如何将 XML 作为 POST 传递到 ASP MVC .NET 中的 ActionResult
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12-09-2019 - |
题
我正在尝试为我的 ASP MVC 项目提供一个简单的 RESTful API。我无法控制此 API 的客户端,它们将通过 POST 方法传递 XML,该方法将包含在服务器端执行某些操作所需的信息,并返回带有操作结果的 XML。我在发回 XML 时没有遇到问题,问题是通过 POST 接收 XML。我看过一些 JSON 示例,但由于我不会控制我的客户端(从我的角度来看,它甚至可能是 telnet),我认为 JSON 不起作用。我对么?
我见过这样的例子:客户端简单地构建正确的表单格式作为请求正文的一部分,然后 ASP 解析消息,数据以 FormCollection 形式提供(?param1=value1¶m2=value2&等)。但是,我想将纯 XML 作为消息正文的一部分传递。
感谢您的帮助,
解决方案 2
这可以通过使用ActionFilterAttribute来完成。操作过滤器基本上前或操作结果后相交的请求。所以,我只是专为POST行为所产生的自定义操作过滤属性。这里是我做过什么:
public class RestAPIAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute
{
public override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext filterContext)
{
HttpContextBase httpContext = filterContext.HttpContext;
if (!httpContext.IsPostNotification)
{
throw new InvalidOperationException("Only POST messages allowed on this resource");
}
Stream httpBodyStream = httpContext.Request.InputStream;
if (httpBodyStream.Length > int.MaxValue)
{
throw new ArgumentException("HTTP InputStream too large.");
}
int streamLength = Convert.ToInt32(httpBodyStream.Length);
byte[] byteArray = new byte[streamLength];
const int startAt = 0;
/*
* Copies the stream into a byte array
*/
httpBodyStream.Read(byteArray, startAt, streamLength);
/*
* Convert the byte array into a string
*/
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 0; i < streamLength; i++)
{
sb.Append(Convert.ToChar(byteArray[i]));
}
string xmlBody = sb.ToString();
//Sends XML Data To Model so it could be available on the ActionResult
base.OnActionExecuting(filterContext);
}
}
然后在您的控制器上的操作结果的方法,你应该做的是这样的:
[RestAPIAttribute]
public ActionResult MyActionResult()
{
//Gets XML Data From Model and do whatever you want to do with it
}
希望这有助于别人,如果你觉得有更优雅的方式做到这一点,让我知道。
其他提示
@Freddy - 喜欢你的方法和用下面的代码就可以改进,以简化流读出:
public override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext filterContext)
{
HttpContextBase httpContext = filterContext.HttpContext;
if (!httpContext.IsPostNotification)
{
throw new InvalidOperationException("Only POST messages allowed on this resource");
}
Stream httpBodyStream = httpContext.Request.InputStream;
if (httpBodyStream.Length > int.MaxValue)
{
throw new ArgumentException("HTTP InputStream too large.");
}
StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(httpBodyStream, Encoding.UTF8);
string xmlBody = reader.ReadToEnd();
reader.Close();
filterContext.ActionParameters["message"] = xmlBody;
// Sends XML Data To Model so it could be available on the ActionResult
base.OnActionExecuting(filterContext);
}
然后,在控制器可以访问XML作为字符串:
[RestAPIAttribute]
public ActionResult MyActionResult(string message)
{
}
我知道你可以创建一个自定义值提供程序工厂。这将让你也验证模型时,他们正试图拯救他们之前公布。 菲尔哈克有一个博客帖子大约在同一概念的JSON版本。唯一的问题是,我不知道如何实现这一个同样的事情为XML。
IMO 实现此目的的最佳方法是编写一个自定义值提供程序,这是一个处理请求到表单字典的映射的工厂。您只需继承 ValueProviderFactory 并处理类型为“text/xml”或“application/xml”的请求。
更多信息:
protected override void OnApplicationStarted()
{
AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();
RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
ValueProviderFactories.Factories.Add(new JsonValueProviderFactory());
ValueProviderFactories.Factories.Add(new XmlValueProviderFactory());
}
XmlValueProviderFactory
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Linq;
public class XmlValueProviderFactory : ValueProviderFactory
{
public override IValueProvider GetValueProvider(ControllerContext controllerContext)
{
var deserializedXml = GetDeserializedXml(controllerContext);
if (deserializedXml == null) return null;
var backingStore = new Dictionary<string, object>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
AddToBackingStore(backingStore, string.Empty, deserializedXml.Root);
return new DictionaryValueProvider<object>(backingStore, CultureInfo.CurrentCulture);
}
private static void AddToBackingStore(Dictionary<string, object> backingStore, string prefix, XElement xmlDoc)
{
// Check the keys to see if this is an array or an object
var uniqueElements = new List<String>();
var totalElments = 0;
foreach (XElement element in xmlDoc.Elements())
{
if (!uniqueElements.Contains(element.Name.LocalName))
uniqueElements.Add(element.Name.LocalName);
totalElments++;
}
var isArray = (uniqueElements.Count == 1 && totalElments > 1);
// Add the elements to the backing store
var elementCount = 0;
foreach (XElement element in xmlDoc.Elements())
{
if (element.HasElements)
{
if (isArray)
AddToBackingStore(backingStore, MakeArrayKey(prefix, elementCount), element);
else
AddToBackingStore(backingStore, MakePropertyKey(prefix, element.Name.LocalName), element);
}
else
{
backingStore.Add(MakePropertyKey(prefix, element.Name.LocalName), element.Value);
}
elementCount++;
}
}
private static string MakeArrayKey(string prefix, int index)
{
return prefix + "[" + index.ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture) + "]";
}
private static string MakePropertyKey(string prefix, string propertyName)
{
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(prefix))
return prefix + "." + propertyName;
return propertyName;
}
private XDocument GetDeserializedXml(ControllerContext controllerContext)
{
var contentType = controllerContext.HttpContext.Request.ContentType;
if (!contentType.StartsWith("text/xml", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) &&
!contentType.StartsWith("application/xml", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
return null;
XDocument xml;
try
{
var xmlReader = new XmlTextReader(controllerContext.HttpContext.Request.InputStream);
xml = XDocument.Load(xmlReader);
}
catch (Exception)
{
return null;
}
if (xml.FirstNode == null)//no xml.
return null;
return xml;
}
}
为什么不能传递XML作为在成形后的字符串?
示例:
public ActionResult SendMeXml(string xml)
{
//Parse into a XDocument or something else if you want, and return whatever you want.
XDocument xmlDocument = XDocument.Parse(xml);
return View();
}
您可以创建一个表单提交,并在单一表单字段发送。
我喜欢从@Freddy从@Bowerm答案和改进。它简洁而保留的形式为基础的行动格式。
但IsPostNotification检查不会在生产代码工作。它不检查HTTP动词作为错误信息似乎暗示,它是剥离出来HTTP上下文当编译调试标志设置为false。这是在这里解释: HttpContext.IsPostNotification是假的时,编译调试是假
我希望这可以节省一个人一天的1/2,由于这个问题的调试路线。这里是没有这种检查溶液:
public class XmlApiAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute
{
public override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext filterContext)
{
HttpContextBase httpContext = filterContext.HttpContext;
// Note: for release code IsPostNotification stripped away, so don't check it!
// https://stackoverflow.com/questions/28877619/httpcontext-ispostnotification-is-false-when-compilation-debug-is-false
Stream httpBodyStream = httpContext.Request.InputStream;
if (httpBodyStream.Length > int.MaxValue)
{
throw new ArgumentException("HTTP InputStream too large.");
}
StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(httpBodyStream, Encoding.UTF8);
string xmlBody = reader.ReadToEnd();
reader.Close();
filterContext.ActionParameters["xmlDoc"] = xmlBody;
// Sends XML Data To Model so it could be available on the ActionResult
base.OnActionExecuting(filterContext);
}
}
...
public class MyXmlController
{ ...
[XmlApiAttribute]
public JsonResult PostXml(string xmlDoc)
{
...
尼斯!,
我在控制器的方法有什么目的来操作XML?
我使用这样:
在actionFilter,我填充与模型:
.
.
string xmlBody = sb.ToString();
filterContext.Controller.ViewData.Model = xmlBody;
和我的控制器的方法,我得到的型号为:
string xmlUserResult = ViewData.Model as string;
XmlSerializer ser = new XmlSerializer(typeof(UserDTO));
StringReader stringReader = new StringReader(xmlUserResult);
XmlTextReader xmlReader = new XmlTextReader(stringReader);
UserDTO userToUpdate = ser.Deserialize(xmlReader) as UserDTO;
xmlReader.Close();
stringReader.Close();
这是一个正确实施?
感谢。