="Hey! Select this guy!"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:background="#FF000000" />


</FrameLayout>

然后，我隐藏的TextView当被选择的项目。显然TextView的背景颜色应该是一样的微调。适用于Android 4.0。不知道在旧版本。

是。因为微调之初调用setOnItemSelectedListener，TextView的的藏身可能是一个有点棘手，但可以做这种方式：

    Boolean controlTouched;

    exerciseSpinner.setOnTouchListener(new OnTouchListener() {


        @Override
        public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
            controlTouched = true; // I touched it but but not yet selected an Item.
            return false;
        }

    });
    exerciseSpinner.setOnItemSelectedListener(new OnItemSelectedListener() {

        @Override
        public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> arg0, View arg1,
                int arg2, long arg3) {
            if (controlTouched) { // Are you sure that I touched it with my fingers and not someone else  ?
                spinnerSelText.setVisibility(View.GONE);
            }
        }

        @Override
        public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> arg0) {
        }

    });

Answer 29

对于我来说，它的工作是这样的。具有仅改变某些选项的文本，而不是在所有的改进。

首先，我采取微调的名称，并创建一个自定义视图一个ArrayAdapter，但没关系，现在的关键是覆盖getView和内改变u需要改变的值。在我的情况是只有第一个，其余的我离开原来的

public void rellenarSpinnerCompeticiones(){
        spinnerArrayCompeticiones = new ArrayList<String>();
        for(Competicion c: ((Controlador)getApplication()).getCompeticiones()){
            spinnerArrayCompeticiones.add(c.getNombre());
        }
        //ArrayAdapter<String> spinnerArrayAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this,R.layout.spinner_item_competicion,spinnerArrayCompeticiones);
        ArrayAdapter<String> spinnerArrayAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, R.layout.spinner_item_competicion, spinnerArrayCompeticiones){
            @Override
            public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
                LayoutInflater vi = (LayoutInflater)getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
                final View v = vi.inflate(R.layout.spinner_item_competicion, null);
                final TextView t = (TextView)v.findViewById(R.id.tvCompeticion);
                if(spinnerCompeticion.getSelectedItemPosition()>0){
                    t.setText(spinnerArrayCompeticiones.get(spinnerCompeticion.getSelectedItemPosition()));
                }else{
                    t.setText("Competiciones");
                }
                return v;
            }
        };
        spinnerArrayAdapter.setDropDownViewResource(android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item);
        spinnerCompeticion.setAdapter(spinnerArrayAdapter);
    }

Answer 30

这里是一个简单的一个

    private boolean isFirst = true;
private void setAdapter() {
    final ArrayList<String> spinnerArray = new ArrayList<String>();     
    spinnerArray.add("Select your option");
    spinnerArray.add("Option 1");
    spinnerArray.add("Option 2");
    spin.setOnItemSelectedListener(new AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener() {
        @Override
        public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> parentView, View selectedItemView, int position, long id) {
            TextView tv = (TextView)selectedItemView;
            String res = tv.getText().toString().trim();
            if (res.equals("Option 1")) {
            //do Something
        } else if (res.equals("Option 2")) {
            //do Something else
        }
        }

        @Override
        public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> parentView) { }

    });

    ArrayAdapter<String> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, R.layout.my_spinner_style,spinnerArray) {
         public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
             View v = super.getView(position, convertView, parent);
             int height = (int) TypedValue.applyDimension(TypedValue.COMPLEX_UNIT_DIP, 25, getResources().getDisplayMetrics());                  
             ((TextView) v).setTypeface(tf2);
             ((TextView) v).getLayoutParams().height = height;
             ((TextView) v).setGravity(Gravity.CENTER);
             ((TextView) v).setTextSize(TypedValue.COMPLEX_UNIT_SP, 19);
             ((TextView) v).setTextColor(Color.WHITE);
             return v;
         }

         public View getDropDownView(int position, View convertView,
                 ViewGroup parent) {
             if (isFirst) {
                 isFirst = false;
                 spinnerArray.remove(0);
             }
             View v = super.getDropDownView(position, convertView, parent);                  
             ((TextView) v).setTextColor(Color.argb(255, 70, 70, 70));
             ((TextView) v).setTypeface(tf2);
             ((TextView) v).setGravity(Gravity.CENTER);
             return v;
         }
     };
     spin.setAdapter(adapter);
}