如何进行身份验证的HTTP文件下载？

Question

在我的网站我有一个PHP脚本，启动一个文件下载，但不显示文件的完整路径，代码如下所示：

$path = '../examples/test.zip';
$type = "application/zip";

header("Expires: 0");
header("Pragma: no-cache");
header('Cache-Control: no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate');
header('Cache-Control: pre-check=0, post-check=0, max-age=0');
header("Content-Description: File Transfer");
header("Content-Type: " . $type);
header("Content-Length: " .(string)(filesize($path)) );
header('Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="'.basename($path).'"');
header("Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary\n");

readfile($path); // outputs the content of the file

exit();

有是增加一个HTTP认证之前推出的下载方式？

提前感谢！

---

修改1： 由于安德烈·霍夫曼，我通过使用HTTP基本身份验证解决了这个问题！ 但是，如果我想使用HTTP摘要式身份验证像下面，我该怎么办？ 我试着写了上面的代码，行之后：“回声‘您的登录身份是：’$数据[‘用户名’]。” ...但我得到一个错误说我不能修改头两次！

<?php

$realm = 'Restricted area';

//user => password
$users = array('admin' => 'mypass', 'guest' => 'guest');


if (empty($_SERVER['PHP_AUTH_DIGEST'])) {
    header('HTTP/1.1 401 Unauthorized');
    header('WWW-Authenticate: Digest realm="'.$realm.
           '",qop="auth",nonce="'.uniqid().'",opaque="'.md5($realm).'"');

    die('Text to send if user hits Cancel button');
}


// analyze the PHP_AUTH_DIGEST variable
if (!($data = http_digest_parse($_SERVER['PHP_AUTH_DIGEST'])) ||
    !isset($users[$data['username']]))
    die('Wrong Credentials!');


// generate the valid response
$A1 = md5($data['username'] . ':' . $realm . ':' . $users[$data['username']]);
$A2 = md5($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'].':'.$data['uri']);
$valid_response = md5($A1.':'.$data['nonce'].':'.$data['nc'].':'.$data['cnonce'].':'.$data['qop'].':'.$A2);

if ($data['response'] != $valid_response){
    die('Wrong Credentials!');
}

// ok, valid username & password
echo 'Your are logged in as: ' . $data['username'];


// function to parse the http auth header
function http_digest_parse($txt)
{
    // protect against missing data
    $needed_parts = array('nonce'=>1, 'nc'=>1, 'cnonce'=>1, 'qop'=>1, 'username'=>1, 'uri'=>1, 'response'=>1);
    $data = array();
    $keys = implode('|', array_keys($needed_parts));

    preg_match_all('@(' . $keys . ')=(?:([\'"])([^\2]+?)\2|([^\s,]+))@', $txt, $matches, PREG_SET_ORDER);

    foreach ($matches as $m) {
        $data[$m[1]] = $m[3] ? $m[3] : $m[4];
        unset($needed_parts[$m[1]]);
    }

    return $needed_parts ? false : $data;
}

?>

---

<强> SOLUTION：

由于安德烈和Anthony，我可以写出溶液：

<?php

$realm = 'Restricted area';

//user => password
$users = array('admin' => 'mypass', 'guest' => 'guest');


if (empty($_SERVER['PHP_AUTH_DIGEST'])) {
    header('HTTP/1.1 401 Unauthorized');
    header('WWW-Authenticate: Digest realm="'.$realm.
           '",qop="auth",nonce="'.uniqid().'",opaque="'.md5($realm).'"');

    die('Text to send if user hits Cancel button');
}


// analyze the PHP_AUTH_DIGEST variable
if (!($data = http_digest_parse($_SERVER['PHP_AUTH_DIGEST'])) ||
    !isset($users[$data['username']]))
    die('Wrong Credentials!');


// generate the valid response
$A1 = md5($data['username'] . ':' . $realm . ':' . $users[$data['username']]);
$A2 = md5($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'].':'.$data['uri']);
$valid_response = md5($A1.':'.$data['nonce'].':'.$data['nc'].':'.$data['cnonce'].':'.$data['qop'].':'.$A2);

if ($data['response'] != $valid_response){
    die('Wrong Credentials!');
}

// ok, valid username & password ... start the download
$path = '../examples/test.zip';
$type = "application/zip";

header("Expires: 0");
header("Pragma: no-cache");
header('Cache-Control: no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate');
header('Cache-Control: pre-check=0, post-check=0, max-age=0');
header("Content-Description: File Transfer");
header("Content-Type: " . $type);
header("Content-Length: " .(string)(filesize($path)) );
header('Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="'.basename($path).'"');
header("Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary\n");

readfile($path); // outputs the content of the file

exit();


// function to parse the http auth header
function http_digest_parse($txt)
{
    // protect against missing data
    $needed_parts = array('nonce'=>1, 'nc'=>1, 'cnonce'=>1, 'qop'=>1, 'username'=>1, 'uri'=>1, 'response'=>1);
    $data = array();
    $keys = implode('|', array_keys($needed_parts));

    preg_match_all('@(' . $keys . ')=(?:([\'"])([^\2]+?)\2|([^\s,]+))@', $txt, $matches, PREG_SET_ORDER);

    foreach ($matches as $m) {
        $data[$m[1]] = $m[3] ? $m[3] : $m[4];
        unset($needed_parts[$m[1]]);
    }

    return $needed_parts ? false : $data;
}

?>

Answer 1

不确定看到此手动。

<?php
if (!isset($_SERVER['PHP_AUTH_USER'])) {
    header('WWW-Authenticate: Basic realm="My Realm"');
    header('HTTP/1.0 401 Unauthorized');
    echo 'Text to send if user hits Cancel button';
    exit;
} else {
    //check $_SERVER['PHP_AUTH_USER'] and $_SERVER['PHP_AUTH_PW']
    if ($valid) {
        //start download

        $path = '../examples/test.zip';
        $type = "application/zip";

        header("Expires: 0");
        header("Pragma: no-cache");
        header('Cache-Control: no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate');
        header('Cache-Control: pre-check=0, post-check=0, max-age=0');
        header("Content-Description: File Transfer");
        header("Content-Type: " . $type);
        header("Content-Length: " .(string)(filesize($path)) );
        header('Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="'.basename($path).'"');
        header("Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary\n");

        readfile($path); // outputs the content of the file

        exit();
    } else {
        //show error
    }
}

<强>更新：

一个基于htaccess的认证实际上可以允许由一个以上的用户使用。 把这个在你的.htaccess：

AuthType Basic
AuthName "Password Required"
AuthUserFile passwords.file
AuthGroupFile groups.file

文件 passwords.file 包含密码可使用与Apache附带的htpasswd工具来创建。 文件 groups.file 谨类似于：

GroupName: rbowen dpitts sungo rshersey

在这里，你基本上只是列表中的用户应该有权访问该目录。

请同时参阅本教程。

Answer 2

您尝试具有脚本回声后开始下载“您已成功登录为...”？

您有任何输出到屏幕后，您不能设置任何头。只要你回声或打印或什么具备的，你，你已开始的HTTP响应，这意味着标头已被设置的主体部分。

顺便说一句，如果你尝试设置的头，然后给一点“你已经登录”，将卡住的文件中，而不是输出到屏幕上。

您想要做的是有脚本输出“您登录”，并在重定向以发送下载头脚本。用户将不会看到第二页，作为标题设置为“附件”。这是多么典型的“您的下载将立即开始”的网页。