Here's an idea. First work out the area of your rectangle which is specified by minLongitude,maxlongitude,minlatitude,maxlatitude. Then the ratio of your current map area to the area of the whole world map could be used to scale up the current number of pixels that the map currently occupies to the number of pixels that would be required for the whole map.
To work out the area that the map currently occupies, I think you need a bit of spherical trigonometry, and you can find what you need here on wikipedia. That page on wikipedia gives you a formula for the area of a spherical triangle, so if you regard your rectangle as two triangles, you can use that formula and calculate the area of the current map.