我见过几个类似的问题,但没有一个确切地解决我所问的问题。

我试图签署一个XML,然后使用c#使用公钥验证它。

我用密钥对XML进行签名,然后将密钥导出到XML。然后将密钥和签名的XML带到另一台计算机,使用以下方法导入密钥 rsa.FromXmlString(doc.InnerXml), ,并验证XML签名。

如果我使用以下方法将公钥和私钥导出到XML,则可以使用 rsa.ToXmlString(True).但是,我想只使用我的公钥导出 rsa.ToXmlString(False).如果我只导出公钥并在第二台计算机上导入它并尝试验证XML签名,则表示签名无效。

首先,我应该能够仅使用公钥验证签名的XML吗?

其次,如果这是真的,为什么我的验证XML函数只与pub/priv密钥对一起工作,而不是只与公钥一起工作?

你对如何调试这个问题有什么智慧吗?我不确定还能做什么,因为 signedXml.CheckSignature(Key); 不提供有关失败原因的任何信息。

我的导入密钥,导出密钥,签名XML和验证XML功能如下。如果您需要更多信息,请告诉我。

    public static void ImportKeyFromFile(string ContainerName, string inputFile)
    {
        try
        {
            // Create new XmlDocument.
            XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();

            // Load XML Document.
            doc.Load(inputFile);

            // Create the CspParameters object and set the key container 
            // name used to store the RSA key pair.
            CspParameters cp = new CspParameters();
            cp.KeyContainerName = ContainerName;

            // Create a new instance of RSACryptoServiceProvider that accesses
            // the key container MyKeyContainerName.
            RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider(cp);

            // Get RSA Parameters from xml document.
            rsa.FromXmlString(doc.InnerXml);
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
        }
    }
    public static void ExportKeyToFile(string ContainerName, string outputPath, bool private_key)
    {
        try
        {
            // Create the CspParameters object and set the key container 
            // name used to store the RSA key pair.
            CspParameters cp = new CspParameters();
            cp.KeyContainerName = ContainerName;

            // Create a new instance of RSACryptoServiceProvider that accesses
            // the key container MyKeyContainerName.
            RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider(cp);

            // Create new XmlDocument.
            XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();

            // Store rsa key.
            doc.InnerXml = rsa.ToXmlString(private_key);

            // Save Document.
            doc.Save(outputPath);
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
        }
    }
    public static Boolean VerifyXml(XmlDocument Doc, RSA Key)
    {
        // Check arguments. 
        if (Doc == null)
            throw new ArgumentException("Doc");
        if (Key == null)
            throw new ArgumentException("Key");

        // Create a new SignedXml object and pass it 
        // the XML document class.
        SignedXml signedXml = new SignedXml(Doc);

        // Find the "Signature" node and create a new 
        // XmlNodeList object.
        XmlNodeList nodeList = Doc.GetElementsByTagName("Signature");

        // Throw an exception if no signature was found. 
        if (nodeList.Count <= 0)
        {
            throw new CryptographicException("Verification failed: No Signature was found in the document.");
        }

        // Load the first <signature> node.  
        signedXml.LoadXml((XmlElement)nodeList[0]);

        // Check the signature and return the result. 
        return signedXml.CheckSignature(Key);
    }
    public static void SignXml(XmlDocument xmlDoc, RSA Key)
    {
        // Check arguments. 
        if (xmlDoc == null)
            throw new ArgumentException("xmlDoc");
        if (Key == null)
            throw new ArgumentException("Key");

        // Create a SignedXml object.
        SignedXml signedXml = new SignedXml(xmlDoc);

        // Add the key to the SignedXml document.
        signedXml.SigningKey = Key;

        // Create a reference to be signed.
        Reference reference = new Reference();
        reference.Uri = "";

        // Add an enveloped transformation to the reference.
        XmlDsigEnvelopedSignatureTransform env = new XmlDsigEnvelopedSignatureTransform();
        reference.AddTransform(env);

        // Add the reference to the SignedXml object.
        signedXml.AddReference(reference);

        // Compute the signature.
        signedXml.ComputeSignature();

        // Get the XML representation of the signature and save 
        // it to an XmlElement object.
        XmlElement xmlDigitalSignature = signedXml.GetXml();

        // Append the element to the XML document.
        xmlDoc.DocumentElement.AppendChild(xmlDoc.ImportNode(xmlDigitalSignature, true));
    }
有帮助吗?

解决方案

问题是因为您无法将公钥存储在密钥容器中。若要仅使用公钥验证签名,应使用以下方法从XML导入密钥 rsa.FromXmlString 然后将rsa直接传递给Verify Signature函数。如果您尝试将公钥存储在密钥容器中并稍后检索它,则最终只会创建一个新密钥。如何在机器级RSA密钥容器中存储公钥

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