Duplicating a Ruby array of strings

Question

arr = ["red","green","yellow"]

arr2 = arr.clone
arr2[0].replace("blue")

puts arr.inspect
puts arr2.inspect

produces:

["blue", "green", "yellow"]
["blue", "green", "yellow"]

Is there anyway to do a deep copy of an array of strings, other than using Marshal as i understand that is a hack.

I could do:

arr2 = []
arr.each do |e|
  arr2 << e.clone
end

but it doesn't seem very elegant, or efficient.

Thanks

Answer 1

Your second solution can be shortened to arr2 = arr.map do |e| e.dup end (unless you actually need the behaviour of clone, it's recommended to use dup instead).

Other than that your two solutions are basically the standard solutions to perform a deep copy (though the second version is only one-level deep (i.e. if you use it on an array of arrays of strings, you can still mutate the strings)). There isn't really a nicer way.

Edit: Here's a recursive deep_dup method that works with arbitrarily nested arrays:

class Array
  def deep_dup
    map {|x| x.deep_dup}
  end
end

class Object
  def deep_dup
    dup
  end
end

class Numeric
  # We need this because number.dup throws an exception
  # We also need the same definition for Symbol, TrueClass and FalseClass
  def deep_dup
    self
  end
end

You might also want to define deep_dup for other containers (like Hash), otherwise you'll still get a shallow copy for those.

Answer 2

I recommend your initial idea, but written slightly more concisely:

arr = ["red","green","yellow"]
arr2 = arr.inject([]) { |a,element| a << element.dup }

Answer 3

I am in a similar situation and very concerned about speed. The fastest way for me was to make use of map{&:clone}

So try this:

pry(main)> a = (10000..1000000).to_a.shuffle.map(&:to_s)
pry(main)> Benchmark.ms { b = a.deep_dup }                                                                                     
=> 660.7760030310601
pry(main)> Benchmark.ms { b = a.join("--!--").split("--!--") }
=> 605.0828141160309
pry(main)> Benchmark.ms { b = a.map(&:clone) }
=> 450.8283680770546

Answer 4

세션 데이터가 및 데이터베이스에 저장된 경우 세션 쿠키가 암호화되어 세션의 데이터를 사용하여 매우 안전합니다.

세션 쿠키는 세션 ID, 사용자 에이전트 및 IP 주소 만 유지합니다.또한 세션은 5 분마다 만료되므로 (기본적으로 기본적으로) 세션을 하이킹하려면 누군가 쿠키 암호화를 끊을 필요가있는 세션을 하이킹하려면 IP 및 사용자 에이전트를 쿠키에 저장된 것으로 설정하고 5 에서이 모든 것을 수행하십시오.세션 ID가 변경되기 전에 분 창이 변경됩니다.

이것은 (내 의견으로) 매우 가능성이 없습니다.

구성 파일의 CSRF (Cross Site Request Forgery) 옵션을 사용하여 양식 보안을 늘리지 않으려면 (적절한 사용자 데이터 유효성 검사를 대체하는 것은 아무 것도 없음)

Answer 5

It looks so simple.. Just run the below code:

a = [1,2,3]
b = [].replace(a)

b[1] = 5

puts a
puts b

Run above code and you will notice the difference. Cheers !

Answer 6

You can use this hack:

arr1 = %w{ red green blue }
arr2 = arr1.join("--!--").split("--!--")

But it is just for fun :)

arr2[0].replace("lol")
p arr1
#=> ["red", "green", "blue"]
p arr2
#=> ["lol", "green", "blue"]

And it will work only for 1 level arrays