Ruby Gem mysql2安装失败
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4115126
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当我尝试安装MySQL2 GEM时，它会失败而没有明显的错误。有谁知道该怎么做才能解决此问题，因此MySQL2安装了？
$ sudo gem install mysql2
Building native extensions. This could take a while...
ERROR: Error installing mysql2:
ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/1.8/usr/bin/ruby extconf.rb
checking for rb_thread_blocking_region()... no
checking for mysql_query() in -lmysqlclient... no
checking for main() in -lm... yes
checking for mysql_query() in -lmysqlclient... no
checking for main() in -lz... yes
checking for mysql_query() in -lmysqlclient... no
checking for main() in -lsocket... no
checking for mysql_query() in -lmysqlclient... no
checking for main() in -lnsl... no
checking for mysql_query() in -lmysqlclient... no
checking for main() in -lmygcc... no
checking for mysql_query() in -lmysqlclient... no
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of
necessary libraries and/or headers. Check the mkmf.log file for more
details. You may need configuration options.
Provided configuration options:
--with-opt-dir
--without-opt-dir
--with-opt-include
--without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
--with-opt-lib
--without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
--with-make-prog
--without-make-prog
--srcdir=.
--curdir
--ruby=/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/1.8/usr/bin/ruby
--with-mysql-config
--without-mysql-config
--with-mysql-dir
--without-mysql-dir
--with-mysql-include
--without-mysql-include=${mysql-dir}/include
--with-mysql-lib
--without-mysql-lib=${mysql-dir}/lib
--with-mysqlclientlib
--without-mysqlclientlib
--with-mlib
--without-mlib
--with-mysqlclientlib
--without-mysqlclientlib
--with-zlib
--without-zlib
--with-mysqlclientlib
--without-mysqlclientlib
--with-socketlib
--without-socketlib
--with-mysqlclientlib
--without-mysqlclientlib
--with-nsllib
--without-nsllib
--with-mysqlclientlib
--without-mysqlclientlib
--with-mygcclib
--without-mygcclib
--with-mysqlclientlib
--without-mysqlclientlib
Gem files will remain installed in /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/mysql2-0.2.6 for inspection.
Results logged to /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/mysql2-0.2.6/ext/mysql2/gem_make.out
解决方案
您必须在计算机上安装64位MySQL，以及安装Xcode时获得的构建工具。
其他提示
Ubuntu：
sudo apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev #(mysql development headers)
sudo gem install mysql2 -- --with-mysql-dir=/etc/mysql/
就是这样！
结果：
Building native extensions. This could take a while...
Successfully installed mysql2-0.2.6
1 gem installed
Installing ri documentation for mysql2-0.2.6...
Enclosing class/module 'mMysql2' for class Result not known
Enclosing class/module 'mMysql2' for class Client not known
Installing RDoc documentation for mysql2-0.2.6...
Enclosing class/module 'mMysql2' for class Result not known
Enclosing class/module 'mMysql2' for class Client not known
您需要MySQL开发标头才能正确编译。这是需要的，因为许多功能都是在C中编写的，随后与MySQL链接。
解决方案是将宝石安装程序指向您的mySQL安装文件夹，就像这样
gem install mysql2 -- --with-mysql-dir=/usr/local/mysql
# or where ever you installed your mysql server to
或通过将MySQL Server安装到已知位置（例如，使用 自制。）然后安装宝石
# install the mysql server locally
brew install mysql
# install the gem
gem install mysql2
两种方法都要求您安装XCode以具有所需的GCC编译器。
安装了Brew和MySQL，我使用以下内容安装MySQL2 GEM
gem install mysql2 -- --with-mysql-config=/usr/local/Cellar/mysql/5.5.10/bin/mysql_config
如果您使用的是Bundler，则可以通过命令告诉Bundler：
bundle config build.mysql2 --with-mysql-config=/usr/local//Cellar/mysql/5.5.10/bin/mysql_config
在Mac OSX Moutain Lion上，下面的命令对我有用：
gem install mysql2 -- --srcdir=/usr/local/mysql/include
Ubuntu 15.04：
sudo apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev
sudo gem install mysql2
Ubuntu-16.04：
sudo apt-get install ruby-mysql2
sudo gem install mysql2
输出：
Building native extensions. This could take a while...
Successfully installed mysql2-0.3.19
Parsing documentation for mysql2-0.3.19
Installing ri documentation for mysql2-0.3.19
Done installing documentation for mysql2 after 0 seconds
1 gem installed
您可能需要在MySQL网站上检查此线程： http://forums.mysql.com/read.php?116,178217,178217, ，特别是斯科特·德里克（Scott Derrick）的答案： http://forums.mysql.com/read.php?116,178217,189357#MSG-189357
要更具体，请尝试使用
sudo gem install mysql2 -- --with-mysql-dir=/usr/local/mysql
希望有帮助。
我挖了2天的互联网和堆栈溢出，直到我发现 这个链接 然后开始工作 这张MySQL2的票 我实际上解决了这个问题。
使用我的设置（如票证中的解释），-wno-null-conversion的编译器开关-wno-unused-Private-field会破裂，并给我一个错误的错误，这是：
mysql.h is missing. please check your installation of mysql and try again
我想如果你输入 rvm use ruby-2.1.0@rails4.0 --create 然后在您的目录中 bundle install 有用。
我通过具体说明目录， 无需重新安装任何东西, ，使用酿造或Macports或其他任何东西，只需指定在哪里（只有一件事：Mac上的Ruby）使用RVM安装，我不使用OS X带来的默认默认值）：
添加到你的 gem install mysql2 下面的标志
--srcdir="..."- 包括--with-mysql-dir="..."- MySQL目录--with-mysql-config="..."- mysql_config文件
像这样 gem install mysql2 --srcdir=/usr/local/mysql/include/ --with-mysql-dir=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysql-config=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config
在CentOS 6.X（7应该使用）与SCL（软件收集）RH-MYSQL：
scl enable rh-mysql56 bash
gem install mysql2 -v '0.4.5' -- --with-mysql-include=/opt/rh/rh-mysql56/root/usr/include --with-mysql-lib=/opt/rh/rh-mysql56/root/usr/lib64
