如何可以外的关键制约被暂时禁止使用T-SQL?
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/159038
-
03-07-2019 - |
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被禁用，并使外国主要制约因素支持在SQL服务器？或是我的唯一选择 drop 然后 重新create 的约束呢？
解决方案
如果要禁用数据库中的所有约束，只需运行以下代码：
-- disable all constraints
EXEC sp_MSforeachtable "ALTER TABLE ? NOCHECK CONSTRAINT all"
要重新打开它们，请运行:(打印是可选的，当然只是列出表格）
-- enable all constraints
exec sp_MSforeachtable @command1="print '?'", @command2="ALTER TABLE ? WITH CHECK CHECK CONSTRAINT all"
我发现将数据从一个数据库填充到另一个数据库时很有用。这比删除约束要好得多。正如您所提到的，在将所有数据放入数据库并重新填充数据库时（例如在测试环境中），它非常方便。
如果要删除所有可能找到的数据此解决方案有用。
有时候禁用所有触发器也很方便，你可以看到完整的解决方案此处。
其他提示
http://www.sqljunkies.com/网络日志/罗马/存档/ 2005/01/30 / 7037.aspx
-- Disable all table constraints
ALTER TABLE MyTable NOCHECK CONSTRAINT ALL
-- Enable all table constraints
ALTER TABLE MyTable WITH CHECK CHECK CONSTRAINT ALL
-- Disable single constraint
ALTER TABLE MyTable NOCHECK CONSTRAINT MyConstraint
-- Enable single constraint
ALTER TABLE MyTable WITH CHECK CHECK CONSTRAINT MyConstraint
到禁止的约束，你有改变表中的使用 访问
ALTER TABLE [TABLE_NAME] NOCHECK CONSTRAINT [ALL|CONSTRAINT_NAME]
使你必须使用双 检查
ALTER TABLE [TABLE_NAME] WITH CHECK CHECK CONSTRAINT [ALL|CONSTRAINT_NAME]
- 注意到双 检查检查 当启用。
- 所有装置的所有限制表。
一旦完成，如果需要检查的状态，使用这个脚本给名单的约束状态。将是非常有益:
SELECT (CASE
WHEN OBJECTPROPERTY(CONSTID, 'CNSTISDISABLED') = 0 THEN 'ENABLED'
ELSE 'DISABLED'
END) AS STATUS,
OBJECT_NAME(CONSTID) AS CONSTRAINT_NAME,
OBJECT_NAME(FKEYID) AS TABLE_NAME,
COL_NAME(FKEYID, FKEY) AS COLUMN_NAME,
OBJECT_NAME(RKEYID) AS REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME,
COL_NAME(RKEYID, RKEY) AS REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME
FROM SYSFOREIGNKEYS
ORDER BY TABLE_NAME, CONSTRAINT_NAME,REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME, KEYNO
您最好的选择是DROP和CREATE外键约束。
我在这篇文章中没有找到适合我的例子“as-is”，如果外键引用不同的模式，则无法工作，如果外键引用多个列，则另一个不起作用。此脚本同时考虑每个外键的多个模式和多个列。
以下是生成“ADD CONSTRAINT”的脚本。语句，对于多列，它将用逗号分隔它们（确保在执行DROP语句之前保存此输出）：
PRINT N'-- CREATE FOREIGN KEY CONSTRAINTS --';
SET NOCOUNT ON;
SELECT '
PRINT N''Creating '+ const.const_name +'...''
GO
ALTER TABLE ' + const.parent_obj + '
ADD CONSTRAINT ' + const.const_name + ' FOREIGN KEY (
' + const.parent_col_csv + '
) REFERENCES ' + const.ref_obj + '(' + const.ref_col_csv + ')
GO'
FROM (
SELECT QUOTENAME(fk.NAME) AS [const_name]
,QUOTENAME(schParent.NAME) + '.' + QUOTENAME(OBJECT_name(fkc.parent_object_id)) AS [parent_obj]
,STUFF((
SELECT ',' + QUOTENAME(COL_NAME(fcP.parent_object_id, fcp.parent_column_id))
FROM sys.foreign_key_columns AS fcP
WHERE fcp.constraint_object_id = fk.object_id
FOR XML path('')
), 1, 1, '') AS [parent_col_csv]
,QUOTENAME(schRef.NAME) + '.' + QUOTENAME(OBJECT_NAME(fkc.referenced_object_id)) AS [ref_obj]
,STUFF((
SELECT ',' + QUOTENAME(COL_NAME(fcR.referenced_object_id, fcR.referenced_column_id))
FROM sys.foreign_key_columns AS fcR
WHERE fcR.constraint_object_id = fk.object_id
FOR XML path('')
), 1, 1, '') AS [ref_col_csv]
FROM sys.foreign_key_columns AS fkc
INNER JOIN sys.foreign_keys AS fk ON fk.object_id = fkc.constraint_object_id
INNER JOIN sys.objects AS oParent ON oParent.object_id = fkc.parent_object_id
INNER JOIN sys.schemas AS schParent ON schParent.schema_id = oParent.schema_id
INNER JOIN sys.objects AS oRef ON oRef.object_id = fkc.referenced_object_id
INNER JOIN sys.schemas AS schRef ON schRef.schema_id = oRef.schema_id
GROUP BY fkc.parent_object_id
,fkc.referenced_object_id
,fk.NAME
,fk.object_id
,schParent.NAME
,schRef.NAME
) AS const
ORDER BY const.const_name
这是生成“DROP CONSTRAINT”的脚本。语句：
PRINT N'-- DROP FOREIGN KEY CONSTRAINTS --';
SET NOCOUNT ON;
SELECT '
PRINT N''Dropping ' + fk.NAME + '...''
GO
ALTER TABLE [' + sch.NAME + '].[' + OBJECT_NAME(fk.parent_object_id) + ']' + ' DROP CONSTRAINT ' + '[' + fk.NAME + ']
GO'
FROM sys.foreign_keys AS fk
INNER JOIN sys.schemas AS sch ON sch.schema_id = fk.schema_id
ORDER BY fk.NAME
SQL-92标准允许将constaint声明为DEFERRABLE，以便可以在事务范围内延迟（隐式或显式）。遗憾的是，SQL Server仍然缺少这种SQL-92功能。
对我来说，将约束更改为NOCHECK类似于动态更改数据库结构 - 当然是删除约束 - 并且需要避免的事情（例如用户需要增加的权限）。
--Drop and Recreate Foreign Key Constraints
SET NOCOUNT ON
DECLARE @table TABLE(
RowId INT PRIMARY KEY IDENTITY(1, 1),
ForeignKeyConstraintName NVARCHAR(200),
ForeignKeyConstraintTableSchema NVARCHAR(200),
ForeignKeyConstraintTableName NVARCHAR(200),
ForeignKeyConstraintColumnName NVARCHAR(200),
PrimaryKeyConstraintName NVARCHAR(200),
PrimaryKeyConstraintTableSchema NVARCHAR(200),
PrimaryKeyConstraintTableName NVARCHAR(200),
PrimaryKeyConstraintColumnName NVARCHAR(200)
)
INSERT INTO @table(ForeignKeyConstraintName, ForeignKeyConstraintTableSchema, ForeignKeyConstraintTableName, ForeignKeyConstraintColumnName)
SELECT
U.CONSTRAINT_NAME,
U.TABLE_SCHEMA,
U.TABLE_NAME,
U.COLUMN_NAME
FROM
INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE U
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS C
ON U.CONSTRAINT_NAME = C.CONSTRAINT_NAME
WHERE
C.CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY'
UPDATE @table SET
PrimaryKeyConstraintName = UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME
FROM
@table T
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS R
ON T.ForeignKeyConstraintName = R.CONSTRAINT_NAME
UPDATE @table SET
PrimaryKeyConstraintTableSchema = TABLE_SCHEMA,
PrimaryKeyConstraintTableName = TABLE_NAME
FROM @table T
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS C
ON T.PrimaryKeyConstraintName = C.CONSTRAINT_NAME
UPDATE @table SET
PrimaryKeyConstraintColumnName = COLUMN_NAME
FROM @table T
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE U
ON T.PrimaryKeyConstraintName = U.CONSTRAINT_NAME
--SELECT * FROM @table
--DROP CONSTRAINT:
SELECT
'
ALTER TABLE [' + ForeignKeyConstraintTableSchema + '].[' + ForeignKeyConstraintTableName + ']
DROP CONSTRAINT ' + ForeignKeyConstraintName + '
GO'
FROM
@table
--ADD CONSTRAINT:
SELECT
'
ALTER TABLE [' + ForeignKeyConstraintTableSchema + '].[' + ForeignKeyConstraintTableName + ']
ADD CONSTRAINT ' + ForeignKeyConstraintName + ' FOREIGN KEY(' + ForeignKeyConstraintColumnName + ') REFERENCES [' + PrimaryKeyConstraintTableSchema + '].[' + PrimaryKeyConstraintTableName + '](' + PrimaryKeyConstraintColumnName + ')
GO'
FROM
@table
GO
我同意你的看法，哈姆林。当您使用SSIS传输数据或想要复制数据时，似乎必须暂时禁用或删除外键约束，然后重新启用或重新创建它们。在这些情况下，引用完整性不是问题，因为它已在源数据库中维护。因此，您可以放心这件事。
SET NOCOUNT ON
DECLARE @table TABLE(
RowId INT PRIMARY KEY IDENTITY(1, 1),
ForeignKeyConstraintName NVARCHAR(200),
ForeignKeyConstraintTableSchema NVARCHAR(200),
ForeignKeyConstraintTableName NVARCHAR(200),
ForeignKeyConstraintColumnName NVARCHAR(200),
PrimaryKeyConstraintName NVARCHAR(200),
PrimaryKeyConstraintTableSchema NVARCHAR(200),
PrimaryKeyConstraintTableName NVARCHAR(200),
PrimaryKeyConstraintColumnName NVARCHAR(200),
UpdateRule NVARCHAR(100),
DeleteRule NVARCHAR(100)
)
INSERT INTO @table(ForeignKeyConstraintName, ForeignKeyConstraintTableSchema, ForeignKeyConstraintTableName, ForeignKeyConstraintColumnName)
SELECT
U.CONSTRAINT_NAME,
U.TABLE_SCHEMA,
U.TABLE_NAME,
U.COLUMN_NAME
FROM
INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE U
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS C
ON U.CONSTRAINT_NAME = C.CONSTRAINT_NAME
WHERE
C.CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY'
UPDATE @table SET
T.PrimaryKeyConstraintName = R.UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME,
T.UpdateRule = R.UPDATE_RULE,
T.DeleteRule = R.DELETE_RULE
FROM
@table T
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS R
ON T.ForeignKeyConstraintName = R.CONSTRAINT_NAME
UPDATE @table SET
PrimaryKeyConstraintTableSchema = TABLE_SCHEMA,
PrimaryKeyConstraintTableName = TABLE_NAME
FROM @table T
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS C
ON T.PrimaryKeyConstraintName = C.CONSTRAINT_NAME
UPDATE @table SET
PrimaryKeyConstraintColumnName = COLUMN_NAME
FROM @table T
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE U
ON T.PrimaryKeyConstraintName = U.CONSTRAINT_NAME
--SELECT * FROM @table
SELECT '
BEGIN TRANSACTION
BEGIN TRY'
--DROP CONSTRAINT:
SELECT
'
ALTER TABLE [' + ForeignKeyConstraintTableSchema + '].[' + ForeignKeyConstraintTableName + ']
DROP CONSTRAINT ' + ForeignKeyConstraintName + '
'
FROM
@table
SELECT '
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
ROLLBACK TRANSACTION
RAISERROR(''Operation failed.'', 16, 1)
END CATCH
IF(@@TRANCOUNT != 0)
BEGIN
COMMIT TRANSACTION
RAISERROR(''Operation completed successfully.'', 10, 1)
END
'
--ADD CONSTRAINT:
SELECT '
BEGIN TRANSACTION
BEGIN TRY'
SELECT
'
ALTER TABLE [' + ForeignKeyConstraintTableSchema + '].[' + ForeignKeyConstraintTableName + ']
ADD CONSTRAINT ' + ForeignKeyConstraintName + ' FOREIGN KEY(' + ForeignKeyConstraintColumnName + ') REFERENCES [' + PrimaryKeyConstraintTableSchema + '].[' + PrimaryKeyConstraintTableName + '](' + PrimaryKeyConstraintColumnName + ') ON UPDATE ' + UpdateRule + ' ON DELETE ' + DeleteRule + '
'
FROM
@table
SELECT '
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
ROLLBACK TRANSACTION
RAISERROR(''Operation failed.'', 16, 1)
END CATCH
IF(@@TRANCOUNT != 0)
BEGIN
COMMIT TRANSACTION
RAISERROR(''Operation completed successfully.'', 10, 1)
END'
GO
第一篇文章：）
对于OP，kristof的解决方案将起作用，除非在大删除上存在大量数据和事务日志气球问题。此外，即使使用tlog存储，由于删除了对tlog的写入操作，对于具有数亿行的表，操作可能需要很长时间。
我使用一系列游标来频繁截断并重新加载我们庞大的生产数据库中的大型副本。该解决方案设计了多个模式，多个外键列，最重要的是可以在SSIS中使用。
它涉及创建三个临时表（实际表）以容纳DROP，CREATE和CHECK FK脚本，创建这些脚本并将其插入表中，然后循环遍历表并执行它们。附加的脚本分为四个部分：1。）在三个临时（实际）表中创建和存储脚本，2。通过游标逐个执行drop FK脚本，3。）使用sp_MSforeachtable截断所有除了我们的三个临时表之外的数据库中的表和4.）执行create FK并检查ETL SSIS包末尾的FK脚本。
在SSIS中的“执行SQL”任务中运行脚本创建部分。运行“execute Drop FK Scripts”第二个执行SQL任务中的部分。将截断脚本放在第三个执行SQL任务中，然后在控制流结束时将CREATE和CHECK脚本附加到最终的执行SQL任务（或两个，如果需要）之前，执行您需要执行的任何其他ETL过程。 / p>
当重新应用外键失败时，实际表中脚本的存储已被证明是无价的，因为您可以从sync_CreateFK中选择*，复制/粘贴到查询窗口，一次运行一个，并修复数据一旦找到失败/仍然无法重新申请的问题。
如果脚本失败而不确保在执行此操作之前重新应用所有外键/检查，请不要再次重新运行脚本，否则您很可能会失去一些创建并检查fk脚本作为我们的临时表在创建要执行的脚本之前删除并重新创建。
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1)
/*
Author: Denmach
DateCreated: 2014-04-23
Purpose: Generates SQL statements to DROP, ADD, and CHECK existing constraints for a
database. Stores scripts in tables on target database for execution. Executes
those stored scripts via independent cursors.
DateModified:
ModifiedBy
Comments: This will eliminate deletes and the T-log ballooning associated with it.
*/
DECLARE @schema_name SYSNAME;
DECLARE @table_name SYSNAME;
DECLARE @constraint_name SYSNAME;
DECLARE @constraint_object_id INT;
DECLARE @referenced_object_name SYSNAME;
DECLARE @is_disabled BIT;
DECLARE @is_not_for_replication BIT;
DECLARE @is_not_trusted BIT;
DECLARE @delete_referential_action TINYINT;
DECLARE @update_referential_action TINYINT;
DECLARE @tsql NVARCHAR(4000);
DECLARE @tsql2 NVARCHAR(4000);
DECLARE @fkCol SYSNAME;
DECLARE @pkCol SYSNAME;
DECLARE @col1 BIT;
DECLARE @action CHAR(6);
DECLARE @referenced_schema_name SYSNAME;
--------------------------------Generate scripts to drop all foreign keys in a database --------------------------------
IF OBJECT_ID('dbo.sync_dropFK') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE sync_dropFK
CREATE TABLE sync_dropFK
(
ID INT IDENTITY (1,1) NOT NULL
, Script NVARCHAR(4000)
)
DECLARE FKcursor CURSOR FOR
SELECT
OBJECT_SCHEMA_NAME(parent_object_id)
, OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id)
, name
FROM
sys.foreign_keys WITH (NOLOCK)
ORDER BY
1,2;
OPEN FKcursor;
FETCH NEXT FROM FKcursor INTO
@schema_name
, @table_name
, @constraint_name
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
SET @tsql = 'ALTER TABLE '
+ QUOTENAME(@schema_name)
+ '.'
+ QUOTENAME(@table_name)
+ ' DROP CONSTRAINT '
+ QUOTENAME(@constraint_name)
+ ';';
--PRINT @tsql;
INSERT sync_dropFK (
Script
)
VALUES (
@tsql
)
FETCH NEXT FROM FKcursor INTO
@schema_name
, @table_name
, @constraint_name
;
END;
CLOSE FKcursor;
DEALLOCATE FKcursor;
---------------Generate scripts to create all existing foreign keys in a database --------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
IF OBJECT_ID('dbo.sync_createFK') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE sync_createFK
CREATE TABLE sync_createFK
(
ID INT IDENTITY (1,1) NOT NULL
, Script NVARCHAR(4000)
)
IF OBJECT_ID('dbo.sync_createCHECK') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE sync_createCHECK
CREATE TABLE sync_createCHECK
(
ID INT IDENTITY (1,1) NOT NULL
, Script NVARCHAR(4000)
)
DECLARE FKcursor CURSOR FOR
SELECT
OBJECT_SCHEMA_NAME(parent_object_id)
, OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id)
, name
, OBJECT_NAME(referenced_object_id)
, OBJECT_ID
, is_disabled
, is_not_for_replication
, is_not_trusted
, delete_referential_action
, update_referential_action
, OBJECT_SCHEMA_NAME(referenced_object_id)
FROM
sys.foreign_keys WITH (NOLOCK)
ORDER BY
1,2;
OPEN FKcursor;
FETCH NEXT FROM FKcursor INTO
@schema_name
, @table_name
, @constraint_name
, @referenced_object_name
, @constraint_object_id
, @is_disabled
, @is_not_for_replication
, @is_not_trusted
, @delete_referential_action
, @update_referential_action
, @referenced_schema_name;
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
BEGIN
SET @tsql = 'ALTER TABLE '
+ QUOTENAME(@schema_name)
+ '.'
+ QUOTENAME(@table_name)
+ CASE
@is_not_trusted
WHEN 0 THEN ' WITH CHECK '
ELSE ' WITH NOCHECK '
END
+ ' ADD CONSTRAINT '
+ QUOTENAME(@constraint_name)
+ ' FOREIGN KEY (';
SET @tsql2 = '';
DECLARE ColumnCursor CURSOR FOR
SELECT
COL_NAME(fk.parent_object_id
, fkc.parent_column_id)
, COL_NAME(fk.referenced_object_id
, fkc.referenced_column_id)
FROM
sys.foreign_keys fk WITH (NOLOCK)
INNER JOIN sys.foreign_key_columns fkc WITH (NOLOCK) ON fk.[object_id] = fkc.constraint_object_id
WHERE
fkc.constraint_object_id = @constraint_object_id
ORDER BY
fkc.constraint_column_id;
OPEN ColumnCursor;
SET @col1 = 1;
FETCH NEXT FROM ColumnCursor INTO @fkCol, @pkCol;
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
IF (@col1 = 1)
SET @col1 = 0;
ELSE
BEGIN
SET @tsql = @tsql + ',';
SET @tsql2 = @tsql2 + ',';
END;
SET @tsql = @tsql + QUOTENAME(@fkCol);
SET @tsql2 = @tsql2 + QUOTENAME(@pkCol);
--PRINT '@tsql = ' + @tsql
--PRINT '@tsql2 = ' + @tsql2
FETCH NEXT FROM ColumnCursor INTO @fkCol, @pkCol;
--PRINT 'FK Column ' + @fkCol
--PRINT 'PK Column ' + @pkCol
END;
CLOSE ColumnCursor;
DEALLOCATE ColumnCursor;
SET @tsql = @tsql + ' ) REFERENCES '
+ QUOTENAME(@referenced_schema_name)
+ '.'
+ QUOTENAME(@referenced_object_name)
+ ' ('
+ @tsql2 + ')';
SET @tsql = @tsql
+ ' ON UPDATE '
+
CASE @update_referential_action
WHEN 0 THEN 'NO ACTION '
WHEN 1 THEN 'CASCADE '
WHEN 2 THEN 'SET NULL '
ELSE 'SET DEFAULT '
END
+ ' ON DELETE '
+
CASE @delete_referential_action
WHEN 0 THEN 'NO ACTION '
WHEN 1 THEN 'CASCADE '
WHEN 2 THEN 'SET NULL '
ELSE 'SET DEFAULT '
END
+
CASE @is_not_for_replication
WHEN 1 THEN ' NOT FOR REPLICATION '
ELSE ''
END
+ ';';
END;
-- PRINT @tsql
INSERT sync_createFK
(
Script
)
VALUES (
@tsql
)
-------------------Generate CHECK CONSTRAINT scripts for a database ------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BEGIN
SET @tsql = 'ALTER TABLE '
+ QUOTENAME(@schema_name)
+ '.'
+ QUOTENAME(@table_name)
+
CASE @is_disabled
WHEN 0 THEN ' CHECK '
ELSE ' NOCHECK '
END
+ 'CONSTRAINT '
+ QUOTENAME(@constraint_name)
+ ';';
--PRINT @tsql;
INSERT sync_createCHECK
(
Script
)
VALUES (
@tsql
)
END;
FETCH NEXT FROM FKcursor INTO
@schema_name
, @table_name
, @constraint_name
, @referenced_object_name
, @constraint_object_id
, @is_disabled
, @is_not_for_replication
, @is_not_trusted
, @delete_referential_action
, @update_referential_action
, @referenced_schema_name;
END;
CLOSE FKcursor;
DEALLOCATE FKcursor;
--SELECT * FROM sync_DropFK
--SELECT * FROM sync_CreateFK
--SELECT * FROM sync_CreateCHECK
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------execute Drop FK Scripts --------------------------------------------------
DECLARE @scriptD NVARCHAR(4000)
DECLARE DropFKCursor CURSOR FOR
SELECT Script
FROM sync_dropFK WITH (NOLOCK)
OPEN DropFKCursor
FETCH NEXT FROM DropFKCursor
INTO @scriptD
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
--PRINT @scriptD
EXEC (@scriptD)
FETCH NEXT FROM DropFKCursor
INTO @scriptD
END
CLOSE DropFKCursor
DEALLOCATE DropFKCursor
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------Truncate all tables in the database other than our staging tables --------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
EXEC sp_MSforeachtable 'IF OBJECT_ID(''?'') NOT IN
(
ISNULL(OBJECT_ID(''dbo.sync_createCHECK''),0),
ISNULL(OBJECT_ID(''dbo.sync_createFK''),0),
ISNULL(OBJECT_ID(''dbo.sync_dropFK''),0)
)
BEGIN TRY
TRUNCATE TABLE ?
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
PRINT ''Truncation failed on''+ ? +''
END CATCH;'
GO
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------execute Create FK Scripts and CHECK CONSTRAINT Scripts---------------
----------------------------tack me at the end of the ETL in a SQL task-------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DECLARE @scriptC NVARCHAR(4000)
DECLARE CreateFKCursor CURSOR FOR
SELECT Script
FROM sync_createFK WITH (NOLOCK)
OPEN CreateFKCursor
FETCH NEXT FROM CreateFKCursor
INTO @scriptC
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
--PRINT @scriptC
EXEC (@scriptC)
FETCH NEXT FROM CreateFKCursor
INTO @scriptC
END
CLOSE CreateFKCursor
DEALLOCATE CreateFKCursor
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DECLARE @scriptCh NVARCHAR(4000)
DECLARE CreateCHECKCursor CURSOR FOR
SELECT Script
FROM sync_createCHECK WITH (NOLOCK)
OPEN CreateCHECKCursor
FETCH NEXT FROM CreateCHECKCursor
INTO @scriptCh
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
--PRINT @scriptCh
EXEC (@scriptCh)
FETCH NEXT FROM CreateCHECKCursor
INTO @scriptCh
END
CLOSE CreateCHECKCursor
DEALLOCATE CreateCHECKCursor
WITH CHECK CHECK 几乎肯定需要！
这一点提出了一些问题的答案和意见，但我感到，重要的是足够把它叫出来了。
重新启用一个制约使用的以下命令(没有 WITH CHECK)会有一些 严重的缺点.
ALTER TABLE MyTable CHECK CONSTRAINT MyConstraint;
与检查|与访问
是否指定的表格中的数据是或不是验证 一个新近加入或重新启用外交钥匙或签约束。如果不 指定，与检查是假定新的约束，并与访问 是假定为重新启用的限制。
如果你不想要核实新的检查或外国主要制约因素 对现有数据，使用的访问.我们不推荐这样做 这样，除了在极少数情况下。新的约束将是评估 所有以后的数据更新。任何约束侵犯行为是抑制 通过与访问时的制约因素是增加可能导致未来的更新 失败如果它们更新行的数据不遵守的 约束。
查询优化没有考虑制约因素是定义 与访问.这些制约因素被忽视，直到他们重新启用 通过使用改变表表与检查检查的约束。
注： 与访问是默认的用于重新启用的限制。我想知道为什么...
- 没有现有数据表中将评估在执行该命令的成功完成没有保证，表中的数据是有效的，根据该约束。
- 在下一个更新的记录无效，制约进行评估，并将失败导致错误的可能是无关的实际的更新。
- 应用程序的逻辑依赖的约束，以确保数据是有效的，可能会失败。
- 查询的优化将不使用任何约束，启用这种方式。
的 sys.foreign_keys 系统提供的一些深入的问题。注意，它有两个 is_disabled 和一个 is_not_trusted 列。 is_disabled 指示是否将来的数据处理操作，将进行验证的约束。 is_not_trusted 是否表示所有的数据，目前该表已被验证的约束。
ALTER TABLE MyTable WITH CHECK CHECK CONSTRAINT MyConstraint;
是你的约束可以信任吗？找出...
SELECT * FROM sys.foreign_keys WHERE is_not_trusted = 1;
找到约束
SELECT *
FROM sys.foreign_keys
WHERE referenced_object_id = object_id('TABLE_NAME')
执行此SQL生成的SQL
SELECT
'ALTER TABLE ' + OBJECT_SCHEMA_NAME(parent_object_id) +
'.[' + OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id) +
'] DROP CONSTRAINT ' + name
FROM sys.foreign_keys
WHERE referenced_object_id = object_id('TABLE_NAME')
西夫韦。
注意：添加了删除约束的解决方案，以便可以删除或修改表而不会出现任何约束错误。
右键单击表设计并转到“关系”并在左侧窗格和右侧窗格中选择外键，将“强制外键约束”设置为“是”（以启用外键约束）或“否” '（禁用它）。
标有'905'的答案看起来不错，但不起作用。
以下为我工作。任何主键，唯一键或默认约束 CAN NOT 都将被禁用。事实上，如果'sp_helpconstraint''在status_enabled中显示'n / a' - 意味着它可以 NOT 启用/禁用。
- 生成DISABLE的脚本
select 'ALTER TABLE ' + object_name(id) + ' NOCHECK CONSTRAINT [' + object_name(constid) + ']'
from sys.sysconstraints
where status & 0x4813 = 0x813 order by object_name(id)
- 生成脚本以启用
select 'ALTER TABLE ' + object_name(id) + ' CHECK CONSTRAINT [' + object_name(constid) + ']'
from sys.sysconstraints
where status & 0x4813 = 0x813 order by object_name(id)
您实际上应该能够像暂时禁用其他约束一样禁用外键约束：
Alter table MyTable nocheck constraint FK_ForeignKeyConstraintName
只需确保禁用约束名称中列出的第一个表上的约束。例如，如果我的外键约束是FK_LocationsEmployeesLocationIdEmployeeId，我想使用以下内容：
Alter table Locations nocheck constraint FK_LocationsEmployeesLocationIdEmployeeId
即使违反此约束也会产生错误，该错误不一定表明该表是冲突的来源。
一个脚本来统治它们：这将truncate和delete命令与sp_MSforeachtable相结合，这样你就可以避免删除和重新创建约束 - 只需指定需要删除而不是截断的表，为了我的目的，我已经包含了一个额外的模式过滤器以获得良好的测量结果（在2008r2中测试）
declare @schema nvarchar(max) = 'and Schema_Id=Schema_id(''Value'')'
declare @deletiontables nvarchar(max) = '(''TableA'',''TableB'')'
declare @truncateclause nvarchar(max) = @schema + ' and o.Name not in ' + + @deletiontables;
declare @deleteclause nvarchar(max) = @schema + ' and o.Name in ' + @deletiontables;
exec sp_MSforeachtable 'alter table ? nocheck constraint all', @whereand=@schema
exec sp_MSforeachtable 'truncate table ?', @whereand=@truncateclause
exec sp_MSforeachtable 'delete from ?', @whereand=@deleteclause
exec sp_MSforeachtable 'alter table ? with check check constraint all', @whereand=@schema
您可以暂时禁用表的约束，执行工作，然后重建它们。
这是一种简单的方法......
禁用所有索引，包括主键，这将禁用所有外键，然后只重新启用主键，以便您可以使用它们...
DECLARE @sql AS NVARCHAR(max)=''
select @sql = @sql +
'ALTER INDEX ALL ON [' + t.[name] + '] DISABLE;'+CHAR(13)
from
sys.tables t
where type='u'
select @sql = @sql +
'ALTER INDEX ' + i.[name] + ' ON [' + t.[name] + '] REBUILD;'+CHAR(13)
from
sys.key_constraints i
join
sys.tables t on i.parent_object_id=t.object_id
where
i.type='PK'
exec dbo.sp_executesql @sql;
go
[做点什么，比如加载数据]
然后重新启用并重建索引......
DECLARE @sql AS NVARCHAR(max)=''
select @sql = @sql +
'ALTER INDEX ALL ON [' + t.[name] + '] REBUILD;'+CHAR(13)
from
sys.tables t
where type='u'
exec dbo.sp_executesql @sql;
go
如果您有兴趣，我有一个更有用的版本。我从这里提取了一些代码链接不再有效的代码。我修改它以允许存储过程中的表数组，并在执行所有表之前填充drop，truncate，add语句。这使您可以控制决定哪些表需要截断。
/****** Object: UserDefinedTableType [util].[typ_objects_for_managing] Script Date: 03/04/2016 16:42:55 ******/
CREATE TYPE [util].[typ_objects_for_managing] AS TABLE(
[schema] [sysname] NOT NULL,
[object] [sysname] NOT NULL
)
GO
create procedure [util].[truncate_table_with_constraints]
@objects_for_managing util.typ_objects_for_managing readonly
--@schema sysname
--,@table sysname
as
--select
-- @table = 'TABLE',
-- @schema = 'SCHEMA'
declare @exec_table as table (ordinal int identity (1,1), statement nvarchar(4000), primary key (ordinal));
--print '/*Drop Foreign Key Statements for ['+@schema+'].['+@table+']*/'
insert into @exec_table (statement)
select
'ALTER TABLE ['+SCHEMA_NAME(o.schema_id)+'].['+ o.name+'] DROP CONSTRAINT ['+fk.name+']'
from sys.foreign_keys fk
inner join sys.objects o
on fk.parent_object_id = o.object_id
where
exists (
select * from @objects_for_managing chk
where
chk.[schema] = SCHEMA_NAME(o.schema_id)
and
chk.[object] = o.name
)
;
--o.name = @table and
--SCHEMA_NAME(o.schema_id) = @schema
insert into @exec_table (statement)
select
'TRUNCATE TABLE ' + src.[schema] + '.' + src.[object]
from @objects_for_managing src
;
--print '/*Create Foreign Key Statements for ['+@schema+'].['+@table+']*/'
insert into @exec_table (statement)
select 'ALTER TABLE ['+SCHEMA_NAME(o.schema_id)+'].['+o.name+'] ADD CONSTRAINT ['+fk.name+'] FOREIGN KEY (['+c.name+'])
REFERENCES ['+SCHEMA_NAME(refob.schema_id)+'].['+refob.name+'](['+refcol.name+'])'
from sys.foreign_key_columns fkc
inner join sys.foreign_keys fk
on fkc.constraint_object_id = fk.object_id
inner join sys.objects o
on fk.parent_object_id = o.object_id
inner join sys.columns c
on fkc.parent_column_id = c.column_id and
o.object_id = c.object_id
inner join sys.objects refob
on fkc.referenced_object_id = refob.object_id
inner join sys.columns refcol
on fkc.referenced_column_id = refcol.column_id and
fkc.referenced_object_id = refcol.object_id
where
exists (
select * from @objects_for_managing chk
where
chk.[schema] = SCHEMA_NAME(o.schema_id)
and
chk.[object] = o.name
)
;
--o.name = @table and
--SCHEMA_NAME(o.schema_id) = @schema
declare @looper int , @total_records int, @sql_exec nvarchar(4000)
select @looper = 1, @total_records = count(*) from @exec_table;
while @looper <= @total_records
begin
select @sql_exec = (select statement from @exec_table where ordinal =@looper)
exec sp_executesql @sql_exec
print @sql_exec
set @looper = @looper + 1
end
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