我怎么设置的权限(性)的文件在一个压缩文件使用Python出压缩文件的模块?
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10-07-2019 - |
题
当我提取的文件从一个压缩文件的创建与蟒蛇 zipfile
模块,所有文件不可写的、只读等等。
该文件是在创建和取在Linux和Python2.5.2.
作为最好我可以告诉大家,我需要设置 ZipInfo.external_attr
酒店的每个文件,但这似乎并没有被记录下任何地方我能找到的,任何人都可以启发我吗?
解决方案
这似乎有效(感谢Evan,把它放在这里,所以线条在上下文中):
buffer = "path/filename.zip" # zip filename to write (or file-like object)
name = "folder/data.txt" # name of file inside zip
bytes = "blah blah blah" # contents of file inside zip
zip = zipfile.ZipFile(buffer, "w", zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED)
info = zipfile.ZipInfo(name)
info.external_attr = 0777 << 16L # give full access to included file
zip.writestr(info, bytes)
zip.close()
我仍然希望看到记录此内容的内容...我发现的另一个资源是Zip文件格式的注释: http://www.pkware.com/documents/casestudies/APPNOTE.TXT
其他提示
此链接提供的信息比我以前的任何其他内容都多能在网上找到。即使是拉链源也没有任何东西。复制相关部分以供后代使用。这个补丁实际上并不是关于记录这种格式的,这只是为了说明当前文档是多么可悲(读取不存在)。
# external_attr is 4 bytes in size. The high order two
# bytes represent UNIX permission and file type bits,
# while the low order two contain MS-DOS FAT file
# attributes, most notably bit 4 marking directories.
if node.isfile:
zipinfo.compress_type = ZIP_DEFLATED
zipinfo.external_attr = 0644 << 16L # permissions -r-wr--r--
data = node.get_content().read()
properties = node.get_properties()
if 'svn:special' in properties and \
data.startswith('link '):
data = data[5:]
zipinfo.external_attr |= 0120000 << 16L # symlink file type
zipinfo.compress_type = ZIP_STORED
if 'svn:executable' in properties:
zipinfo.external_attr |= 0755 << 16L # -rwxr-xr-x
zipfile.writestr(zipinfo, data)
elif node.isdir and path:
if not zipinfo.filename.endswith('/'):
zipinfo.filename += '/'
zipinfo.compress_type = ZIP_STORED
zipinfo.external_attr = 040755 << 16L # permissions drwxr-xr-x
zipinfo.external_attr |= 0x10 # MS-DOS directory flag
zipfile.writestr(zipinfo, '')
此外,此链接具有以下内容。 这里低位字节可能意味着四个字节中最右边(最低)的字节。所以这个是 对于MS-DOS,可能会被假设为零。
外部文件属性:(4个字节)
The mapping of the external attributes is host-system dependent (see 'version made by'). For MS-DOS, the low order byte is the MS-DOS directory attribute byte. If input came from standard input, this field is set to zero.
另外,InfoZIP的zip程序源代码中的源文件unix / unix.c,从下载Debian的档案在评论中有以下内容。
/* lower-middle external-attribute byte (unused until now):
* high bit => (have GMT mod/acc times) >>> NO LONGER USED! <<<
* second-high bit => have Unix UID/GID info
* NOTE: The high bit was NEVER used in any official Info-ZIP release,
* but its future use should be avoided (if possible), since it
* was used as "GMT mod/acc times local extra field" flags in Zip beta
* versions 2.0j up to 2.0v, for about 1.5 years.
*/
所以把所有这些放在一起,看起来实际上只使用了第二高的字节,至少对于Unix来说。
编辑:我在Unix.SX上询问了Unix方面的问题,问题是<!>“; zip格式的外部文件属性 <!> quot;。看起来我有些不对劲。具体来说,前两个字节都用于Unix。之前的答案对我不起作用(在OS X 10.12上)。我发现除了可执行标志(八进制755)之外,我还需要设置<!>“常规文件<!>”;旗帜(八进制100000)。我在这里找到了这个: https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/ 14705 /所述拉链的格式外部的文件属性
一个完整的例子:
zipname = "test.zip"
filename = "test-executable"
zip = zipfile.ZipFile(zipname, 'w', zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED)
f = open(filename, 'r')
bytes = f.read()
f.close()
info = zipfile.ZipInfo(filename)
info.date_time = time.localtime()
info.external_attr = 0100755 << 16L
zip.writestr(info, bytes, zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED)
zip.close()
我的特定用例的完整示例,创建.app的zip,以便文件夹Contents/MacOS/
中的所有内容都是可执行的: https://gist.github.com/Draknek/3ce889860cea4f59838386a79cc11a85
你可以延长 ZipFile
类更改的默认文件的权限:
from zipfile import ZipFile, ZipInfo
import time
class PermissiveZipFile(ZipFile):
def writestr(self, zinfo_or_arcname, data, compress_type=None):
if not isinstance(zinfo_or_arcname, ZipInfo):
zinfo = ZipInfo(filename=zinfo_or_arcname,
date_time=time.localtime(time.time())[:6])
zinfo.compress_type = self.compression
if zinfo.filename[-1] == '/':
zinfo.external_attr = 0o40775 << 16 # drwxrwxr-x
zinfo.external_attr |= 0x10 # MS-DOS directory flag
else:
zinfo.external_attr = 0o664 << 16 # ?rw-rw-r--
else:
zinfo = zinfo_or_arcname
super(PermissiveZipFile, self).writestr(zinfo, data, compress_type)
该示例的变化的默认文件的权限 664
并保持 775
对于目录。
相关代码:
当你这样做的时候,它能正常工作吗?
zf = zipfile.ZipFile("something.zip")
for name in zf.namelist():
f = open(name, 'wb')
f.write(self.read(name))
f.close()
如果没有,我建议在for循环中使用0777权限投入os.chmod
,如下所示:
zf = zipfile.ZipFile("something.zip")
for name in zf.namelist():
f = open(name, 'wb')
f.write(self.read(name))
f.close()
os.chmod(name, 0777)
另请参阅 Python的zipfile模块:
def write(self, filename, arcname=None, compress_type=None):
...
st = os.stat(filename)
...
zinfo = ZipInfo(arcname, date_time)
zinfo.external_attr = (st[0] & 0xFFFF) << 16L # Unix attributes
...
```