A slot is just a function called by Qt. There is magic in how it's called but it's just a function. Arguments are passed into the signal (just like a regular function) and Qt eventually passes that argument (or more likely a copy of that argument) to the recipient slot. There is logic in Qt where you don't have to pass as many arguments to the slot as you did the signal when defining the connection but that's not for this discussion.
You cannot pass arguments by name in a connection like this.
You can either have your tiles object be a member variable of your class that implements someSlot() or you will have to pass tiles to a signal that is connected to someSlot(const QMap >&)
My recommendation is to make tiles a member variable, not a stack variable