如何保持从复制的路径变量在csh
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02-07-2019 - |
题
它是典型的有像这样的东西在你的cshrc文件,用于设置的路径:
set path = ( . $otherpath $path )
但是,路径得到重复时,你来源您cshrc文件多次,你怎么防止重复工作?
编辑:这是一个不洁的方式这样做:
set localpaths = ( . $otherpaths )
echo ${path} | egrep -i "$localpaths" >& /dev/null
if ($status != 0) then
set path = ( . $otherpaths $path )
endif
解决方案
您可以使用以下Perl脚本修剪重复项的路径。
#!/usr/bin/perl
#
# ^^ ensure this is pointing to the correct location.
#
# Title: SLimPath
# Author: David "Shoe Lace" Pyke <eselle@users.sourceforge.net >
# : Tim Nelson
# Purpose: To create a slim version of my envirnoment path so as to eliminate
# duplicate entries and ensure that the "." path was last.
# Date Created: April 1st 1999
# Revision History:
# 01/04/99: initial tests.. didn't wok verywell at all
# : retreived path throught '$ENV' call
# 07/04/99: After an email from Tim Nelson <wayland@ne.com.au> got it to
# work.
# : used 'push' to add to array
# : used 'join' to create a delimited string from a list/array.
# 16/02/00: fixed cmd-line options to look/work better
# 25/02/00: made verbosity level-oriented
#
#
use Getopt::Std;
sub printlevel;
$initial_str = "";
$debug_mode = "";
$delim_chr = ":";
$opt_v = 1;
getopts("v:hd:l:e:s:");
OPTS: {
$opt_h && do {
print "\n$0 [-v level] [-d level] [-l delim] ( -e varname | -s strname | -h )";
print "\nWhere:";
print "\n -h This help";
print "\n -d Debug level";
print "\n -l Delimiter (between path vars)";
print "\n -e Specify environment variable (NB: don't include \$ sign)";
print "\n -s String (ie. $0 -s \$PATH:/looser/bin/)";
print "\n -v Verbosity (0 = quiet, 1 = normal, 2 = verbose)";
print "\n";
exit;
};
$opt_d && do {
printlevel 1, "You selected debug level $opt_d\n";
$debug_mode = $opt_d;
};
$opt_l && do {
printlevel 1, "You are going to delimit the string with \"$opt_l\"\n";
$delim_chr = $opt_l;
};
$opt_e && do {
if($opt_s) { die "Cannot specify BOTH env var and string\n"; }
printlevel 1, "Using Environment variable \"$opt_e\"\n";
$initial_str = $ENV{$opt_e};
};
$opt_s && do {
printlevel 1, "Using String \"$opt_s\"\n";
$initial_str = $opt_s;
};
}
if( ($#ARGV != 1) and !$opt_e and !$opt_s){
die "Nothing to work with -- try $0 -h\n";
}
$what = shift @ARGV;
# Split path using the delimiter
@dirs = split(/$delim_chr/, $initial_str);
$dest;
@newpath = ();
LOOP: foreach (@dirs){
# Ensure the directory exists and is a directory
if(! -e ) { printlevel 1, "$_ does not exist\n"; next; }
# If the directory is ., set $dot and go around again
if($_ eq '.') { $dot = 1; next; }
# if ($_ ne `realpath $_`){
# printlevel 2, "$_ becomes ".`realpath $_`."\n";
# }
undef $dest;
#$_=Stdlib::realpath($_,$dest);
# Check for duplicates and dot path
foreach $adir (@newpath) { if($_ eq $adir) {
printlevel 2, "Duplicate: $_\n";
next LOOP;
}}
push @newpath, $_;
}
# Join creates a string from a list/array delimited by the first expression
print join($delim_chr, @newpath) . ($dot ? $delim_chr.".\n" : "\n");
printlevel 1, "Thank you for using $0\n";
exit;
sub printlevel {
my($level, $string) = @_;
if($opt_v >= $level) {
print STDERR $string;
}
}
我希望这很有用。
其他提示
Im惊讶没有人用 tr ":" "\n" | grep -x
技术搜索,如果给定的文件夹已经存在$的道路。任何原因不是吗?
在1行:
if ! $(echo "$PATH" | tr ":" "\n" | grep -qx "$dir") ; then PATH=$PATH:$dir ; fi
这里是一个功能我已经做了自己添加几个文件夹在一次$PATH(使用"aaa:bbb:ccc"的符号作为参数),检查每一重复之前添加:
append_path()
{
local SAVED_IFS="$IFS"
local dir
IFS=:
for dir in $1 ; do
if ! $( echo "$PATH" | tr ":" "\n" | grep -qx "$dir" ) ; then
PATH=$PATH:$dir
fi
done
IFS="$SAVED_IFS"
}
它可以被称为在一个脚本是这样的:
append_path "/test:$HOME/bin:/example/my dir/space is not an issue"
它具有以下优点:
- 没有bashisms或任何壳-特定语法。它完美地运行与
!#/bin/sh
(我已经测试了划线) - 多个文件夹,可以添加一次
- 没有排序,保存文件夹了
- 交易完美的空间,在文件夹的名字
- 一个测试工作无论如果$文件夹是在页首我们,结束,中间,或是唯一的文件夹在$PATH(从而避免了测试x:*,*:x, :x:, x,因为许多解决方案在这里,隐含地做的)
- 工作(和保护)如果$PATH开始或结束":",或者具有"::"它(意目前的文件夹)
- 没有
awk
或sed
需要。 - EPA友好;)原IFS值是保留,而所有其他变量是本地的功能范围。
希望这可以帮助!
好吧,不是在csh中,但这就是我在bash中将$ HOME / bin附加到我的路径...
case $PATH in
*:$HOME/bin | *:$HOME/bin:* ) ;;
*) export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
esac
季节尝试... 我在十年的大部分时间里一直在使用以下(Bourne / Korn / POSIX / Bash)脚本:
: "@(#)$Id: clnpath.sh,v 1.6 1999/06/08 23:34:07 jleffler Exp $"
#
# Print minimal version of $PATH, possibly removing some items
case $# in
0) chop=""; path=${PATH:?};;
1) chop=""; path=$1;;
2) chop=$2; path=$1;;
*) echo "Usage: `basename $0 .sh` [$PATH [remove:list]]" >&2
exit 1;;
esac
# Beware of the quotes in the assignment to chop!
echo "$path" |
${AWK:-awk} -F: '#
BEGIN { # Sort out which path components to omit
chop="'"$chop"'";
if (chop != "") nr = split(chop, remove); else nr = 0;
for (i = 1; i <= nr; i++)
omit[remove[i]] = 1;
}
{
for (i = 1; i <= NF; i++)
{
x=$i;
if (x == "") x = ".";
if (omit[x] == 0 && path[x]++ == 0)
{
output = output pad x;
pad = ":";
}
}
print output;
}'
在Korn shell中,我使用:
export PATH=$(clnpath /new/bin:/other/bin:$PATH /old/bin:/extra/bin)
这使得PATH包含前面的新目录和其他bin目录,以及主路径值中每个目录名的一个副本,除了旧的和额外的bin目录已经删除了bin。
你必须将它改编为C shell(对不起 - 但我非常相信 C Shell编程被认为是有害的)。首先,你不必使用冒号分隔符,所以生活实际上更容易。
好吧,如果您不关心路径的顺序,您可以执行以下操作:
set path=(`echo $path | tr ' ' '\n' | sort | uniq | tr '\n' ' '`)
这将对您的路径进行排序并删除任何相同的额外路径。如果你有 。在你的路径中,你可能想用grep -v删除它并在最后重新添加它。
这是一个没有排序的长单行:
设置路径=(echo $path | tr ' ' '\n' | perl -e 'while (<>) { print $_ unless $s{$_}++; }' | tr '\n' ' '
)
dr_peper,
我通常更喜欢坚持我所生活的shell的脚本功能。使它更具可移植性。所以,我喜欢使用csh脚本编写的解决方案。我只是将它扩展到本地目录中的每个目录,以使其适合我自己。
foreach dir ( $localdirs ) echo ${path} | egrep -i "$dir" >& /dev/null if ($status != 0) then set path = ( $dir $path ) endif end
使用sed(1)删除重复项。
$ PATH=$(echo $PATH | sed -e 's/$/:/;s/^/:/;s/:/::/g;:a;s#\(:[^:]\{1,\}:\)\(.*\)\1#\1\2#g;ta;s/::*/:/g;s/^://;s/:$//;')
这将删除第一个实例后的重复项,这可能是您想要的,也可能不是,例如:
$ NEWPATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/bin:/bin
$ echo $NEWPATH | sed -e 's/$/:/; s/^/:/; s/:/::/g; :a; s#\(:[^:]\{1,\}:\)\(.*\)\1#\1\2#g; t a; s/::*/:/g; s/^://; s/:$//;'
/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin
$
享受!
以下是我使用的内容 - 也许其他人会发现它很有用:
#!/bin/csh
# ABSTRACT
# /bin/csh function-like aliases for manipulating environment
# variables containing paths.
#
# BUGS
# - These *MUST* be single line aliases to avoid parsing problems apparently related
# to if-then-else
# - Aliases currently perform tests in inefficient in order to avoid parsing problems
# - Extremely fragile - use bash instead!!
#
# AUTHOR
# J. P. Abelanet - 11/11/10
# Function-like alias to add a path to the front of an environment variable
# containing colon (':') delimited paths, without path duplication
#
# Usage: prepend_path ENVVARIABLE /path/to/prepend
alias prepend_path \
'set arg2="\!:2"; if ($?\!:1 == 0) setenv \!:1 "$arg2"; if ($?\!:1 && $\!:1 !~ {,*:}"$arg2"{:*,}) setenv \!:1 "$arg2":"$\!:1";'
# Function-like alias to add a path to the back of any environment variable
# containing colon (':') delimited paths, without path duplication
#
# Usage: append_path ENVVARIABLE /path/to/append
alias append_path \
'set arg2="\!:2"; if ($?\!:1 == 0) setenv \!:1 "$arg2"; if ($?\!:1 && $\!:1 !~ {,*:}"$arg2"{:*,}) setenv \!:1 "$\!:1":"$arg2";'
我总是在.cshrc中从头开始设置我的路径。 那是我从一个基本路径开始,如:
set path = (. ~/bin /bin /usr/bin /usr/ucb /usr/bin/X11)
(取决于系统)。
然后做:
set path = ($otherPath $path)
添加更多内容
我和原始问题有同样的需要。 基于您以前的答案,我在Korn / POSIX / Bash中使用过:
export PATH=$(perl -e 'print join ":", grep {!$h{$_}++} split ":", "'$otherpath:$PATH\")
我很难直接在csh中翻译它(csh转义规则很疯狂)。我曾经使用过(正如dr_pepper建议的那样):
set path = ( `echo $otherpath $path | tr ' ' '\n' | perl -ne 'print $_ unless $h{$_}++' | tr '\n' ' '`)
您是否有更多简化(减少管道数量)的想法?