Java静态与非静态使用这个和事件处理程序

Question

我想了解Java的事件处理程序和不断收到错误类型为类型（静态/非静态的）创建方法。一些代码，我试着写是这样的：

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.io.*;

public class Main extends JFrame implements ActionListener{

  static private int[] intArray = new int[10000];
  static private int numOfInts = 0;
  static private int avg = 0;

  public static void main(String[] args) {

    //create main frame
    JFrame frame = new JFrame();
    frame.setTitle("Section V, question 2");
    frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    frame.setSize(350, 250);
    frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(4, 1));
    frame.setVisible(true);

  //create instruction label and add to frame
  Label instructions = new Label("Follow the instructions on the exam to use this program");
  frame.add(instructions);

  //create textfield for index entry and add to frame
  JTextField indexEntry = new JTextField();
  frame.add(indexEntry);

  //create button for average and add to frame
  JButton avgBtn = new JButton("Click for Average");
  frame.add(avgBtn);
  avgBtn.addActionListener(avgBtn);

  //create panel to display results and add to frame
  JPanel resultsPanel = new JPanel();
  resultsPanel.setBackground(Color.BLUE);
  frame.add(resultsPanel);

  //read in from file
  readFromFile();

  //compute average
  computeAverage();

  System.out.println(avg);

}

static private void readFromFile(){
  try{
    // Open the file that is the first
    // command line parameter
    FileInputStream fstream = new FileInputStream("numbers.dat");
    // Get the object of DataInputStream
    DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(fstream);
    BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
    String strLine;
    //Read File Line By Line
    int i = 0;
    while ((strLine = br.readLine()) != null)   {
      // Print the content on the console
      System.out.println (strLine);
      intArray[i] = Integer.parseInt(strLine);
      numOfInts++;
      i++;
    }
    //Close the input stream
    in.close();
    System.out.println ("numOfInts = " + numOfInts);
  }
  catch (Exception e){//Catch exception if any
    System.err.println("Error: " + e.getMessage());
  }
}

static private void computeAverage(){
  int sum = 0;

  for(int i = 0; i < numOfInts; i++)
    sum += intArray[i];

  avg = sum/numOfInts;

  //return avg;
}

public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){
      if(e.getSource() == avgBtn){
        computeAverage();
  }
}

}

这是为了设置在从文件中某些整数读取的GUI，然后当按下按钮计算它们的平均值。不过，我不断收到与静态/非静态的东西，事件左撇子问题。我现在的错误是：点击     Main.java:35：addActionListener方法（java.awt.event.ActionListener）在javax.swing.AbstractButton中不能被施加到（javax.swing.JButton中），点击       avgBtn.addActionListener（avgBtn）;

Main.java:91：找不到符号，点击   符号：变量avgBtn结果   位置：类主要结果             如果（e.getSource（）== avgBtn）{

据我所知，编译器无法找到avgBtn，因为它的另一个功能（Main（）方法）中定义的，但任何人都可以阐明如何将事件处理程序附加给它一些轻？试图“这”无果也...在此先感谢，如果你看到什么都错了，我很想听听我怎么可以做的更好。

Answer 1

您的代码是有点混乱，如果编译会有更多的语法错误。 你不应该混合摆动/ AWT组件，例如：而不是使用标签使用的JLabel在摇摆，对面板使用的JPanel

注意为摆动的“J”字头的，你应该也许读书，如果你想要更多的了解关于Java（秋千），甚至读了一些基本的教程。

除非你了解它的目的，不要使用静态方法。

总之这里是你想要的最接近的代码：

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.io.*;
public class Main extends JFrame implements ActionListener {
    private int[] intArray = new int[10000];
    private int numOfInts = 0;
    private int avg = 0;

    protected JButton avgBtn;
    protected JTextField indexEntry;
    protected JLabel instructions;
    protected JPanel resultsPanel;

    //constructor - construct the components here and do the initializations
    public Main(){
        //create main frame     
        this.setTitle("Section V, question 2");
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        this.setSize(350, 250);
        this.setLayout(new GridLayout(4, 1));
        //this.setVisible(true);

        //create instruction label and add to frame
        instructions = new JLabel("Follow the instructions on the exam to use this program");
        this.add(instructions);

        //create textfield for index entry and add to frame
        indexEntry = new JTextField();
        this.add(indexEntry);

        //create button for average and add to frame
        avgBtn = new JButton("Click for Average");
        this.add(avgBtn);
        avgBtn.addActionListener(this);

        //create panel to display results and add to frame
        resultsPanel = new JPanel();
        resultsPanel.setBackground(Color.BLUE);
        this.add(resultsPanel);

        //read in from file
        readFromFile();

        //compute average
        computeAverage();
        System.out.println(avg);
    }

    private void readFromFile() {
        try {
            // Open the file that is the first
            // command line parameter
            FileInputStream fstream = new FileInputStream("numbers.dat");
            // Get the object of DataInputStream
            DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(fstream);
            BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
            String strLine;
            //Read File Line By Line
            int i = 0;
            while ((strLine = br.readLine()) != null) {
                // Print the content on the console
                System.out.println (strLine);
                intArray[i] = Integer.parseInt(strLine);
                numOfInts++;
                i++;
            }
            //Close the input stream
            in.close();
            System.out.println ("numOfInts = " + numOfInts);
        }
        catch (Exception e) {
            //Catch exception if any
            System.err.println("Error: " + e.getMessage());
        }
    }
    private void computeAverage() {
        int sum = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < numOfInts; i++)
        sum += intArray[i];
        avg = sum/numOfInts;
        //return avg;
    }

    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        if(e.getSource() == avgBtn) {
            computeAverage();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Main m = new Main();
        m.setVisible(true);
    }
}