为什么在 Windows 上安装预编译版本的 LAPACK 时出现错误？

Question

我正在尝试使用犰狳矩阵库进行矩阵计算，它需要 BLAS 和 LAPACK。Armadillo 文档建议从以下位置获取预编译版本 http://www.stanford.edu/~vkl/code/libs.html

里面有.lib和.dll文件。唯一的问题是我不知道如何让 Visual Studio（Express Edition 2008）识别这些文件。我尝试将它们复制到 Visual C++ include 和 lib 目录 C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\VC\include\ 和 C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\VC\lib\, ，但它似乎没有做任何事情，因为当我尝试编译我的程序时，我收到很多“无法解析的外部符号”错误，表明它找不到 LAPACK 函数。

编辑：

以下是错误消息：

1>Linking...  
1>LINK : warning LNK4076: invalid incremental status file 'C:\Users\User\Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\TentPitcher\Debug\TentPitcher.ilk'; linking nonincrementally  
1>   Creating library C:\Users\User\Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\TentPitcher\Debug\TentPitcher.lib and object C:\Users\User\Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\TentPitcher\Debug\TentPitcher.exp  
1>Cell3DXT.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _zgetrf_ referenced in function "void __cdecl arma::lapack::getrf_(int *,int *,double *,int *,int *,int *)" (??$getrf_@N@lapack@arma@@YAXPAH0PAN000@Z)  
1>ThreeCell3DXT.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _zgetrf_  
1>Cell3DXT.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _cgetrf_ referenced in function "void __cdecl arma::lapack::getrf_(int *,int *,double *,int *,int *,int *)" (??$getrf_@N@lapack@arma@@YAXPAH0PAN000@Z)  
1>ThreeCell3DXT.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _cgetrf_  
1>Cell3DXT.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _dgetrf_ referenced in function "void __cdecl arma::lapack::getrf_(int *,int *,double *,int *,int *,int *)" (??$getrf_@N@lapack@arma@@YAXPAH0PAN000@Z)
1>ThreeCell3DXT.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _dgetrf_
1>Cell3DXT.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _sgetrf_ referenced in function "void __cdecl arma::lapack::getrf_(int *,int *,double *,int *,int *,int *)" (??$getrf_@N@lapack@arma@@YAXPAH0PAN000@Z)
1>ThreeCell3DXT.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _sgetrf_
1>Cell3DXT.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _zgemv_ referenced in function "void __cdecl arma::blas::gemv_(char const *,int const *,int const *,double const *,double const *,int const *,double const *,int const *,double const *,double *,int const *)" (??$gemv_@N@blas@arma@@YAXPBDPBH1PBN21212PAN1@Z)
1>ThreeCell3DXT.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _zgemv_
1>TwoCell3DXT.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _zgemv_
1>Cell3DXT.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _cgemv_ referenced in function "void __cdecl arma::blas::gemv_(char const *,int const *,int const *,double const *,double const *,int const *,double const *,int const *,double const *,double *,int const *)" (??$gemv_@N@blas@arma@@YAXPBDPBH1PBN21212PAN1@Z)
1>ThreeCell3DXT.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _cgemv_
1>TwoCell3DXT.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _cgemv_
1>Cell3DXT.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _dgemv_ referenced in function "void __cdecl arma::blas::gemv_(char const *,int const *,int const *,double const *,double const *,int const *,double const *,int const *,double const *,double *,int const *)" (??$gemv_@N@blas@arma@@YAXPBDPBH1PBN21212PAN1@Z)
1>ThreeCell3DXT.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _dgemv_
1>TwoCell3DXT.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _dgemv_
1>Cell3DXT.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _sgemv_ referenced in function "void __cdecl arma::blas::gemv_(char const *,int const *,int const *,double const *,double const *,int const *,double const *,int const *,double const *,double *,int const *)" (??$gemv_@N@blas@arma@@YAXPBDPBH1PBN21212PAN1@Z)
1>ThreeCell3DXT.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _sgemv_
1>TwoCell3DXT.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _sgemv_
1>Cell3DXT.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _zgemm_ referenced in function "void __cdecl arma::blas::gemm_(char const *,char const *,int const *,int const *,int const *,double const *,double const *,int const *,double const *,int const *,double const *,double *,int const *)" (??$gemm_@N@blas@arma@@YAXPBD0PBH11PBN21212PAN1@Z)  
1>ThreeCell3DXT.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _zgemm_  
1>TwoCell3DXT.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _zgemm_  
1>Cell3DXT.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _cgemm_ referenced in function "void __cdecl arma::blas::gemm_(char const *,char const *,int const *,int const *,int const *,double const *,double const *,int const *,double const *,int const *,double const *,double *,int const *)" (??$gemm_@N@blas@arma@@YAXPBD0PBH11PBN21212PAN1@Z)  
1>ThreeCell3DXT.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _cgemm_  
1>TwoCell3DXT.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _cgemm_  
1>Cell3DXT.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _dgemm_ referenced in function "void __cdecl arma::blas::gemm_(char const *,char const *,int const *,int const *,int const *,double const *,double const *,int const *,double const *,int const *,double const *,double *,int const *)" (??$gemm_@N@blas@arma@@YAXPBD0PBH11PBN21212PAN1@Z)  
1>ThreeCell3DXT.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _dgemm_  
1>TwoCell3DXT.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _dgemm_  
1>Cell3DXT.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _sgemm_ referenced in function "void __cdecl arma::blas::gemm_(char const *,char const *,int const *,int const *,int const *,double const *,double const *,int const *,double const *,int const *,double const *,double *,int const *)" (??$gemm_@N@blas@arma@@YAXPBD0PBH11PBN21212PAN1@Z)  
1>ThreeCell3DXT.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _sgemm_  
1>TwoCell3DXT.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _sgemm_  
1>Cell3DXT.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _zgetri_ referenced in function "void __cdecl arma::lapack::getri_(int *,double *,int *,int *,double *,int *,int *)" (??$getri_@N@lapack@arma@@YAXPAHPAN00100@Z)  
1>ThreeCell3DXT.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _zgetri_  
1>Cell3DXT.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _cgetri_ referenced in function "void __cdecl arma::lapack::getri_(int *,double *,int *,int *,double *,int *,int *)" (??$getri_@N@lapack@arma@@YAXPAHPAN00100@Z)  
1>ThreeCell3DXT.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _cgetri_  
1>Cell3DXT.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _dgetri_ referenced in function "void __cdecl arma::lapack::getri_(int *,double *,int *,int *,double *,int *,int *)" (??$getri_@N@lapack@arma@@YAXPAHPAN00100@Z)  
1>ThreeCell3DXT.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _dgetri_  
1>Cell3DXT.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _sgetri_ referenced in function "void __cdecl arma::lapack::getri_(int *,double *,int *,int *,double *,int *,int *)" (??$getri_@N@lapack@arma@@YAXPAHPAN00100@Z)  
1>ThreeCell3DXT.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _sgetri_  
1>TwoCell3DXT.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _dgesvd_ referenced in function "void __cdecl arma::lapack::gesvd_(char *,char *,int *,int *,double *,int *,double *,double *,int *,double *,int *,double *,int *,int *)" (??$gesvd_@N@lapack@arma@@YAXPAD0PAH1PAN122121211@Z)  
1>TwoCell3DXT.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _sgesvd_ referenced in function "void __cdecl arma::lapack::gesvd_(char *,char *,int *,int *,double *,int *,double *,double *,int *,double *,int *,double *,int *,int *)" (??$gesvd_@N@lapack@arma@@YAXPAD0PAH1PAN122121211@Z)  
1>C:\Users\User\Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\TentPitcher\Debug\TentPitcher.exe : fatal error LNK1120: 18 unresolved externals  
1>Build log was saved at "file://c:\Users\User\Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\TentPitcher\TentPitcher\Debug\BuildLog.htm"  
1>TentPitcher - 43 error(s), 1 warning(s)

"Cell3DXT", "TwoCell3DXT“， 和 ”ThreeCell3DXT“是我自己的代码中的类。另外，在上面的 LAPACK 和 BLAS 文件中，还有“.exp 文件”——它们是什么？它们与问题有关系吗？

Answer 1

我想通了，回答我的问题。问题是，我知道我必须把包含LAPACK的.lib文件中库目录列表目录（工具 - >选项 - >项目和解决方案 - > VC ++目录 - >库文件），但忘了，我也不得不将其添加到“附加依赖”项目下 - >（项目名称）属性 - >链接 - >输入

Answer 2

我有同样的问题，但我解决了如下：

1. 从 victor 的网站下载并解压 LAPACK (LIB+DLL) 和 BLASS (LIB+DLL)，
2. 将 LAPACK 和 BLASS 路径添加到链接器搜索目录，例如 Code::Blocks 中的“项目->构建选项->搜索目录->链接器”，
3. 将 lapack_win32.lib 添加到链接器设置，
4. 在 [Armadillo PATH]/include/armadillo_bits/config.hpp 中取消注释 `#define ARMA_USE_LAPACK'