I don't know of any proven solution to your problem, but you might want to try and use JavaScript™ for Acrobat® API.
Using JavaScript, it might be possible to change background images of buttons before document is printed. Or to change visibility of Optional Content Groups.
The following structures in the API might be of some interest to you:
Doc/WillPrint
eventPrintParams
objectAnnotation
objectOCG
and it's properties
You can embed Javascript in a PDF using Acrobat Professional and a number of 3rd-party tools and libraries.
Please note, that most probably no PDF viewer except Adobe Reader supports full JavaScript API.
EDIT:
Another possibility is to embed Postscript directly in your PDF. There are PostScript XObjects for that.
Unfortunately, such objects might be unsupported or not fully supported in most viewers. Adobe Community forum has a thread about embedding of Postscript in PDF.