HTML bookmark links not working [closed]

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I'm working on an HTML page with bookmark links (a href/a id) and when I validated the page on W3C the validator told me that whitespace wasn't allowed in links and that I should replace it with %20 and so I did with a PHP function. After doing that my bookmark links stopped working. Then, instead of replacing the whitespace with %20 I tried replacing it with an empty string ("") and thus removed the whitespace altogether and my bookmarks started working again. Can anybody explain this?

Answer 1

Some PHP code might be helpful but I think it's enough if you use urlencode() function. It will auto-magically convert any string to match the URL standards.

Here's the REFERENCE.