找到一个带有 Reflection 的私有字段？

Question

鉴于这门课

class Foo
{
    // Want to find _bar with reflection
    [SomeAttribute]
    private string _bar;

    public string BigBar
    {
        get { return this._bar; }
    }
}

我想找到我将用属性标记的私有项目 _bar。那可能吗？

我已经对属性进行了此操作，我在其中查找了属性，但从未查找私有成员字段。

我需要设置哪些绑定标志来获取私有字段？

Answer 1

使用 BindingFlags.NonPublic 和 BindingFlags.Instance 旗帜

FieldInfo[] fields = myType.GetFields(
                         BindingFlags.NonPublic | 
                         BindingFlags.Instance);

Answer 2

您可以像使用属性一样执行此操作：

FieldInfo fi = typeof(Foo).GetField("_bar", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance);
if (fi.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(SomeAttribute)) != null)
    ...

Answer 3

使用反射获取私有变量的值：

var _barVariable = typeof(Foo).GetField("_bar", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance).GetValue(objectForFooClass);

使用反射设置私有变量的值：

typeof(Foo).GetField("_bar", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance).SetValue(objectForFoocClass, "newValue");

其中 objectForFooClass 是类类型 Foo 的非 null 实例。

Answer 4

在反映私有成员时需要注意的一件事是，如果您的应用程序在中等信任度下运行（例如，当您在共享托管环境上运行时），它不会找到它们 - BindingFlags.NonPublic 选项将被忽略。

Answer 5

typeof(MyType).GetField("fieldName", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance)

Answer 6

带有扩展方法的良好语法

您可以使用如下代码访问任意类型的任何私有字段：

Foo foo = new Foo();
string c = foo.GetFieldValue<string>("_bar");

为此，您需要定义一个扩展方法来为您完成工作：

public static class ReflectionExtensions {
    public static T GetFieldValue<T>(this object obj, string name) {
        // Set the flags so that private and public fields from instances will be found
        var bindingFlags = BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance;
        var field = obj.GetType().GetField(name, bindingFlags);
        return (T)field?.GetValue(obj);
    }
}

Answer 7

我个人使用这个方法

if (typeof(Foo).GetFields(BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance).Any(c => c.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(SomeAttribute), false).Any()))
{ 
    // do stuff
}

Answer 8

是的，但是您需要设置绑定标志来搜索私有字段（如果您正在寻找类实例之外的成员）。

您需要的绑定标志是：System.Reflection.BindingFlags.NonPublic

Answer 9

以下是一些简单获取和设置私有字段和属性（带有 setter 的属性）的扩展方法：

用法示例：

    public class Foo
    {
        private int Bar = 5;
    }

    var targetObject = new Foo();
    var barValue = targetObject.GetMemberValue("Bar");//Result is 5
    targetObject.SetMemberValue("Bar", 10);//Sets Bar to 10

代码：

    /// <summary>
    /// Extensions methos for using reflection to get / set member values
    /// </summary>
    public static class ReflectionExtensions
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Gets the public or private member using reflection.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="obj">The source target.</param>
        /// <param name="memberName">Name of the field or property.</param>
        /// <returns>the value of member</returns>
        public static object GetMemberValue(this object obj, string memberName)
        {
            var memInf = GetMemberInfo(obj, memberName);

            if (memInf == null)
                throw new System.Exception("memberName");

            if (memInf is System.Reflection.PropertyInfo)
                return memInf.As<System.Reflection.PropertyInfo>().GetValue(obj, null);

            if (memInf is System.Reflection.FieldInfo)
                return memInf.As<System.Reflection.FieldInfo>().GetValue(obj);

            throw new System.Exception();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets the public or private member using reflection.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="obj">The target object.</param>
        /// <param name="memberName">Name of the field or property.</param>
        /// <returns>Old Value</returns>
        public static object SetMemberValue(this object obj, string memberName, object newValue)
        {
            var memInf = GetMemberInfo(obj, memberName);


            if (memInf == null)
                throw new System.Exception("memberName");

            var oldValue = obj.GetMemberValue(memberName);

            if (memInf is System.Reflection.PropertyInfo)
                memInf.As<System.Reflection.PropertyInfo>().SetValue(obj, newValue, null);
            else if (memInf is System.Reflection.FieldInfo)
                memInf.As<System.Reflection.FieldInfo>().SetValue(obj, newValue);
            else
                throw new System.Exception();

            return oldValue;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets the member info
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="obj">source object</param>
        /// <param name="memberName">name of member</param>
        /// <returns>instanse of MemberInfo corresponsing to member</returns>
        private static System.Reflection.MemberInfo GetMemberInfo(object obj, string memberName)
        {
            var prps = new System.Collections.Generic.List<System.Reflection.PropertyInfo>();

            prps.Add(obj.GetType().GetProperty(memberName,
                                               System.Reflection.BindingFlags.NonPublic | System.Reflection.BindingFlags.Public | System.Reflection.BindingFlags.Instance |
                                               System.Reflection.BindingFlags.FlattenHierarchy));
            prps = System.Linq.Enumerable.ToList(System.Linq.Enumerable.Where( prps,i => !ReferenceEquals(i, null)));
            if (prps.Count != 0)
                return prps[0];

            var flds = new System.Collections.Generic.List<System.Reflection.FieldInfo>();

            flds.Add(obj.GetType().GetField(memberName,
                                            System.Reflection.BindingFlags.NonPublic | System.Reflection.BindingFlags.Instance |
                                            System.Reflection.BindingFlags.FlattenHierarchy));

            //to add more types of properties

            flds = System.Linq.Enumerable.ToList(System.Linq.Enumerable.Where(flds, i => !ReferenceEquals(i, null)));

            if (flds.Count != 0)
                return flds[0];

            return null;
        }

        [System.Diagnostics.DebuggerHidden]
        private static T As<T>(this object obj)
        {
            return (T)obj;
        }
    }

Answer 10

我在谷歌搜索时发现了这个，所以我意识到我正在碰触旧帖子。但是 GetCustomAttributes 需要两个参数。

typeof(Foo).GetFields(BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance)
.Where(x => x.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(SomeAttribute), false).Length > 0);

第二个参数指定是否要搜索继承层次结构