SQLite 数据库中的核心数据“Upsert”

Question

我目前正在编写一个应用程序，需要能够修改和保存各种数据。我决定为此目的使用核心数据。当用户第一次打开应用程序时，我需要从sqlite数据库导入大量数据，这些数据由多对多关系组成。

我想找出将所有这些数据插入到我的代码数据存储中的最佳方法。现在，我正在使用 NSOperation 进行导入，而应用程序的其余部分保持活动状态，因此用户可以执行其他操作，但我希望导入尽快发生，以便可以立即访问整个应用程序。

我现在使用的方法是使用 NSFetchRequest 尝试在数据存储中查找相关实体，如果实体存在，我只需将其添加为关系，如果实体不存在，我创建一个新实体并将其添加为关系。这可行，但我觉得它可能还没有接近最佳状态。

我现在使用的代码：

- (void)importEntitiesIntoContext: (NSManagedObjectContext*)managedObjectContext
{
    // Setup the database object
    static NSString* const databaseName = @"DBName.sqlite";
    NSString* databasePath = [[[NSBundle mainBundle] resourcePath] stringByAppendingPathComponent: databaseName];

    sqlite3* database;

    // Open the database from the user's filessytem
    if ( sqlite3_open_v2( [databasePath UTF8String], &database, SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY, NULL ) == SQLITE_OK ) 
    {
        // Setup the SQL Statement
        NSString* sqlStatement = [NSString stringWithFormat: @"SELECT some_columns FROM SomeTable;"];

        sqlite3_stmt* compiledStatement;
        if ( sqlite3_prepare_v2( database, [sqlStatement UTF8String], -1, &compiledStatement, NULL ) == SQLITE_OK ) 
        {
            // Create objects to test for existence of exercises
            NSPredicate* predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat: @"something == $SOME_NAME"];

            NSEntityDescription* entityDescription = [NSEntityDescription entityForName: @"SomeEntity" 
                                                                 inManagedObjectContext: managedObjectContext];
            NSFetchRequest* fetchRequest = [[[NSFetchRequest alloc] init] autorelease];
            [fetchRequest setEntity: entityDescription];

            // Loop through the results and add them to the feeds array
            while ( sqlite3_step( compiledStatement ) == SQLITE_ROW ) 
            {
                NSString* someName = [NSString stringWithCharsIfNotNull: (char*)sqlite3_column_text( compiledStatement, 1 )];
                NSPredicate* localPredicate = [predicate predicateWithSubstitutionVariables: 
                                               [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject: someName
                                                                           forKey: @"SOME_NAME"]];
                [fetchRequest setPredicate: localPredicate];

                NSError* fetchError;
                NSArray* array = [managedObjectContext executeFetchRequest: fetchRequest 
                                                                     error: &fetchError];
                if ( array == nil )
                {
                    // handle error
                }
                else if ( [array count] == 0 )
                {
                    SomeEntity* entity = 
                    [NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName: @"SomeEntity"
                                                  inManagedObjectContext: managedObjectContext];
                    entity.name = someName;

// **here I call a method that attempts to add the relationships(listed below)**

                }
                else
                {
                    // Some entity already in store
                }

            }
        }
        else
        {
            NSLog( @"sqlStatement failed: %@", sqlStatement );
        }

        // Release the compiled statement from memory
        sqlite3_finalize( compiledStatement );
    }

    // All the data has been imported into this temporary context, now save it
    NSError *error = nil;
    if ( ![managedObjectContext save: &error] ) 
    {
        NSLog( @"Unable to save %@ - %@", [error localizedDescription] );
    }
}

添加关系的方法：

- (void)setRelationshipForEntity: (Entity*)entity 
            inManagedObjectContext: (NSManagedObjectContext*)managedObjectContext 
                     usingDatabase: (sqlite3*)database
                        entityId: (NSNumber*)entityId
{

    // Setup the SQL Statement and compile it for faster access
    NSString* sqlStatement = [NSString stringWithFormat: @"SELECT Relationship.name FROM Relationship JOIN Entitys_Relationship ON Entitys_Relationship.id_Relationship = Relationship.id JOIN Entitys ON Entitys_Relationship.id_Entitys = Entitys.id WHERE Entitys.id = %d;", [entityId integerValue]];

    sqlite3_stmt* compiledStatement;
    if ( sqlite3_prepare_v2( database, [sqlStatement UTF8String], -1, &compiledStatement, NULL ) == SQLITE_OK ) 
    {
        // Create objects to test for existence of relationship
        NSPredicate* predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat: @"relationshipName == $RELATIONSHIP_NAME"];

        NSEntityDescription* entityDescription = [NSEntityDescription entityForName: @"EntityRelationship" 
                                                             inManagedObjectContext: managedObjectContext];
        NSFetchRequest* fetchRequest = [[[NSFetchRequest alloc] init] autorelease];
        [fetchRequest setEntity: entityDescription];

        while ( sqlite3_step( compiledStatement ) == SQLITE_ROW ) 
        {
            NSString* relationshipName = [NSString stringWithCharsIfNotNull: (char*)sqlite3_column_text( compiledStatement, 0 )];
            NSPredicate* localPredicate = [predicate predicateWithSubstitutionVariables: 
                                           [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject: relationshipName
                                                                       forKey: @"RELATIONSHIP_NAME"]];
            [fetchRequest setPredicate: localPredicate];

            NSError* fetchError;
            NSArray* array = [managedObjectContext executeFetchRequest: fetchRequest 
                                                                 error: &fetchError];
            if ( array == nil )
            {
                // handle error
            }
            else if ( [array count] == 0 )
            {
                EntityRelationship* entityRelationship = 
                [NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName: @"EntityRelationship"
                                              inManagedObjectContext: managedObjectContext];
                entityRelationship.relationshipName = relationshipName;

                [entity addRelationshipObject: entityRelationship];
                //NSLog( @"Inserted relationship named %@", relationshipName );
            }
            else
            {
                [entity addRelationship: [NSSet setWithArray: array]];
            }
        }
    }
    else
    {
        NSLog( @"slqStatement failed: %@", sqlStatement );
    }

    // Release the compiled statement from memory
    sqlite3_finalize( compiledStatement );  
}

Answer 1

其中在原始数据库来自何处？

通常情况下，你会所有的数据到核心数据在开发过程中转换，然后附带预填充的核心数据存储（无需用户等待进口）的应用程序。

Answer 2

Apple 对于如何优化核心数据存储中的大量导入有一些建议：

• 在批量导入期间禁用撤消管理器
• 不要逐条记录插入 - 创建大小为 n 的批次（取决于记录大小）
• 使用本地自动释放池并在每批后将其排出

请参阅 文档 了解详情。