You must have the .NET Framework installed on a machine in order to run a .NET application. The .NET Framework is both a runtime and the SDK, not just an SDK. All versions beyond Windows XP come with some version of the .NET Framework installed.
If you are saying that installing Visual Studio corrects the issue (which is what the question you linked to describes), that is a different problem altogether. Unfortunately, your question doesn't provide enough information to troubleshoot it. You can check the Event Viewer on the machine experiencing the issue, then look for two errors next to each other in the Application event log. One of these errors will contain exception detail, which will aid us (or you) in tracking down the problem.