-bash：：在 Mac OSX 中启动 shell 时找不到命令

Question

最近我尝试对我的路径进行一些更改 .bash_profile.
在我尝试验证这些更改之后 source .bash_profile 并得到了 -bash: : command not found,
我还注意到，当我打开 shell 时，在执行任何命令之前，它已经处于“-bash:：找不到命令”...
显然，系统没有考虑对 .bash_profile 所做的更改......
请帮忙！我想我把 .bash_profile 弄乱了太多，不知道如何修复它......

.bash_profile的内容：

cat .bash_profile
# Finished adapting your PATH environment variable for use with MacPorts.
export PATH=/opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:$PATH
##
# MacPorts Installer addition on 2014-03-24_at_12:05:55: adding an appropriate PATH variable for use with MacPorts.
### Your previous /Users/usrname/.bash_profile file was backed up as /Users/usrname/.bash_profile.macports-saved_2014-03-24_at_12:05:55
##export PATH="/Users/usrname/anaconda/bin:$PATH"
# added by Anaconda 1.9.1 installer
##Additional binary folders
export PATH=/Users/usrname/TreeTagger/cmd:$PATH
export PATH= /Users/usrname/TreeTagger/bin:$PATH
export UIMA_HOME= $/Users/usrname/apache-uima
export PATH=$PATH:$UIMA_HOME/bin
export HEIDELTIME_HOME='/Users/usrname/Downloads/heideltime-kit/'
export TREETAGGER_HOME='/Users/usrname/TreeTagger'
source $HEIDELTIME_HOME/metadata/setenv

.bash_profile 的更新内容：

cat .bash_profile
# Finished adapting your PATH environment variable for use with MacPorts.
export PATH=/opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:$PATH
##
# MacPorts Installer addition on 2014-03-24_at_12:05:55: adding an appropriate PATH variable for use with MacPorts.
### Your previous /Users/usrname/.bash_profile file was backed up as /Users/usrname/.bash_profile.macports-saved_2014-03-24_at_12:05:55
##export PATH="/Users/usrname/anaconda/bin:$PATH"
# added by Anaconda 1.9.1 installer
##Additional binary folders
export PATH="/Users/usrname/TreeTagger/cmd:$PATH"
export PATH="/Users/usrname/TreeTagger/bin:$PATH"
export UIMA_HOME="/Users/usrname/apache-uima"
export PATH=$PATH:$UIMA_HOME/bin
export HEIDELTIME_HOME="/Users/usrname/Downloads/heideltime-kit/"
export TREETAGGER_HOME="/Users/usrname/TreeTagger"
source $HEIDELTIME_HOME/metadata/setenv

最后引号修正后的完整 shell 输出：

Last login: Thu Jul 31 19:07:05 on ttys000
-bash: : command not found
usr:~ usrname$ cat .bash_profile
# Finished adapting your PATH environment variable for use with MacPorts.
export PATH="/opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:$PATH"
##
# MacPorts Installer addition on 2014-03-24_at_12:05:55: adding an appropriate PATH variable for use with MacPorts.
### Your previous /Users/usrname/.bash_profile file was backed up as /Users/usrname/.bash_profile.macports-saved_2014-03-24_at_12:05:55
##export PATH="/Users/usrname/anaconda/bin:$PATH"
# added by Anaconda 1.9.1 installer
##Additional binary folders
export PATH="/Users/usrname/TreeTagger/cmd:$PATH"
export PATH="/Users/usrname/TreeTagger/bin:$PATH"
export UIMA_HOME="/Users/usrname/apache-uima"
export PATH="$PATH:$UIMA_HOME/bin"
export HEIDELTIME_HOME="/Users/usrname/Downloads/heideltime-kit/"
export TREETAGGER_HOME="/Users/usrname/TreeTagger"
source $HEIDELTIME_HOME/metadata/setenv


usr:~ usrname$ source .bash_profile
-bash: : command not found

使用 echo 命令编辑：

  cat .bash_profile
# Finished adapting your PATH environment variable for use with MacPorts.
export PATH="/opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:$PATH"
##
# MacPorts Installer addition on 2014-03-24_at_12:05:55: adding an appropriate PATH variable for use with MacPorts.
### Your previous /Users/usrname/.bash_profile file was backed up as /Users/usrname/.bash_profile.macports-saved_2014-03-24_at_12:05:55
##export PATH="/Users/usrname/anaconda/bin:$PATH"
# added by Anaconda 1.9.1 installer
##Additional binary folders
export PATH="/Users/usrname/TreeTagger/cmd:$PATH"
export PATH="/Users/usrname/TreeTagger/bin:$PATH"
export UIMA_HOME="/Users/usrname/apache-uima"
export PATH="$PATH:$UIMA_HOME/bin"
export HEIDELTIME_HOME="/Users/usrname/Downloads/heideltime-kit/"
export TREETAGGER_HOME="/Users/usrname/TreeTagger"
echo before
source $HEIDELTIME_HOME/metadata/setenv
echo after


usr:~ usrname$ source .bash_profile
-bash: : command not found
usr:~ usrname$ echo $PATH
/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/opt/X11/bin

编辑+bash版本：

echo $BASH_VERSION
3.2.51(1)-release
usr:~ usrname$ source ./.bash_profile
-bash: : command not found

在 set -x 添加到 .bash_profile 后编辑 +：

usr:~ usrname$ source ./.bash_profile
++ $'\016'
-bash: : command not found
++ update_terminal_cwd
++ local 'SEARCH= '
++ local REPLACE=%20
++ local PWD_URL=file://usr.local/Users/usrname
++ printf '\e]7;%s\a' file://usr.local/Users/usrname

Answer 1

这行：

export PATH= /Users/usrname/TreeTagger/bin:$PATH

是问题所在。在变量赋值中，包括 export, ，周围不能有空格 =. 。随着空间的增加，它设置 $PATH 到空字符串。

将其更改为：

export PATH=/Users/usrname/TreeTagger/bin:$PATH

为了安全起见，您应该添加双引号：

export PATH="/Users/usrname/TreeTagger/bin:$PATH"

以防万一值中有任何特殊字符 $PATH.

你有同样的问题 UIMA_HOME.

更新 ：

根据后来的评论，您的系统中似乎有一个流浪的控制角色。 .bash_profile. 。和 set -x 它显示为 $'\016'. 。bash 尝试将其视为命令名称，并且毫不奇怪地无法找到它。编辑你的 .bash_profile 并删除该字符。

（无论如何，其他错误都需要纠正。）