Oracle中如何同时替换多个字符串

Question

我有一个来自表格的字符串，例如“无法付款{1}，因为您的付款{2}将于 {3} 到期”。我想将 {1} 替换为某个值，将 {2} 替换为某个值，将 {3} 替换为某个值。

是否可以实现三合一替换功能？或者有什么方法可以直接编写查询并获取替换值？我想在 Oracle 存储过程中替换这些字符串，原始字符串来自我的一个表，我只是在该表上进行选择

然后我想将该字符串中的 {1},{2},{3} 值替换为我从另一个表中获得的其他值

Answer 1

虽然不是一次调用，但是可以嵌套 replace() 呼叫：

SET mycol = replace( replace(mycol, '{1}', 'myoneval'), '{2}', mytwoval)

Answer 2

如果有许多变量需要替换，并且您将它们放在另一个表中，并且变量的数量是可变的，则可以使用递归 CTE 来替换它们。下面是一个例子。在表 fg_rulez 中，您将字符串及其替换内容放入其中。在表 fg_data 中，您有输入字符串。

set define off;
drop table fg_rulez
create table fg_rulez as 
  select 1 id,'<' symbol, 'less than' text from dual
  union all select 2, '>', 'great than' from dual
  union all select 3, '$', 'dollars' from dual
  union all select 4, '&', 'and' from dual;
drop table fg_data;
create table fg_Data AS(
   SELECT 'amount $ must be < 1 & > 2' str FROM dual
   union all
   SELECT 'John is >  Peter & has many $' str FROM dual
   union all
   SELECT 'Eliana is < mary & do not has many $' str FROM dual

   );


WITH  q(str, id) as (
  SELECT str, 0 id 
  FROM fg_Data 
     UNION ALL
  SELECT replace(q.str,symbol,text), fg_rulez.id
  FROM q 
  JOIN fg_rulez 
    ON q.id = fg_rulez.id - 1
)
SELECT str from q where id = (select max(id) from fg_rulez);

所以，单个 replace.

结果：

amount dollars must be less than 1 and great than 2 
John is great than Peter and has many dollars 
Eliana is less than mary and do not  has many dollars

术语符号而不是变量来自 这个重复的问题。

甲骨文11gR2

Answer 3

如果要替换的值的数量太大或者您需要能够轻松维护它，您还可以拆分字符串，使用字典表，最后聚合结果

在下面的示例中，我假设字符串中的单词用空格分隔，并且字符串中的字数不会大于 100（数据透视表基数）

with Dict as
 (select '{1}' String, 'myfirstval' Repl from dual
   union all
  select '{2}' String, 'mysecondval' Repl from dual
   union all
  select '{3}' String, 'mythirdval' Repl from dual
   union all  
  select '{Nth}' String, 'myNthval' Repl from dual  

 )
,MyStrings as
 (select 'This  is the first example {1} ' Str, 1 strnum from dual
  union all
  select 'In the Second example all values are shown {1} {2} {3} {Nth} ', 2  from dual
  union all
  select '{3} Is the value for the third', 3 from dual
  union all
  select '{Nth} Is the value for the Nth', 4 from dual  
  )
,pivot as (
  Select Rownum Pnum
  From dual
  Connect By Rownum <= 100   
  )
,StrtoRow as
(
SELECT rownum rn
      ,ms.strnum
      ,REGEXP_SUBSTR (Str,'[^ ]+',1,pv.pnum) TXT
  FROM MyStrings ms
      ,pivot pv
where REGEXP_SUBSTR (Str,'[^ ]+',1,pv.pnum) is not null
)
Select Listagg(NVL(Repl,TXT),' ') within group (order by rn) 
from
(
Select sr.TXT, d.Repl, sr.strnum, sr.rn
  from StrtoRow sr
      ,dict d
 where sr.TXT = d.String(+) 
order by strnum, rn 
) group by strnum

Answer 4

让我们只编写与 CTE 相同的示例：

with fg_rulez as (
  select 1 id,'<' symbol, 'less than' text from dual
  union all select 2, '>', 'greater than' from dual
   union all select 3, '$', 'dollars' from dual
  union all select 4, '+', 'and' from dual
),  fg_Data AS (
   SELECT 'amount $ must be < 1 + > 2' str FROM dual
   union all
   SELECT 'John is > Peter + has many $' str FROM dual
   union all
   SELECT 'Eliana is < mary + do not has many $' str FROM dual
), q(str, id) as (
  SELECT str, 0 id 
  FROM fg_Data 
     UNION ALL
  SELECT replace(q.str,symbol,text), fg_rulez.id
  FROM q 
  JOIN fg_rulez 
    ON q.id = fg_rulez.id - 1
)
SELECT str from q where id = (select max(id) from fg_rulez);

Answer 5

如果您在选择内部执行此操作，并且替换值是列，则可以使用字符串连接将其拼凑在一起。