自动更新Java时更新Windows路径变量？

Question

这个问题 询问如何在Windows中设置路径变量以包含Java bin目录，允许您从提示符中使用Javac命令。发布到此问题的解决方案指出，您应该硬编码最新Java安装的绝对路径。

在这种情况下，它恰好是 c:\program files\java\jdk1.6.0_16\bin

我相信，一旦Java更新17、18及以后，您的Javac CMD仍将使用此较旧版本，对吗？

我想念什么吗？有没有办法将其设置为自动使用最新安装的Java更新？

Answer 1

我相信，一旦Java更新17、18及以后，您的Javac CMD仍将使用此较旧版本，对吗？

正确的。当Java更新时，更新的是JRE（Java运行时环境）

这会自动设置您的Java插件（在浏览器中使用），并将Java命令设置为最新版本。 （打开终端和类型Java -version）

包含Javac的SDK（Java SDK）是 不是 更改。您必须手动进行。

一种选择是做玛勒所说的话。

我使用Windows中的环境变量进一步走。

mypc/rigthclick/properties/advaced/verventryvariables/

从那里，我将java_home添加到所需的JDK路径（c： jsdk_x_x_x）中，并将路径变量设置为：

 whatever;_it_had;_before;%JAVA_HOME%\bin

有没有办法将其设置为自动使用最新安装的Java更新？

对于JRE，它将被自动设置，对于SDK，您只需要修改系统变量并更改的值 JAVA_HOME

Answer 2

改用Java安装程序设置的变量：

set path="%path%;%JAVA_HOME%\bin"

Answer 3

The following Powershell script works very well for this:

Remove-PathFolders -Folders "*\Java\jdk*" -EnvironmentVariableTarget $([System.EnvironmentVariableTarget]::Machine)
$jdkDp = (Get-ChildItem -Path "C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jdk*" | Sort-Object name | Select-Object -Last 1).FullName
Add-PathFolders -Folders $($jdkDp + "\bin\") -EnvironmentVariableTarget $([System.EnvironmentVariableTarget]::Machine)
Get-PathFolders -EnvironmentVariableTarget $([System.EnvironmentVariableTarget]::Machine)

Which use the following custom functions inspired from here (you can include everything in the same UpdateJavaPath.ps1 script):

<#
.SYNOPSIS
Gets the list of folders specified in the Path environment variable.

.PARAMETER EnvironmentVariableTarget
Specifies the "scope" to use when querying the Path environment variable
("Process", "Machine", or "User"). Defaults to "Process" if the parameter is
not specified.

.EXAMPLE
.\Get-PathFolders.ps1
C:\Windows\system32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\
C:\Windows\system32
C:\Windows
C:\Windows\System32\Wbem
...

Description
-----------
The output from this example lists each folder in the Path environment variable
for the current process.

.EXAMPLE
.\Get-PathFolders.ps1 User
C:\NotBackedUp\Public\Toolbox

Description
-----------
The output from this example assumes one folder
("C:\NotBackedUp\Public\Toolbox") has previously been added to the user's Path
environment variable.
#>
Function Get-PathFolders() {
    param(
        [string] $EnvironmentVariableTarget = "Process")

    Set-StrictMode -Version Latest
    $ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"

    [string[]] $pathFolders = [Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable(
        "Path",
        $EnvironmentVariableTarget) -Split ";"

    If ($pathFolders -ne $null)
    {
        Write-Output $pathFolders
    }
}

<#
.SYNOPSIS
Adds one or more folders to the Path environment variable.

.PARAMETER Folders
Specifies the folders to add to the Path environment variable..

.PARAMETER EnvironmentVariableTarget
Specifies the "scope" to use for the Path environment variable ("Process",
"Machine", or "User"). Defaults to "Process" if the parameter is not specified.

.EXAMPLE
.\Add-PathFolders.ps1 C:\NotBackedUp\Public\Toolbox
#>
Function Add-PathFolders() {
    param(
        [parameter(Mandatory = $true, ValueFromPipeline = $true)]
        [string[]] $Folders,
        [string] $EnvironmentVariableTarget = "Process")

    begin
    {
        Set-StrictMode -Version Latest
        $ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"

        Write-Verbose "Path environment variable target: $EnvironmentVariableTarget"

        [bool] $isInputFromPipeline =
            ($PSBoundParameters.ContainsKey("Folders") -eq $false)

        [int] $foldersAdded = 0

        [string[]] $pathFolders = [Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable(
            "Path",
            $EnvironmentVariableTarget) -Split ";"

        [Collections.ArrayList] $folderList = New-Object Collections.ArrayList

        $pathFolders | foreach {
            $folderList.Add($_) | Out-Null
        }
    }

    process
    {
        If ($isInputFromPipeline -eq $true)
        {
            $items = $_
        }
        Else
        {
            $items = $Folders
        }

        $items | foreach {
            [string] $folder = $_

            [bool] $isFolderInList = $false

            $folderList | foreach {
                If ([string]::Compare($_, $folder, $true) -eq 0)
                {
                    Write-Verbose ("The folder ($folder) is already included" `
                        + " in the Path environment variable.")

                    $isFolderInList = $true
                    return
                }
            }

            If ($isFolderInList -eq $false)
            {
                Write-Verbose ("Adding folder ($folder) to Path environment" `
                    + " variable...")

                $folderList.Add($folder) | Out-Null

                $foldersAdded++
            }
        }
    }

    end
    {
        If ($foldersAdded -eq 0)
        {
            Write-Verbose ("No changes to the Path environment variable are" `
                + " necessary.")

            return
        }

        [string] $delimitedFolders = $folderList -Join ";"

        [Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable(
            "Path",
            $delimitedFolders,
            $EnvironmentVariableTarget)

        Write-Verbose ("Successfully added $foldersAdded folder(s) to Path" `
            + " environment variable.")
    }
}

<#
.SYNOPSIS
Removes one or more folders from the Path environment variable.

.PARAMETER Folders
Specifies the folders to remove from the Path environment variable..

.PARAMETER EnvironmentVariableTarget
Specifies the "scope" to use for the Path environment variable ("Process",
"Machine", or "User"). Defaults to "Process" if the parameter is not specified.

.EXAMPLE
.\Remove-PathFolders.ps1 C:\NotBackedUp\Public\Toolbox
#>
Function Remove-PathFolders(){
    param(
        [parameter(Mandatory = $true, ValueFromPipeline = $true)]
        [string[]] $Folders,
        [string] $EnvironmentVariableTarget = "Process")

    begin
    {
        Set-StrictMode -Version Latest
        $ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"

        Write-Verbose "Path environment variable target: $EnvironmentVariableTarget"

        [bool] $isInputFromPipeline =
            ($PSBoundParameters.ContainsKey("Folders") -eq $false)

        [int] $foldersRemoved = 0

        [string[]] $pathFolders = [Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable(
            "Path",
            $EnvironmentVariableTarget) -Split ";"

        [Collections.ArrayList] $folderList = New-Object Collections.ArrayList

        $pathFolders | foreach {
            $folderList.Add($_) | Out-Null
        }
    }

    process
    {
        If ($isInputFromPipeline -eq $true)
        {
            $items = $_
        }
        Else
        {
            $items = $Folders
        }

        $items | foreach {
            [string] $folder = $_

            [bool] $isFolderInList = $false

            for ([int] $i = 0; $i -lt $folderList.Count; $i++)
            {
                #If ([string]::Compare($folderList[$i], $folder, $true) -eq 0)
                if (($folderList[$i] -like $folder) -or ($folderList[$i] -eq ""))
                {
                    $isFolderInList = $true

                    Write-Verbose ("Removing folder ($folderList[$i]) from Path" `
                        + " environment variable...")

                    $folderList.RemoveAt($i)
                    $i--

                    $foldersRemoved++
                }
            }

            If ($isFolderInList -eq $false)
            {
                Write-Verbose ("The folder ($folder) is not specified in the Path" `
                    + " list.")

            }
        }
    }

    end
    {
        If ($foldersRemoved -eq 0)
        {
            Write-Verbose ("No changes to the Path environment variable are" `
                + " necessary.")

            return
        }

        [string] $delimitedFolders = $folderList -Join ";"

        [Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable(
            "Path",
            $delimitedFolders,
            $EnvironmentVariableTarget)

        Write-Verbose ("Successfully removed $foldersRemoved folder(s) from Path" `
            + " environment variable.")
    }
}