使用 Python 连接到 iPhone 的 APNS

Question

我正在尝试使用 Python 向 iPhone 发送推送通知。我已经导出了我的 证书和私钥 从钥匙串访问转换为 p12 文件，然后使用以下命令将其转换为 pem 文件：

openssl pkcs12 -in cred.p12 -out cert.pem -nodes -clcerts

我在用着 APNSWrapper 在 Python 中进行连接。

我运行以下代码：

deviceToken = 'Qun\xaa\xd ... c0\x9c\xf6\xca' 

# create wrapper
wrapper = APNSNotificationWrapper('/path/to/cert/cert.pem', True)

# create message
message = APNSNotification()
message.token(deviceToken)
message.badge(5)

# add message to tuple and send it to APNS server
wrapper.append(message)
wrapper.notify()

然后我收到错误消息：

ssl.SSLError: (1, '_ssl.c:485: 
error:14094416:SSL routines:SSL3_READ_BYTES:sslv3 alert certificate unknown')

谁能帮我解决这个问题吗？

Answer 1

我最近做此使用Django - 的http：// leecutsco由Matchi.com提供回到/ 2009/07/14 /推入式的-iphone /

可能有用吗？它利用的比那些包括在Python已经没有其他额外的库。不会花费太多提取send_message（）方法进行。

Answer 2

您是否考虑过 扭曲的 包裹？下面的代码摘自 这里:

from struct import pack
from OpenSSL import SSL
from twisted.internet import reactor
from twisted.internet.protocol import ClientFactory, Protocol
from twisted.internet.ssl import ClientContextFactory

APNS_SERVER_HOSTNAME = "<insert the push hostname from your iPhone developer portal>"
APNS_SERVER_PORT = 2195
APNS_SSL_CERTIFICATE_FILE = "<your ssl certificate.pem>"
APNS_SSL_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE = "<your ssl private key.pem>"

class APNSClientContextFactory(ClientContextFactory):
    def __init__(self):
        self.ctx = SSL.Context(SSL.SSLv3_METHOD)
        self.ctx.use_certificate_file(APNS_SSL_CERTIFICATE_FILE)
        self.ctx.use_privatekey_file(APNS_SSL_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE)

    def getContext(self):
        return self.ctx

class APNSProtocol(Protocol):
    def sendMessage(self, deviceToken, payload):
        # notification messages are binary messages in network order
        # using the following format:
        # <1 byte command> <2 bytes length><token> <2 bytes length><payload>
        fmt = "!cH32cH%dc" % len(payload)
        command = 0
        msg = struct.pack(fmt, command, deviceToken,
                          len(payload), payload)
        self.transport.write(msg)

class APNSClientFactory(ClientFactory):
    def buildProtocol(self, addr):
        print "Connected to APNS Server %s:%u" % (addr.host, addr.port)
        return APNSProtocol()

    def clientConnectionLost(self, connector, reason):
        print "Lost connection. Reason: %s" % reason

    def clientConnectionFailed(self, connector, reason):
        print "Connection failed. Reason: %s" % reason

if __name__ == '__main__':
    reactor.connectSSL(APNS_SERVER_HOSTNAME, 
                       APNS_SERVER_PORT,
                       APNSClientFactory(), 
                       APNSClientContextFactory())
    reactor.run()

Answer 3

有在最初发布代码的一些缺陷，所以这里有一个修正版本，为我的作品。

from struct import pack
from OpenSSL import SSL
from twisted.internet import reactor
from twisted.internet.protocol import ClientFactory, Protocol
from twisted.internet.ssl import ClientContextFactory
import binascii
import struct

APNS_SERVER_HOSTNAME = "gateway.sandbox.push.apple.com"
APNS_SERVER_PORT = 2195
APNS_SSL_CERTIFICATE_FILE = "<your ssl certificate.pem>"
APNS_SSL_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE = "<your ssl private key.pem>"
DEVICE_TOKEN = "<hexlified device token>"
MESSAGE = '{"aps":{"alert":"twisted test"}}'

class APNSClientContextFactory(ClientContextFactory):
    def __init__(self):
        self.ctx = SSL.Context(SSL.SSLv3_METHOD)
        self.ctx.use_certificate_file(APNS_SSL_CERTIFICATE_FILE)
        self.ctx.use_privatekey_file(APNS_SSL_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE)

    def getContext(self):
        return self.ctx

class APNSProtocol(Protocol):

    def connectionMade(self):
        print "connection made"
        self.sendMessage(binascii.unhexlify(DEVICE_TOKEN), MESSAGE)
        self.transport.loseConnection()

    def sendMessage(self, deviceToken, payload):
        # notification messages are binary messages in network order
        # using the following format:
        # <1 byte command> <2 bytes length><token> <2 bytes length><payload>
        fmt = "!cH32sH%ds" % len(payload)
        command = '\x00'
        msg = struct.pack(fmt, command, 32, deviceToken,
                          len(payload), payload)
        print "%s: %s" %(binascii.hexlify(deviceToken), binascii.hexlify(msg))
        self.transport.write(msg)

class APNSClientFactory(ClientFactory):
    def buildProtocol(self, addr):
        print "Connected to APNS Server %s:%u" % (addr.host, addr.port)
        return APNSProtocol()

    def clientConnectionLost(self, connector, reason):
        print "Lost connection. Reason: %s" % reason

    def clientConnectionFailed(self, connector, reason):
        print "Connection failed. Reason: %s" % reason

if __name__ == '__main__':
    reactor.connectSSL(APNS_SERVER_HOSTNAME,
                       APNS_SERVER_PORT,
                       APNSClientFactory(),
                       APNSClientContextFactory())
    reactor.run()

Answer 4

尝试更新到最新版本APNSWrapper（0.4）。有内置的支持OpenSSL的命令行工具（OpenSSL的的s_client.First）现在的。

Answer 5

我都尝试过 APNSWrapper 和 Lee Peckham 的代码，但无法让它在带有 Python 2.6 的 Snow Leopard 下工作。经过大量的试验和错误，它终于可以使用 pyOpenSSL.

我已经发表了一篇包含详细信息和代码片段的帖子 这里 所以我会推荐你​​去那里。