Your input file is PDF (vector file) and ImageMagick has to convert it to to bitmap. By default density of pixels for input file is set to 72x72 (horizontal x vertical). You can override it, but only when creating ImageList:
path = "#{::Rails.root}/public/#{temp}.pdf"
image = Magick::ImageList.new(path) { self.density = 300 }
That should set density of input file to 300ppi, which should be enough.