A long-term solution (besides Microsoft fixing it) (or have they already?)
is also a few links deep from the answers posted.
On the affected machine, there is an xml file that defines a code-to-value mapping for each transform type.
What is seen with the "200" & "201" causing a failure, is a missing mapping
....well, it shouldn't have come through as "200/201", but as it did, we wish it were mapped
It can be inserted manually, if you are willing to play with such configurations.
Here is where I got the answer, quite a ways down the page:
http://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/sqlserver/en-US/97ff1f01-c02a-4c9a-b867-8eaecc464cfb/2012-sp1-no-longer-recognizes-common-data-types?forum=sqlintegrationservices
The mapping files are in
C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\110\DTS\MappingFiles\
(or equivalent)
There is one for each type of source-to-destination transform.
For going between SQL Servers, look at ones such as
MSSQLToSSIS10.XML
MSSql9ToMSSql8.xml
MSSql10ToMSSql9.xml
Where you see
<!-- varchar -->
<dtm:DataTypeMapping >
<dtm:SourceDataType>
<dtm:DataTypeName>varchar</dtm:DataTypeName>
</dtm:SourceDataType>
<dtm:DestinationDataType>
<dtm:CharacterStringType>
<dtm:DataTypeName>DT_STR</dtm:DataTypeName>
<dtm:UseSourceLength/>
</dtm:CharacterStringType>
</dtm:DestinationDataType>
</dtm:DataTypeMapping>
Add the "200" mapping to match such that you end up with
<!-- varchar -->
<dtm:DataTypeMapping >
<dtm:SourceDataType>
<dtm:DataTypeName>varchar</dtm:DataTypeName>
</dtm:SourceDataType>
<dtm:DestinationDataType>
<dtm:CharacterStringType>
<dtm:DataTypeName>DT_STR</dtm:DataTypeName>
<dtm:UseSourceLength/>
</dtm:CharacterStringType>
</dtm:DestinationDataType>
</dtm:DataTypeMapping>
<dtm:DataTypeMapping >
<dtm:SourceDataType>
<dtm:DataTypeName>200</dtm:DataTypeName>
</dtm:SourceDataType>
<dtm:DestinationDataType>
<dtm:CharacterStringType>
<dtm:DataTypeName>DT_STR</dtm:DataTypeName>
<dtm:UseSourceLength/>
</dtm:CharacterStringType>
</dtm:DestinationDataType>
</dtm:DataTypeMapping>
Fix nvarchar and any others in the same way!