Yes, there's a Joomla extension called Chameleon that allows you to trigger different shopper groups based on Joomla user groups. JED: http://extensions.joomla.org/extension/chameleon
You can set up a rule that says ‘Is user in "Premium" user group? If so, put them into "Premium" shopper group’, then set up another similar rule per group.
In this way, RSMembership or other user group components are able to control shopper groups.
The shopper group assignments are done on-the-fly. i.e. they are not added to the user's record in Joomla/VM, but VM treats the user as being in that shopper group, and does pricing/visibility etc accordingly.
Disclosure: I'm the developer of Chameleon.