简单的Java HTTPS server

Question

我需要设立一个真正的轻HTTPS server for a Java应用程序。这是一个模拟器被用于在我们的发展实验室模拟HTTPS连接接受通过一台设备在野外。因为这纯粹是一个轻量级的发展工具，并不用于生产以任何方式在所有的，我很乐意绕过认证并尽可能多的协商，我可以。

我计划使用的 HttpsServer 类Java6SE但我在努力得到它的工作。作为一个试验客户，我的使用 wget 从cygwin命令行(wget https://[address]:[port])但是 wget 报告说，它是"无法建立SSL连接"。

如果我运行 wget 与 -d 选择用于调试它告诉我"SSL handshake失败"。

我花了30分钟谷歌上搜索这一切似乎只是点回到相当没有用的Java6文件，描述的方法，但实际上并没有谈到如何获得不错的事情交谈，或提供任何例代码。

任何人都可以推动我在正确的方向？

Answer 1

我最终用于什么是这样的：

try {
    // Set up the socket address
    InetSocketAddress address = new InetSocketAddress(InetAddress.getLocalHost(), config.getHttpsPort());

    // Initialise the HTTPS server
    HttpsServer httpsServer = HttpsServer.create(address, 0);
    SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");

    // Initialise the keystore
    char[] password = "simulator".toCharArray();
    KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");
    FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("lig.keystore");
    ks.load(fis, password);

    // Set up the key manager factory
    KeyManagerFactory kmf = KeyManagerFactory.getInstance("SunX509");
    kmf.init(ks, password);

    // Set up the trust manager factory
    TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance("SunX509");
    tmf.init(ks);

    // Set up the HTTPS context and parameters
    sslContext.init(kmf.getKeyManagers(), tmf.getTrustManagers(), null);
    httpsServer.setHttpsConfigurator(new HttpsConfigurator(sslContext) {
        public void configure(HttpsParameters params) {
            try {
                // Initialise the SSL context
                SSLContext c = SSLContext.getDefault();
                SSLEngine engine = c.createSSLEngine();
                params.setNeedClientAuth(false);
                params.setCipherSuites(engine.getEnabledCipherSuites());
                params.setProtocols(engine.getEnabledProtocols());

                // Get the default parameters
                SSLParameters defaultSSLParameters = c.getDefaultSSLParameters();
                params.setSSLParameters(defaultSSLParameters);
            } catch (Exception ex) {
                ILogger log = new LoggerFactory().getLogger();
                log.exception(ex);
                log.error("Failed to create HTTPS port");
            }
        }
    });
    LigServer server = new LigServer(httpsServer);
    joinableThreadList.add(server.getJoinableThread());
} catch (Exception exception) {
    log.exception(exception);
    log.error("Failed to create HTTPS server on port " + config.getHttpsPort() + " of localhost");
}

要生成一个密钥存储：

$ keytool -genkeypair -keyalg RSA -alias self_signed -keypass simulator \
  -keystore lig.keystore -storepass simulator

请参阅也这里。

潜在storepass，也keypass的可能是不同的，在这种情况下ks.load和kmf.init必须使用分别storepass，也keypass的，

Answer 2

我更新你的答案为HTTPS服务器（未插座为主）。这可能帮助CSRF和AJAX调用。

import java.io.*;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.lang.*;
import java.net.URL;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpsServer;
import java.security.KeyStore;
import javax.net.ssl.KeyManagerFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManagerFactory;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.*;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLEngine;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLParameters;

import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.net.URLConnection;

import javax.net.ssl.HostnameVerifier;
import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSession;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;

import java.net.InetAddress;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpExchange;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpHandler;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpServer;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpsExchange;

public class SimpleHTTPSServer {

    public static class MyHandler implements HttpHandler {
        @Override
        public void handle(HttpExchange t) throws IOException {
            String response = "This is the response";
            HttpsExchange httpsExchange = (HttpsExchange) t;
            t.getResponseHeaders().add("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");
            t.sendResponseHeaders(200, response.getBytes().length);
            OutputStream os = t.getResponseBody();
            os.write(response.getBytes());
            os.close();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        try {
            // setup the socket address
            InetSocketAddress address = new InetSocketAddress(8000);

            // initialise the HTTPS server
            HttpsServer httpsServer = HttpsServer.create(address, 0);
            SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");

            // initialise the keystore
            char[] password = "password".toCharArray();
            KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");
            FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("testkey.jks");
            ks.load(fis, password);

            // setup the key manager factory
            KeyManagerFactory kmf = KeyManagerFactory.getInstance("SunX509");
            kmf.init(ks, password);

            // setup the trust manager factory
            TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance("SunX509");
            tmf.init(ks);

            // setup the HTTPS context and parameters
            sslContext.init(kmf.getKeyManagers(), tmf.getTrustManagers(), null);
            httpsServer.setHttpsConfigurator(new HttpsConfigurator(sslContext) {
                public void configure(HttpsParameters params) {
                    try {
                        // initialise the SSL context
                        SSLContext context = getSSLContext();
                        SSLEngine engine = context.createSSLEngine();
                        params.setNeedClientAuth(false);
                        params.setCipherSuites(engine.getEnabledCipherSuites());
                        params.setProtocols(engine.getEnabledProtocols());

                        // Set the SSL parameters
                        SSLParameters sslParameters = context.getSupportedSSLParameters();
                        params.setSSLParameters(sslParameters);

                    } catch (Exception ex) {
                        System.out.println("Failed to create HTTPS port");
                    }
                }
            });
            httpsServer.createContext("/test", new MyHandler());
            httpsServer.setExecutor(null); // creates a default executor
            httpsServer.start();

        } catch (Exception exception) {
            System.out.println("Failed to create HTTPS server on port " + 8000 + " of localhost");
            exception.printStackTrace();

        }
    }

}

要创建自签名证书：

keytool -genkeypair -keyalg RSA -alias selfsigned -keystore testkey.jks -storepass password -validity 360 -keysize 2048

Answer 3

只是提醒其他人： com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpsServer 在上述解决方案不是部分的标准。虽然这是 捆绑的 Oracle/们可根据最新的技术提供一些JVM，它不包括在所有Jvm所以这不会工作的框无处不在。

有几个轻型HTTP服务器那里，你可以嵌入在你的应用程序，支持HTTPS和运行上的任何JVM。

他们中的一个 JLHTTP-Java轻HTTP服务器 这是一个很小的一个文件服务器(或~50/35K罐子)没有依赖性。设立密钥库，SSLContext等。类似于上述，因为它也依赖于标准对执行情况，或者可以指定的标准的系统性配置SSL。你可以看到的 常见问题 或代码及其文件的详细信息。

免责声明：我是作者的JLHTTP.你可以检查出来为自己和确定如果它适合你的需要。我希望你能找到它的用:-)

Answer 4

与 ServerSocket

你可以使用的类 HttpsServer 是建立在更加光量： ServerSocket.

单程

以下程序是一个非常简单的、单服务器螺纹听上口8443.消息都进行加密TLS使用的钥匙 ./keystore.jks:

public static void main(String... args) {
    var address = new InetSocketAddress("0.0.0.0", 8443);

    startSingleThreaded(address);
}

public static void startSingleThreaded(InetSocketAddress address) {

    System.out.println("Start single-threaded server at " + address);

    try (var serverSocket = getServerSocket(address)) {

        var encoding = StandardCharsets.UTF_8;

        // This infinite loop is not CPU-intensive since method "accept" blocks
        // until a client has made a connection to the socket
        while (true) {
            try (var socket = serverSocket.accept();
                 // Use the socket to read the client's request
                 var reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
                         socket.getInputStream(), encoding.name()));
                 // Writing to the output stream and then closing it sends
                 // data to the client
                 var writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(
                         socket.getOutputStream(), encoding.name()))
            ) {
                getHeaderLines(reader).forEach(System.out::println);

                writer.write(getResponse(encoding));
                writer.flush();

            } catch (IOException e) {
                System.err.println("Exception while handling connection");
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    } catch (Exception e) {
        System.err.println("Could not create socket at " + address);
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

private static ServerSocket getServerSocket(InetSocketAddress address)
        throws Exception {

    // Backlog is the maximum number of pending connections on the socket,
    // 0 means that an implementation-specific default is used
    int backlog = 0;

    var keyStorePath = Path.of("./keystore.jks");
    char[] keyStorePassword = "pass_for_self_signed_cert".toCharArray();

    // Bind the socket to the given port and address
    var serverSocket = getSslContext(keyStorePath, keyStorePassword)
            .getServerSocketFactory()
            .createServerSocket(address.getPort(), backlog, address.getAddress());

    // We don't need the password anymore → Overwrite it
    Arrays.fill(keyStorePassword, '0');

    return serverSocket;
}

private static SSLContext getSslContext(Path keyStorePath, char[] keyStorePass)
        throws Exception {

    var keyStore = KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");
    keyStore.load(new FileInputStream(keyStorePath.toFile()), keyStorePass);

    var keyManagerFactory = KeyManagerFactory.getInstance("SunX509");
    keyManagerFactory.init(keyStore, keyStorePass);

    var sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
    // Null means using default implementations for TrustManager and SecureRandom
    sslContext.init(keyManagerFactory.getKeyManagers(), null, null);
    return sslContext;
}

private static String getResponse(Charset encoding) {
    var body = "The server says hi 👋\r\n";
    var contentLength = body.getBytes(encoding).length;

    return "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n" +
            String.format("Content-Length: %d\r\n", contentLength) +
            String.format("Content-Type: text/plain; charset=%s\r\n",
                    encoding.displayName()) +
            // An empty line marks the end of the response's header
            "\r\n" +
            body;
}

private static List<String> getHeaderLines(BufferedReader reader)
        throws IOException {
    var lines = new ArrayList<String>();
    var line = reader.readLine();
    // An empty line marks the end of the request's header
    while (!line.isEmpty()) {
        lines.add(line);
        line = reader.readLine();
    }
    return lines;
}

多螺纹

使用多于一个线服务器，可以采用一种 线的游泳池:

public static void startMultiThreaded(InetSocketAddress address) {

    try (var serverSocket = getServerSocket(address)) {

        System.out.println("Started multi-threaded server at " + address);

        // A cached thread pool with a limited number of threads
        var threadPool = newCachedThreadPool(8);

        var encoding = StandardCharsets.UTF_8;

        // This infinite loop is not CPU-intensive since method "accept" blocks
        // until a client has made a connection to the socket
        while (true) {
            try {
                var socket = serverSocket.accept();
                // Create a response to the request on a separate thread to
                // handle multiple requests simultaneously
                threadPool.submit(() -> {

                    try ( // Use the socket to read the client's request
                          var reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
                                  socket.getInputStream(), encoding.name()));
                          // Writing to the output stream and then closing it
                          // sends data to the client
                          var writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(
                                  socket.getOutputStream(), encoding.name()))
                    ) {
                        getHeaderLines(reader).forEach(System.out::println);
                        writer.write(getResponse(encoding));
                        writer.flush();
                        // We're done with the connection → Close the socket
                        socket.close();

                    } catch (Exception e) {
                        System.err.println("Exception while creating response");
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                });
            } catch (IOException e) {
                System.err.println("Exception while handling connection");
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    } catch (Exception e) {
        System.err.println("Could not create socket at " + address);
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

private static ExecutorService newCachedThreadPool(int maximumNumberOfThreads) {
    return new ThreadPoolExecutor(0, maximumNumberOfThreads,
            60L, TimeUnit.SECONDS,
            new SynchronousQueue<>());
}

创建证书

使用 keytool 创建一个自签发的证书(你可以获得一个适当的证书 让我们加密 免费):

keytool -genkeypair -keyalg RSA -alias selfsigned -keystore keystore.jks \
        -storepass pass_for_self_signed_cert \
        -dname "CN=localhost, OU=Developers, O=Bull Bytes, L=Linz, C=AT"

联系服务器

之后开始的服务器连接到它 卷毛:

curl -k https://localhost:8443

这将取消息的服务器：

该服务器说嗨👋

检查协议和密码组成立了由卷和你的服务器

curl -kv https://localhost:8443

使用JAVA11卷7.65.1，这产生

SSL connection使用TLSv1.3/TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384

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