Dan's answer was close (thanks!) but didn't include the formatting details I needed to mimic the above chart. Once I figured out how to do that, I tried editing his to add the required changes but the editors didn't care for my changes. So here here is what I wanted.
y1 = rand(2, 1);
e1 = rand(2, 1)*.2;
errorbar(y1, e1, 'o-');
hold all
%Now repeat for B
y2 = rand(2, 1);
e2 = rand(2, 1)*.2;
errorbar(y2, e2, '^-');
plotrange = [y1-e1;y2-e2;y1+e1;y2+e2];
yplotmin = min(plotrange)* .5;
yplotmax = max(plotrange) * 1.5;
legend({'Control', 'Treatment'})
set(gca,'YLim',[yplotmin yplotmax])
set(gca,'XLim',[.5 2.5])
set(gca,'XTick',1:2)
set(gca,'XTickLabel',{'Pre-treatment', 'Post-treatment'});