从MySQL中的菜单表获得一致的菜单树数据

Question

我有一棵树/祖先/查询问题我解决不了：

我有一个表保持菜单数据和包含该菜单的所有祖先的表：

table menu               table ancestors
+-----+------------+--------+     +---------+--------------+-------+
| id  |      title | active |     | menu_id |  ancestor_id | level |
+-----+------------+--------+     +---------+--------------+-------+
|   1 |       Home |      0 |     |       1 |            0 |     0 |
|   2 |       News |      0 |     |       2 |            1 |     1 |
|   3 |        Foo |      0 |     |       3 |            2 |     2 |
|   4 |        Bar |      1 |     |       3 |            1 |     1 |
|   5 |  Downloads |      1 |     |       4 |            3 |     3 |
+-----+------------+--------+     |       4 |            2 |     2 |
                                  |       4 |            1 |     1 |
                                  |       5 |            1 |     1 |
                                  +---------+--------------+-------+

我与他们的祖先所有的活动菜单项容易搭配：

 SELECT menu.id, menu.title, GROUP_CONCAT(ancestors.ancestor_id) as ancestors
FROM menu, ancestors
WHERE menu.active = 1
GROUP BY (menu.id);

 +----+-----------+----------+
 | id |     title |ancestors |
 +----+-----------+----------+
 |  4 |       Bar | 3,2,1    | 
 |  5 | Downloads | 1        |
 +----+-----------+----------+

但我怎么能得到所有的对树必要的祖先吗？在我的结果我需要进入Foo和新闻，让我获得了洽树。它应该是这样的：

 +----+-----------+----------+
 | id |     title |ancestors |
 +----+-----------+----------+
 |  2 |      News | 1        | 
 |  3 |       Foo | 2,1      | 
 |  4 |       Bar | 3,2,1    | 
 |  5 | Downloads | 1        |
 +----+-----------+----------+

如何具有查询以怎样？

Answer 1

当我做到这一点，我结构ancestors表略有不同。相反level的，我存储pathlength。还可以存储一个行每个菜单项为指向自身，为0的路径长度。

+---------+--------------+------------+
| menu_id |  ancestor_id | pathlength |
+---------+--------------+------------+
|       1 |            1 |          0 |
|       2 |            2 |          0 |
|       3 |            3 |          0 |
|       4 |            4 |          0 |
|       5 |            5 |          0 |
|       2 |            1 |          1 |
|       3 |            2 |          2 |
|       3 |            1 |          1 |
|       4 |            3 |          3 |
|       4 |            2 |          2 |
|       4 |            1 |          1 |
|       5 |            1 |          1 |
+---------+--------------+------------+

这些“反身性”条目允许您加入集中的活动菜单项，关闭表。更改级别的光程可以让你从一组祖先排除自反项。

现在，你可以查询中的“活动”菜单项，包括活动的菜单项本身的祖先所有菜单项：

SELECT a2.menu_id, m2.title, GROUP_CONCAT(a2.ancestor_id) AS ancestors
FROM menu m1
JOIN ancestors a1 ON (m1.id = a1.menu_id)
JOIN ancestors a2 ON (a1.ancestor_id = a2.menu_id AND a2.pathlength > 0)
JOIN menu m2 ON (a2.menu_id = m2.id)
WHERE m1.active = 1
GROUP BY a2.menu_id;

结果：

+---------+-----------+-----------+
| menu_id | title     | ancestors |
+---------+-----------+-----------+
|       2 | News      | 1         | 
|       3 | Foo       | 2,1       | 
|       4 | Bar       | 3,2,1     | 
|       5 | Downloads | 1         | 
+---------+-----------+-----------+