Deployed ASP.NET MVC 4 Project Won't Run

Question

I deployed an ASP.NET MVC 4 project to my testing server, but it does not seem to run.

Attempting to access the project URL on IIS 7 after deployment attempts to list the directory contents. Checking the folders reveals that all assemblies have been deployed. Enabling directory browsing actually lists the files in the directory and can serve static files.

It's as if my .NET 4.0 application pool is not routing any requests to the controllers.

What could be causing this?