process.start：如何获取输出？

StackOverflow https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4291912

  •  28-09-2019
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题

我想从我的单声道/.NET应用程序运行外部命令行程序。例如，我想运行 Mencoder. 。是否可以：

  1. 要获取命令行壳输出，然后将其写入我的文本框上？
  2. 要获得数值以显示出时间的进度标准？
有帮助吗？

解决方案

当您创建您的 Process 对象集 StartInfo 适当：

var proc = new Process 
{
    StartInfo = new ProcessStartInfo
    {
        FileName = "program.exe",
        Arguments = "command line arguments to your executable",
        UseShellExecute = false,
        RedirectStandardOutput = true,
        CreateNoWindow = true
    }
};

然后开始过程并从中读取：

proc.Start();
while (!proc.StandardOutput.EndOfStream)
{
    string line = proc.StandardOutput.ReadLine();
    // do something with line
}

您可以使用 int.Parse() 或者 int.TryParse() 将字符串转换为数字值。如果您阅读的字符串中有无效的数字字符，则可能必须先进行一些字符串操作。

其他提示

您可以处理输出 同步 或者 异步.

1：同步示例

static void runCommand()
{
    Process process = new Process();
    process.StartInfo.FileName = "cmd.exe";
    process.StartInfo.Arguments = "/c DIR"; // Note the /c command (*)
    process.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
    process.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;
    process.StartInfo.RedirectStandardError = true;
    process.Start();
    //* Read the output (or the error)
    string output = process.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd();
    Console.WriteLine(output);
    string err = process.StandardError.ReadToEnd();
    Console.WriteLine(err);
    process.WaitForExit();
}

笔记 最好处理两者 输出 和 错误: ：必须单独处理。

（*）对于某些命令（此处 StartInfo.Arguments）您必须添加 /c 指示, ，否则该过程在 WaitForExit().

2：异步示例

static void runCommand() 
{
    //* Create your Process
    Process process = new Process();
    process.StartInfo.FileName = "cmd.exe";
    process.StartInfo.Arguments = "/c DIR";
    process.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
    process.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;
    process.StartInfo.RedirectStandardError = true;
    //* Set your output and error (asynchronous) handlers
    process.OutputDataReceived += new DataReceivedEventHandler(OutputHandler);
    process.ErrorDataReceived += new DataReceivedEventHandler(OutputHandler);
    //* Start process and handlers
    process.Start();
    process.BeginOutputReadLine();
    process.BeginErrorReadLine();
    process.WaitForExit();
}

static void OutputHandler(object sendingProcess, DataReceivedEventArgs outLine) 
{
    //* Do your stuff with the output (write to console/log/StringBuilder)
    Console.WriteLine(outLine.Data);
}

如果您不需要使用输出进行复杂的操作，则可以绕过Outputhandler方法，只需直接添加处理程序：

//* Set your output and error (asynchronous) handlers
process.OutputDataReceived += (s, e) => Console.WriteLine(e.Data);
process.ErrorDataReceived += (s, e) => Console.WriteLine(e.Data);

好吧，对于任何想要读取错误和输出的人，但使用其他答案（例如我）提供的任何解决方案都会陷入僵局，这是我在阅读MSDN解释后构建的解决方案。

答案基于T30的代码：

static void runCommand()
{
    //* Create your Process
    Process process = new Process();
    process.StartInfo.FileName = "cmd.exe";
    process.StartInfo.Arguments = "/c DIR";
    process.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
    process.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;
    process.StartInfo.RedirectStandardError = true;
    //* Set ONLY ONE handler here.
    process.ErrorDataReceived += new DataReceivedEventHandler(OutputHandler);
    //* Start process
    process.Start();
    //* Read one element asynchronously
    process.BeginErrorReadLine();
    //* Read the other one synchronously
    string output = process.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd();
    Console.WriteLine(output);
    process.WaitForExit();
}

static void OutputHandler(object sendingProcess, DataReceivedEventArgs outLine) 
{
    //* Do your stuff with the output (write to console/log/StringBuilder)
    Console.WriteLine(outLine.Data);
}

这样做的标准.NET方法是从过程中阅读' 标准输出 溪流。链接的MSDN文档中有一个示例。类似，您可以从中阅读 Standarderror, ，并写信给 StandardInput.

  1. 如下所述，可以获取过程的命令行壳输出： http://www.c-sharpcorner.com/uploadfile/edwinlima/systemdiagnosticprocess12052005035444AM/systemdiastemdiagnosticprocess.aspx

  2. 这取决于Mencoder。如果它在命令行上输出此状态，则是:)

您可以使用共享内存进行两个过程进行通信，请查看 MemoryMappedFile

您将主要创建一个内存映射的文件 mmf 在使用“使用”语句的父进程中，然后创建第二个过程，直到终止并将结果写入 mmf 使用 BinaryWriter, ，然后阅读从 mmf 使用父进程，您也可以通过 mmf 使用命令行参数或硬代码的名称。

确保在您制作子进程的父进程中使用映射的文件时，将结果写入映射的文件，然后在父进程中释放映射文件之前

示例：父进程

    private static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        using (MemoryMappedFile mmf = MemoryMappedFile.CreateNew("memfile", 128))
        {
            using (MemoryMappedViewStream stream = mmf.CreateViewStream())
            {
                BinaryWriter writer = new BinaryWriter(stream);
                writer.Write(512);
            }

            Console.WriteLine("Starting the child process");
            // Command line args are separated by a space
            Process p = Process.Start("ChildProcess.exe", "memfile");

            Console.WriteLine("Waiting child to die");

            p.WaitForExit();
            Console.WriteLine("Child died");

            using (MemoryMappedViewStream stream = mmf.CreateViewStream())
            {
                BinaryReader reader = new BinaryReader(stream);
                Console.WriteLine("Result:" + reader.ReadInt32());
            }
        }
        Console.WriteLine("Press any key to continue...");
        Console.ReadKey();
    }

儿童过程 

    private static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Child process started");
        string mmfName = args[0];

        using (MemoryMappedFile mmf = MemoryMappedFile.OpenExisting(mmfName))
        {
            int readValue;
            using (MemoryMappedViewStream stream = mmf.CreateViewStream())
            {
                BinaryReader reader = new BinaryReader(stream);
                Console.WriteLine("child reading: " + (readValue = reader.ReadInt32()));
            }
            using (MemoryMappedViewStream input = mmf.CreateViewStream())
            {
                BinaryWriter writer = new BinaryWriter(input);
                writer.Write(readValue * 2);
            }
        }

        Console.WriteLine("Press any key to continue...");
        Console.ReadKey();
    }

要使用此示例，您需要创建一个带有2个项目的解决方案，然后从％childdir％/bin/debug中获取子进程的构建结果，然后将其复制到％parentdirectory％/bin/debug，然后运行父项目

childDir 和 parentDirectory PC上的项目的文件夹是好运的:)

如何启动流程（例如BAT文件，Perl脚本，控制台程序），并在Windows表单上显示其标准输出：

processCaller = new ProcessCaller(this);
//processCaller.FileName = @"..\..\hello.bat";
processCaller.FileName = @"commandline.exe";
processCaller.Arguments = "";
processCaller.StdErrReceived += new DataReceivedHandler(writeStreamInfo);
processCaller.StdOutReceived += new DataReceivedHandler(writeStreamInfo);
processCaller.Completed += new EventHandler(processCompletedOrCanceled);
processCaller.Cancelled += new EventHandler(processCompletedOrCanceled);
// processCaller.Failed += no event handler for this one, yet.

this.richTextBox1.Text = "Started function.  Please stand by.." + Environment.NewLine;

// the following function starts a process and returns immediately,
// thus allowing the form to stay responsive.
processCaller.Start();

你可以找到 ProcessCaller 在此链接上： 启动过程并显示其标准输出

在Win和Linux中为我工作的解决方案是毛病

// GET api/values
        [HttpGet("cifrado/{xml}")]
        public ActionResult<IEnumerable<string>> Cifrado(String xml)
        {
            String nombreXML = DateTime.Now.ToString("ddMMyyyyhhmmss").ToString();
            String archivo = "/app/files/"+nombreXML + ".XML";
            String comando = " --armor --recipient bibankingprd@bi.com.gt  --encrypt " + archivo;
            try{
                System.IO.File.WriteAllText(archivo, xml);                
                //String comando = "C:\\GnuPG\\bin\\gpg.exe --recipient licorera@local.com --armor --encrypt C:\\Users\\Administrador\\Documents\\pruebas\\nuevo.xml ";
                ProcessStartInfo startInfo = new ProcessStartInfo() {FileName = "/usr/bin/gpg",  Arguments = comando }; 
                Process proc = new Process() { StartInfo = startInfo, };
                proc.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;
                proc.StartInfo.RedirectStandardError = true;
                proc.Start();
                proc.WaitForExit();
                Console.WriteLine(proc.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd());
                return new string[] { "Archivo encriptado", archivo + " - "+ comando};
            }catch (Exception exception){
                return new string[] { archivo, "exception: "+exception.ToString() + " - "+ comando };
            }
        }

您可以使用以下代码记录进程：

ProcessStartInfo pinfo = new ProcessStartInfo(item);
pinfo.CreateNoWindow = false;
pinfo.UseShellExecute = true;
pinfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;
pinfo.RedirectStandardInput = true;
pinfo.RedirectStandardError = true;
pinfo.WindowStyle = System.Diagnostics.ProcessWindowStyle.Normal;
var p = Process.Start(pinfo);
p.WaitForExit();
Process process = Process.Start(new ProcessStartInfo((item + '>' + item + ".txt"))
{
    UseShellExecute = false,
    RedirectStandardOutput = true
});
process.WaitForExit();
string output = process.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd();
if (process.ExitCode != 0) { 
}
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