不能截断表，因为它正在引用一个外国的关键制约因素?
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/253849
-
05-07-2019 - |
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使用MSSQL2005，我可以截断表与外国的关键制约因素，如果我第一个截断的儿童表(表与主键的FK关系)?
我知道我可以
- 使用
DELETE没有那里的条款，然后RESEED身份(或者) - 除FK，截断表，并重新创建的FK。
我认为，只要我截断的儿童表之前，父，我很好没有做任何上述选项，但我得到这个错误：
不能截断表TableName，因为它正在引用一个外国的关键制约因素。
解决方案
正确的；你不能截断一个表，其中有一个FK约束。
通常我的过程中为这是：
- 下降的约束
- 小数部分保留表
- 重建的约束。
(所有事务中，当然。)
当然，这只适用，如果 儿童已经被截断。 否则我走不同的路由，完全依赖于什么我的数据看起来像。(太多的变量，来获取到这里。)
原有的海报确定为什么是这种情况;看看 这个答案 更多的细节。
其他提示
DELETE FROM TABLENAME
DBCC CHECKIDENT ('DATABASENAME.dbo.TABLENAME',RESEED, 0)
注意，这是不可能你会怎么想如果你有数以百万计的记录，因为这是非常缓慢。
因 TRUNCATE TABLE 是一个 言指令, 它不能检查看记录是否表中被引用的记录，在儿童表。
这就是为什么 DELETE 工作和 TRUNCATE TABLE 不:因为该数据库能够确保它不被引用的另一记录。
没有 ALTER TABLE
-- Delete all records
DELETE FROM [TableName]
-- Set current ID to "1"
-- If table already contains data, use "0"
-- If table is empty and never insert data, use "1"
-- Use SP https://github.com/reduardo7/TableTruncate
DBCC CHECKIDENT ([TableName], RESEED, [0|1])
存储程序
https://github.com/reduardo7/TableTruncate
注意到 这不可能是什么样的你想想如果你有数以百万计的记录，因为这是非常缓慢。
该方案@denver_citizen提供上述不为我工作，但我喜欢它的精神，所以我修改了一些事情：
- 它存储的过程
- 改变了外键填充和重建
- 原始脚本，截断了所有引用的表格，这可能导致外国的关键侵犯的错误当中引用的表具有其他外国的关键参考文献。这个脚本只截断的表指定为参数。它是由用户，把这存储的过程多次在所有表按正确的顺序
为有益于公众在这里是更新脚本：
CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[truncate_non_empty_table]
@TableToTruncate VARCHAR(64)
AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON
-- GLOBAL VARIABLES
DECLARE @i int
DECLARE @Debug bit
DECLARE @Recycle bit
DECLARE @Verbose bit
DECLARE @TableName varchar(80)
DECLARE @ColumnName varchar(80)
DECLARE @ReferencedTableName varchar(80)
DECLARE @ReferencedColumnName varchar(80)
DECLARE @ConstraintName varchar(250)
DECLARE @CreateStatement varchar(max)
DECLARE @DropStatement varchar(max)
DECLARE @TruncateStatement varchar(max)
DECLARE @CreateStatementTemp varchar(max)
DECLARE @DropStatementTemp varchar(max)
DECLARE @TruncateStatementTemp varchar(max)
DECLARE @Statement varchar(max)
-- 1 = Will not execute statements
SET @Debug = 0
-- 0 = Will not create or truncate storage table
-- 1 = Will create or truncate storage table
SET @Recycle = 0
-- 1 = Will print a message on every step
set @Verbose = 1
SET @i = 1
SET @CreateStatement = 'ALTER TABLE [dbo].[<tablename>] WITH NOCHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [<constraintname>] FOREIGN KEY([<column>]) REFERENCES [dbo].[<reftable>] ([<refcolumn>])'
SET @DropStatement = 'ALTER TABLE [dbo].[<tablename>] DROP CONSTRAINT [<constraintname>]'
SET @TruncateStatement = 'TRUNCATE TABLE [<tablename>]'
-- Drop Temporary tables
IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#FKs') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE #FKs
-- GET FKs
SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id), clm1.name) as ID,
OBJECT_NAME(constraint_object_id) as ConstraintName,
OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id) as TableName,
clm1.name as ColumnName,
OBJECT_NAME(referenced_object_id) as ReferencedTableName,
clm2.name as ReferencedColumnName
INTO #FKs
FROM sys.foreign_key_columns fk
JOIN sys.columns clm1
ON fk.parent_column_id = clm1.column_id
AND fk.parent_object_id = clm1.object_id
JOIN sys.columns clm2
ON fk.referenced_column_id = clm2.column_id
AND fk.referenced_object_id= clm2.object_id
--WHERE OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id) not in ('//tables that you do not wont to be truncated')
WHERE OBJECT_NAME(referenced_object_id) = @TableToTruncate
ORDER BY OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id)
-- Prepare Storage Table
IF Not EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES WHERE TABLE_NAME = 'Internal_FK_Definition_Storage')
BEGIN
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT '1. Creating Process Specific Tables...'
-- CREATE STORAGE TABLE IF IT DOES NOT EXISTS
CREATE TABLE [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage]
(
ID int not null identity(1,1) primary key,
FK_Name varchar(250) not null,
FK_CreationStatement varchar(max) not null,
FK_DestructionStatement varchar(max) not null,
Table_TruncationStatement varchar(max) not null
)
END
ELSE
BEGIN
IF @Recycle = 0
BEGIN
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT '1. Truncating Process Specific Tables...'
-- TRUNCATE TABLE IF IT ALREADY EXISTS
TRUNCATE TABLE [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage]
END
ELSE
PRINT '1. Process specific table will be recycled from previous execution...'
END
IF @Recycle = 0
BEGIN
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT '2. Backing up Foreign Key Definitions...'
-- Fetch and persist FKs
WHILE (@i <= (SELECT MAX(ID) FROM #FKs))
BEGIN
SET @ConstraintName = (SELECT ConstraintName FROM #FKs WHERE ID = @i)
SET @TableName = (SELECT TableName FROM #FKs WHERE ID = @i)
SET @ColumnName = (SELECT ColumnName FROM #FKs WHERE ID = @i)
SET @ReferencedTableName = (SELECT ReferencedTableName FROM #FKs WHERE ID = @i)
SET @ReferencedColumnName = (SELECT ReferencedColumnName FROM #FKs WHERE ID = @i)
SET @DropStatementTemp = REPLACE(REPLACE(@DropStatement,'<tablename>',@TableName),'<constraintname>',@ConstraintName)
SET @CreateStatementTemp = REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(@CreateStatement,'<tablename>',@TableName),'<column>',@ColumnName),'<constraintname>',@ConstraintName),'<reftable>',@ReferencedTableName),'<refcolumn>',@ReferencedColumnName)
SET @TruncateStatementTemp = REPLACE(@TruncateStatement,'<tablename>',@TableName)
INSERT INTO [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage]
SELECT @ConstraintName, @CreateStatementTemp, @DropStatementTemp, @TruncateStatementTemp
SET @i = @i + 1
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT ' > Backing up [' + @ConstraintName + '] from [' + @TableName + ']'
END
END
ELSE
PRINT '2. Backup up was recycled from previous execution...'
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT '3. Dropping Foreign Keys...'
-- DROP FOREING KEYS
SET @i = 1
WHILE (@i <= (SELECT MAX(ID) FROM [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage]))
BEGIN
SET @ConstraintName = (SELECT FK_Name FROM [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage] WHERE ID = @i)
SET @Statement = (SELECT FK_DestructionStatement FROM [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage] WITH (NOLOCK) WHERE ID = @i)
IF @Debug = 1
PRINT @Statement
ELSE
EXEC(@Statement)
SET @i = @i + 1
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT ' > Dropping [' + @ConstraintName + ']'
END
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT '4. Truncating Tables...'
-- TRUNCATE TABLES
-- SzP: commented out as the tables to be truncated might also contain tables that has foreign keys
-- to resolve this the stored procedure should be called recursively, but I dont have the time to do it...
/*
SET @i = 1
WHILE (@i <= (SELECT MAX(ID) FROM [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage]))
BEGIN
SET @Statement = (SELECT Table_TruncationStatement FROM [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage] WHERE ID = @i)
IF @Debug = 1
PRINT @Statement
ELSE
EXEC(@Statement)
SET @i = @i + 1
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT ' > ' + @Statement
END
*/
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT ' > TRUNCATE TABLE [' + @TableToTruncate + ']'
IF @Debug = 1
PRINT 'TRUNCATE TABLE [' + @TableToTruncate + ']'
ELSE
EXEC('TRUNCATE TABLE [' + @TableToTruncate + ']')
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT '5. Re-creating Foreign Keys...'
-- CREATE FOREING KEYS
SET @i = 1
WHILE (@i <= (SELECT MAX(ID) FROM [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage]))
BEGIN
SET @ConstraintName = (SELECT FK_Name FROM [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage] WHERE ID = @i)
SET @Statement = (SELECT FK_CreationStatement FROM [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage] WHERE ID = @i)
IF @Debug = 1
PRINT @Statement
ELSE
EXEC(@Statement)
SET @i = @i + 1
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT ' > Re-creating [' + @ConstraintName + ']'
END
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT '6. Process Completed'
END
使用以下命令删除后的所有行为，表通过使用删除的声明
delete from tablename
DBCC CHECKIDENT ('tablename', RESEED, 0)
编辑：修正法SQL服务器
你可以按照这个步骤，
通过 reseeding table 你可以删除的数据的表格。
delete from table_name
dbcc checkident('table_name',reseed,0)
如果一些错误来然后你必须重新设定初级表。
这是一个脚本我写的，以便自动化处理。我希望这有所帮助。
SET NOCOUNT ON
-- GLOBAL VARIABLES
DECLARE @i int
DECLARE @Debug bit
DECLARE @Recycle bit
DECLARE @Verbose bit
DECLARE @TableName varchar(80)
DECLARE @ColumnName varchar(80)
DECLARE @ReferencedTableName varchar(80)
DECLARE @ReferencedColumnName varchar(80)
DECLARE @ConstraintName varchar(250)
DECLARE @CreateStatement varchar(max)
DECLARE @DropStatement varchar(max)
DECLARE @TruncateStatement varchar(max)
DECLARE @CreateStatementTemp varchar(max)
DECLARE @DropStatementTemp varchar(max)
DECLARE @TruncateStatementTemp varchar(max)
DECLARE @Statement varchar(max)
-- 1 = Will not execute statements
SET @Debug = 0
-- 0 = Will not create or truncate storage table
-- 1 = Will create or truncate storage table
SET @Recycle = 0
-- 1 = Will print a message on every step
set @Verbose = 1
SET @i = 1
SET @CreateStatement = 'ALTER TABLE [dbo].[<tablename>] WITH NOCHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [<constraintname>] FOREIGN KEY([<column>]) REFERENCES [dbo].[<reftable>] ([<refcolumn>])'
SET @DropStatement = 'ALTER TABLE [dbo].[<tablename>] DROP CONSTRAINT [<constraintname>]'
SET @TruncateStatement = 'TRUNCATE TABLE [<tablename>]'
-- Drop Temporary tables
DROP TABLE #FKs
-- GET FKs
SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id), clm1.name) as ID,
OBJECT_NAME(constraint_object_id) as ConstraintName,
OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id) as TableName,
clm1.name as ColumnName,
OBJECT_NAME(referenced_object_id) as ReferencedTableName,
clm2.name as ReferencedColumnName
INTO #FKs
FROM sys.foreign_key_columns fk
JOIN sys.columns clm1
ON fk.parent_column_id = clm1.column_id
AND fk.parent_object_id = clm1.object_id
JOIN sys.columns clm2
ON fk.referenced_column_id = clm2.column_id
AND fk.referenced_object_id= clm2.object_id
WHERE OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id) not in ('//tables that you do not wont to be truncated')
ORDER BY OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id)
-- Prepare Storage Table
IF Not EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES WHERE TABLE_NAME = 'Internal_FK_Definition_Storage')
BEGIN
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT '1. Creating Process Specific Tables...'
-- CREATE STORAGE TABLE IF IT DOES NOT EXISTS
CREATE TABLE [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage]
(
ID int not null identity(1,1) primary key,
FK_Name varchar(250) not null,
FK_CreationStatement varchar(max) not null,
FK_DestructionStatement varchar(max) not null,
Table_TruncationStatement varchar(max) not null
)
END
ELSE
BEGIN
IF @Recycle = 0
BEGIN
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT '1. Truncating Process Specific Tables...'
-- TRUNCATE TABLE IF IT ALREADY EXISTS
TRUNCATE TABLE [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage]
END
ELSE
PRINT '1. Process specific table will be recycled from previous execution...'
END
IF @Recycle = 0
BEGIN
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT '2. Backing up Foreign Key Definitions...'
-- Fetch and persist FKs
WHILE (@i <= (SELECT MAX(ID) FROM #FKs))
BEGIN
SET @ConstraintName = (SELECT ConstraintName FROM #FKs WHERE ID = @i)
SET @TableName = (SELECT TableName FROM #FKs WHERE ID = @i)
SET @ColumnName = (SELECT ColumnName FROM #FKs WHERE ID = @i)
SET @ReferencedTableName = (SELECT ReferencedTableName FROM #FKs WHERE ID = @i)
SET @ReferencedColumnName = (SELECT ReferencedColumnName FROM #FKs WHERE ID = @i)
SET @DropStatementTemp = REPLACE(REPLACE(@DropStatement,'<tablename>',@TableName),'<constraintname>',@ConstraintName)
SET @CreateStatementTemp = REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(@CreateStatement,'<tablename>',@TableName),'<column>',@ColumnName),'<constraintname>',@ConstraintName),'<reftable>',@ReferencedTableName),'<refcolumn>',@ReferencedColumnName)
SET @TruncateStatementTemp = REPLACE(@TruncateStatement,'<tablename>',@TableName)
INSERT INTO [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage]
SELECT @ConstraintName, @CreateStatementTemp, @DropStatementTemp, @TruncateStatementTemp
SET @i = @i + 1
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT ' > Backing up [' + @ConstraintName + '] from [' + @TableName + ']'
END
END
ELSE
PRINT '2. Backup up was recycled from previous execution...'
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT '3. Dropping Foreign Keys...'
-- DROP FOREING KEYS
SET @i = 1
WHILE (@i <= (SELECT MAX(ID) FROM [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage]))
BEGIN
SET @ConstraintName = (SELECT FK_Name FROM [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage] WHERE ID = @i)
SET @Statement = (SELECT FK_DestructionStatement FROM [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage] WITH (NOLOCK) WHERE ID = @i)
IF @Debug = 1
PRINT @Statement
ELSE
EXEC(@Statement)
SET @i = @i + 1
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT ' > Dropping [' + @ConstraintName + ']'
END
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT '4. Truncating Tables...'
-- TRUNCATE TABLES
SET @i = 1
WHILE (@i <= (SELECT MAX(ID) FROM [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage]))
BEGIN
SET @Statement = (SELECT Table_TruncationStatement FROM [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage] WHERE ID = @i)
IF @Debug = 1
PRINT @Statement
ELSE
EXEC(@Statement)
SET @i = @i + 1
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT ' > ' + @Statement
END
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT '5. Re-creating Foreign Keys...'
-- CREATE FOREING KEYS
SET @i = 1
WHILE (@i <= (SELECT MAX(ID) FROM [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage]))
BEGIN
SET @ConstraintName = (SELECT FK_Name FROM [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage] WHERE ID = @i)
SET @Statement = (SELECT FK_CreationStatement FROM [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage] WHERE ID = @i)
IF @Debug = 1
PRINT @Statement
ELSE
EXEC(@Statement)
SET @i = @i + 1
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT ' > Re-creating [' + @ConstraintName + ']'
END
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT '6. Process Completed'
好吧，既然我没有找到 例 的 非常简单 解决方案我用，这是：
- 拉国外的关键；
- 截表
- 重建外交关键
在这里，它说：
1)查找的外国键名，是造成失败(例如：FK_PROBLEM_REASON，用场 ID, 从表 TABLE_OWNING_CONSTRAINT)
2)删除该关键从表：
ALTER TABLE TABLE_OWNING_CONSTRAINT DROP CONSTRAINT FK_PROBLEM_REASON
3)截断想表
TRUNCATE TABLE TABLE_TO_TRUNCATE
4)重新添加的关键，首先表：
ALTER TABLE TABLE_OWNING_CONSTRAINT ADD CONSTRAINT FK_PROBLEM_REASON FOREIGN KEY(ID) REFERENCES TABLE_TO_TRUNCATE (ID)
就是这样。
在其他地方发现的在网络上
EXEC sp_MSForEachTable 'ALTER TABLE ? NOCHECK CONSTRAINT ALL'
EXEC sp_MSForEachTable 'ALTER TABLE ? DISABLE TRIGGER ALL'
-- EXEC sp_MSForEachTable 'DELETE FROM ?' -- Uncomment to execute
EXEC sp_MSForEachTable 'ALTER TABLE ? CHECK CONSTRAINT ALL'
EXEC sp_MSForEachTable 'ALTER TABLE ? ENABLE TRIGGER ALL'
如果我理解正确的话，什么样的你 想 要做到的是要有一个清洁的环境，将设立数据库涉及的集成试验。
我方法这里将会下降整个架构和重建。
原因：
- 你可能已经有一个"创建模式"脚本。重新使用它，用于测试隔离是容易的。
- 创造一个模式是相当快。
- 这种做法，这是很容易设置你的脚本到每个具创建一个新的模式(一个临时名称)，然后你就可以开始运行测试装置并联，使得最慢的一部分，你的测试的速度要快得多。
你不能截断一个表格如果你不降的约束。一个禁止，也不起作用。你需要放下一切。我做了一个脚本，降所有constrainsts然后重建。
一定要包装在一个交易；)
SET NOCOUNT ON
GO
DECLARE @table TABLE(
RowId INT PRIMARY KEY IDENTITY(1, 1),
ForeignKeyConstraintName NVARCHAR(200),
ForeignKeyConstraintTableSchema NVARCHAR(200),
ForeignKeyConstraintTableName NVARCHAR(200),
ForeignKeyConstraintColumnName NVARCHAR(200),
PrimaryKeyConstraintName NVARCHAR(200),
PrimaryKeyConstraintTableSchema NVARCHAR(200),
PrimaryKeyConstraintTableName NVARCHAR(200),
PrimaryKeyConstraintColumnName NVARCHAR(200)
)
INSERT INTO @table(ForeignKeyConstraintName, ForeignKeyConstraintTableSchema, ForeignKeyConstraintTableName, ForeignKeyConstraintColumnName)
SELECT
U.CONSTRAINT_NAME,
U.TABLE_SCHEMA,
U.TABLE_NAME,
U.COLUMN_NAME
FROM
INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE U
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS C
ON U.CONSTRAINT_NAME = C.CONSTRAINT_NAME
WHERE
C.CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY'
UPDATE @table SET
PrimaryKeyConstraintName = UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME
FROM
@table T
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS R
ON T.ForeignKeyConstraintName = R.CONSTRAINT_NAME
UPDATE @table SET
PrimaryKeyConstraintTableSchema = TABLE_SCHEMA,
PrimaryKeyConstraintTableName = TABLE_NAME
FROM @table T
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS C
ON T.PrimaryKeyConstraintName = C.CONSTRAINT_NAME
UPDATE @table SET
PrimaryKeyConstraintColumnName = COLUMN_NAME
FROM @table T
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE U
ON T.PrimaryKeyConstraintName = U.CONSTRAINT_NAME
--DROP CONSTRAINT:
DECLARE @dynSQL varchar(MAX);
DECLARE cur CURSOR FOR
SELECT
'
ALTER TABLE [' + ForeignKeyConstraintTableSchema + '].[' + ForeignKeyConstraintTableName + ']
DROP CONSTRAINT ' + ForeignKeyConstraintName + '
'
FROM
@table
OPEN cur
FETCH cur into @dynSQL
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
exec(@dynSQL)
print @dynSQL
FETCH cur into @dynSQL
END
CLOSE cur
DEALLOCATE cur
---------------------
--HERE GOES YOUR TRUNCATES!!!!!
--HERE GOES YOUR TRUNCATES!!!!!
--HERE GOES YOUR TRUNCATES!!!!!
truncate table your_table
--HERE GOES YOUR TRUNCATES!!!!!
--HERE GOES YOUR TRUNCATES!!!!!
--HERE GOES YOUR TRUNCATES!!!!!
---------------------
--ADD CONSTRAINT:
DECLARE cur2 CURSOR FOR
SELECT
'
ALTER TABLE [' + ForeignKeyConstraintTableSchema + '].[' + ForeignKeyConstraintTableName + ']
ADD CONSTRAINT ' + ForeignKeyConstraintName + ' FOREIGN KEY(' + ForeignKeyConstraintColumnName + ') REFERENCES [' + PrimaryKeyConstraintTableSchema + '].[' + PrimaryKeyConstraintTableName + '](' + PrimaryKeyConstraintColumnName + ')
'
FROM
@table
OPEN cur2
FETCH cur2 into @dynSQL
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
exec(@dynSQL)
print @dynSQL
FETCH cur2 into @dynSQL
END
CLOSE cur2
DEALLOCATE cur2
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;
truncate table "yourTableName";
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;
截断不为我工作，删除+重新设定是最好的出路。在情况有一些你们有谁需要迭代的巨大数量表来执行删除+重新设定，你可能会遇到问题的某些表其没有身份列，下列代码的检查，如果身份列存在之前试图重新设定
EXEC ('DELETE FROM [schemaName].[tableName]')
IF EXISTS (Select * from sys.identity_columns where object_name(object_id) = 'tableName')
BEGIN
EXEC ('DBCC CHECKIDENT ([schemaName.tableName], RESEED, 0)')
END
我写在下面的方式，并试图参数化他们，所以 你可以 运行他们在一个 Query document 或 作一个有用的 SP 他们很容易.
A)删除
如果 您的表 没有数以百万计的记录 这工作好 没有任何改变的命令:
---------------------------------------------------------------
------------------- Just Fill Parameters Value ----------------
---------------------------------------------------------------
DECLARE @DbName AS NVARCHAR(30) = 'MyDb' --< Db Name
DECLARE @Schema AS NVARCHAR(30) = 'dbo' --< Schema
DECLARE @TableName AS NVARCHAR(30) = 'Book' --< Table Name
------------------ /Just Fill Parameters Value ----------------
DECLARE @Query AS NVARCHAR(500) = 'Delete FROM ' + @TableName
EXECUTE sp_executesql @Query
SET @Query=@DbName+'.'+@Schema+'.'+@TableName
DBCC CHECKIDENT (@Query,RESEED, 0)
- 在上述的回答我的方法解决上述问题在这个问题是基于 @s15199d 答案.
B)截断
如果 您的表 有数以百万计的记录 或者你还没有任何问题 改变命令 在你的代码,然后使用这一：
-- Book Student
--
-- | BookId | Field1 | | StudentId | BookId |
-- --------------------- ------------------------
-- | 1 | A | | 2 | 1 |
-- | 2 | B | | 1 | 1 |
-- | 3 | C | | 2 | 3 |
---------------------------------------------------------------
------------------- Just Fill Parameters Value ----------------
---------------------------------------------------------------
DECLARE @DbName AS NVARCHAR(30) = 'MyDb'
DECLARE @Schema AS NVARCHAR(30) = 'dbo'
DECLARE @TableName_ToTruncate AS NVARCHAR(30) = 'Book'
DECLARE @TableName_OfOwnerOfConstraint AS NVARCHAR(30) = 'Student' --< Decelations About FK_Book_Constraint
DECLARE @Ref_ColumnName_In_TableName_ToTruncate AS NVARCHAR(30) = 'BookId' --< Decelations About FK_Book_Constraint
DECLARE @FK_ColumnName_In_TableOfOwnerOfConstraint AS NVARCHAR(30) = 'Fk_BookId' --< Decelations About FK_Book_Constraint
DECLARE @FK_ConstraintName AS NVARCHAR(30) = 'FK_Book_Constraint' --< Decelations About FK_Book_Constraint
------------------ /Just Fill Parameters Value ----------------
DECLARE @Query AS NVARCHAR(2000)
SET @Query= 'ALTER TABLE '+@TableName_OfOwnerOfConstraint+' DROP CONSTRAINT '+@FK_ConstraintName
EXECUTE sp_executesql @Query
SET @Query= 'Truncate Table '+ @TableName_ToTruncate
EXECUTE sp_executesql @Query
SET @Query= 'ALTER TABLE '+@TableName_OfOwnerOfConstraint+' ADD CONSTRAINT '+@FK_ConstraintName+' FOREIGN KEY('+@FK_ColumnName_In_TableOfOwnerOfConstraint+') REFERENCES '+@TableName_ToTruncate+'('+@Ref_ColumnName_In_TableName_ToTruncate+')'
EXECUTE sp_executesql @Query
这是我解决这个问题。我用它改变PK，但是，想法一样的。希望这将是有用的)
PRINT 'Script starts'
DECLARE @foreign_key_name varchar(255)
DECLARE @keycnt int
DECLARE @foreign_table varchar(255)
DECLARE @foreign_column_1 varchar(255)
DECLARE @foreign_column_2 varchar(255)
DECLARE @primary_table varchar(255)
DECLARE @primary_column_1 varchar(255)
DECLARE @primary_column_2 varchar(255)
DECLARE @TablN varchar(255)
-->> Type the primary table name
SET @TablN = ''
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------
--Here will be created the temporary table with all reference FKs
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PRINT 'Creating the temporary table'
select cast(f.name as varchar(255)) as foreign_key_name
, r.keycnt
, cast(c.name as varchar(255)) as foreign_table
, cast(fc.name as varchar(255)) as foreign_column_1
, cast(fc2.name as varchar(255)) as foreign_column_2
, cast(p.name as varchar(255)) as primary_table
, cast(rc.name as varchar(255)) as primary_column_1
, cast(rc2.name as varchar(255)) as primary_column_2
into #ConTab
from sysobjects f
inner join sysobjects c on f.parent_obj = c.id
inner join sysreferences r on f.id = r.constid
inner join sysobjects p on r.rkeyid = p.id
inner join syscolumns rc on r.rkeyid = rc.id and r.rkey1 = rc.colid
inner join syscolumns fc on r.fkeyid = fc.id and r.fkey1 = fc.colid
left join syscolumns rc2 on r.rkeyid = rc2.id and r.rkey2 = rc.colid
left join syscolumns fc2 on r.fkeyid = fc2.id and r.fkey2 = fc.colid
where f.type = 'F' and p.name = @TablN
ORDER BY cast(p.name as varchar(255))
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--Cursor, below, will drop all reference FKs
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DECLARE @CURSOR CURSOR
/*Fill in cursor*/
PRINT 'Cursor 1 starting. All refernce FK will be droped'
SET @CURSOR = CURSOR SCROLL
FOR
select foreign_key_name
, keycnt
, foreign_table
, foreign_column_1
, foreign_column_2
, primary_table
, primary_column_1
, primary_column_2
from #ConTab
OPEN @CURSOR
FETCH NEXT FROM @CURSOR INTO @foreign_key_name, @keycnt, @foreign_table, @foreign_column_1, @foreign_column_2,
@primary_table, @primary_column_1, @primary_column_2
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
EXEC ('ALTER TABLE ['+@foreign_table+'] DROP CONSTRAINT ['+@foreign_key_name+']')
FETCH NEXT FROM @CURSOR INTO @foreign_key_name, @keycnt, @foreign_table, @foreign_column_1, @foreign_column_2,
@primary_table, @primary_column_1, @primary_column_2
END
CLOSE @CURSOR
PRINT 'Cursor 1 finished work'
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--Here you should provide the chainging script for the primary table
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PRINT 'Altering primary table begin'
TRUNCATE TABLE table_name
PRINT 'Altering finished'
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--Cursor, below, will add again all reference FKs
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PRINT 'Cursor 2 starting. All refernce FK will added'
SET @CURSOR = CURSOR SCROLL
FOR
select foreign_key_name
, keycnt
, foreign_table
, foreign_column_1
, foreign_column_2
, primary_table
, primary_column_1
, primary_column_2
from #ConTab
OPEN @CURSOR
FETCH NEXT FROM @CURSOR INTO @foreign_key_name, @keycnt, @foreign_table, @foreign_column_1, @foreign_column_2,
@primary_table, @primary_column_1, @primary_column_2
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
EXEC ('ALTER TABLE [' +@foreign_table+ '] WITH NOCHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [' +@foreign_key_name+ '] FOREIGN KEY(['+@foreign_column_1+'])
REFERENCES [' +@primary_table+'] (['+@primary_column_1+'])')
EXEC ('ALTER TABLE [' +@foreign_table+ '] CHECK CONSTRAINT [' +@foreign_key_name+']')
FETCH NEXT FROM @CURSOR INTO @foreign_key_name, @keycnt, @foreign_table, @foreign_column_1, @foreign_column_2,
@primary_table, @primary_column_1, @primary_column_2
END
CLOSE @CURSOR
PRINT 'Cursor 2 finished work'
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PRINT 'Temporary table droping'
drop table #ConTab
PRINT 'Finish'
对于 MS SQL, 至少较新的版本，你可以只是禁止限制了与这样的代码:
ALTER TABLE Orders
NOCHECK CONSTRAINT [FK_dbo.Orders_dbo.Customers_Customer_Id]
GO
TRUNCATE TABLE Customers
GO
ALTER TABLE Orders
WITH CHECK CHECK CONSTRAINT [FK_dbo.Orders_dbo.Customers_Customer_Id]
GO
以下作品对我来说甚至与FK约束，并且综合了以下答案 只有放下规定的表格:
- 交易自动滚
- 循环逗号分开
- 执行动态SQL(与表中的名称变量)
- 删除和重新设定表 (在这个线)
USE [YourDB];
DECLARE @TransactionName varchar(20) = 'stopdropandroll';
BEGIN TRAN @TransactionName;
set xact_abort on; /* automatic rollback https://stackoverflow.com/a/1749788/1037948 */
-- ===== DO WORK // =====
-- dynamic sql placeholder
DECLARE @SQL varchar(300);
-- LOOP: https://stackoverflow.com/a/10031803/1037948
-- list of things to loop
DECLARE @delim char = ';';
DECLARE @foreach varchar(MAX) = 'Table;Names;Separated;By;Delimiter' + @delim + 'AnotherName' + @delim + 'Still Another';
DECLARE @token varchar(MAX);
WHILE len(@foreach) > 0
BEGIN
-- set current loop token
SET @token = left(@foreach, charindex(@delim, @foreach+@delim)-1)
-- ======= DO WORK // ===========
-- dynamic sql (parentheses are required): https://stackoverflow.com/a/989111/1037948
SET @SQL = 'DELETE FROM [' + @token + ']; DBCC CHECKIDENT (''' + @token + ''',RESEED, 0);'; -- https://stackoverflow.com/a/11784890
PRINT @SQL;
EXEC (@SQL);
-- ======= // END WORK ===========
-- continue loop, chopping off token
SET @foreach = stuff(@foreach, 1, charindex(@delim, @foreach+@delim), '')
END
-- ===== // END WORK =====
-- review and commit
SELECT @@TRANCOUNT as TransactionsPerformed, @@ROWCOUNT as LastRowsChanged;
COMMIT TRAN @TransactionName;
注：
我认为这仍然有助于声明发表以你想他们删除(即杀了依赖初)。可以看到 这个答案, 而不是循环的具体的名字，你可以替换所有的表
EXEC sp_MSForEachTable 'DELETE FROM ?; DBCC CHECKIDENT (''?'',RESEED, 0);';
如果没有这些答复的工作就像在我的情况下这样做：
- 下降的限制
- 设定所有价值观，以允许零
- 截表
- 添加的限制被撤销。
祝你好运！
@denver_citizen和@彼得Szanto的答复并没有完全对我的工作，但我修改他们的帐户，用于：
- 复合钥匙
- 删除和更新的行动
- 检查的指标时重新加入
- 模式比其他的dbo
- 多个表的一次
DECLARE @Debug bit = 0;
-- List of tables to truncate
select
SchemaName, Name
into #tables
from (values
('schema', 'table')
,('schema2', 'table2')
) as X(SchemaName, Name)
BEGIN TRANSACTION TruncateTrans;
with foreignKeys AS (
SELECT
SCHEMA_NAME(fk.schema_id) as SchemaName
,fk.Name as ConstraintName
,OBJECT_NAME(fk.parent_object_id) as TableName
,OBJECT_NAME(fk.referenced_object_id) as ReferencedTableName
,fc.constraint_column_id
,COL_NAME(fk.parent_object_id, fc.parent_column_id) AS ColumnName
,COL_NAME(fk.referenced_object_id, fc.referenced_column_id) as ReferencedColumnName
,fk.delete_referential_action_desc
,fk.update_referential_action_desc
FROM sys.foreign_keys AS fk
JOIN sys.foreign_key_columns AS fc
ON fk.object_id = fc.constraint_object_id
JOIN #tables tbl
ON SCHEMA_NAME(fk.schema_id) = tbl.SchemaName
AND OBJECT_NAME(fc.referenced_object_id) = tbl.Name
)
select
quotename(fk.ConstraintName) AS ConstraintName
,quotename(fk.SchemaName) + '.' + quotename(fk.TableName) AS TableName
,quotename(fk.SchemaName) + '.' + quotename(fk.ReferencedTableName) AS ReferencedTableName
,replace(fk.delete_referential_action_desc, '_', ' ') AS DeleteAction
,replace(fk.update_referential_action_desc, '_', ' ') AS UpdateAction
,STUFF((
SELECT ',' + quotename(fk2.ColumnName)
FROM foreignKeys fk2
WHERE fk2.ConstraintName = fk.ConstraintName
ORDER BY fk2.constraint_column_id
FOR XML PATH('')
),1,1,'') AS ColumnNames
,STUFF((
SELECT ',' + quotename(fk2.ReferencedColumnName)
FROM foreignKeys fk2
WHERE fk2.ConstraintName = fk.ConstraintName
ORDER BY fk2.constraint_column_id
FOR XML PATH('')
),1,1,'') AS ReferencedColumnNames
into #FKs
from foreignKeys fk
GROUP BY fk.SchemaName, fk.ConstraintName, fk.TableName, fk.ReferencedTableName, fk.delete_referential_action_desc, fk.update_referential_action_desc
-- Drop FKs
select
identity(int,1,1) as ID,
'ALTER TABLE ' + fk.TableName + ' DROP CONSTRAINT ' + fk.ConstraintName AS script
into #scripts
from #FKs fk
-- Truncate
insert into #scripts
select distinct
'TRUNCATE TABLE ' + fk.TableName AS script
from #FKs fk
-- Recreate
insert into #scripts
select
'ALTER TABLE ' + fk.TableName +
' WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT ' + fk.ConstraintName +
' FOREIGN KEY ('+ fk.ColumnNames +')' +
' REFERENCES ' + fk.ReferencedTableName +' ('+ fk.ReferencedColumnNames +')' +
' ON DELETE ' + fk.DeleteAction + ' ON UPDATE ' + fk.UpdateAction AS script
from #FKs fk
DECLARE @script nvarchar(MAX);
DECLARE curScripts CURSOR FOR
select script
from #scripts
order by ID
OPEN curScripts
WHILE 1=1 BEGIN
FETCH NEXT FROM curScripts INTO @script
IF @@FETCH_STATUS != 0 BREAK;
print @script;
IF @Debug = 0
EXEC (@script);
END
CLOSE curScripts
DEALLOCATE curScripts
drop table #scripts
drop table #FKs
drop table #tables
COMMIT TRANSACTION TruncateTrans;
删除后重设自动增加:
delete from tablename;
然后
ALTER TABLE tablename AUTO_INCREMENT = 1;
在短程，我有图开表示的关键。之后删除的关键和截取的文件，我刷新后的重点回到图和创建一个更新清除后恢复身份的盒子。节省的图带来了节省对话框于一个"改变了在数据库，而你在哪里工作的"对话框击是恢复的关键，恢复它从锁复制的示意图。
如果你这样做在任何种类的频率，到底即使在一个时间表，我会的 绝对的，毫不含糊地永远不会使用一仔细分析后发言。 成本的书面形式向交易日志仅仅是高的，并且设置的整个数据库转 SIMPLE 恢复模式，以截断一个表是荒谬的。
最好的方式，不幸的是，困难或费力的方式。这是：
- 下降的限制
- 截表
- 重新创建的制约
我的过程中这样做涉及以下步骤：
- 在短程上右击表中的问题，并选择 图依赖关系
- 注意到表中引用(如果有的话)
- 回对象的资源管理器，展开 钥匙 节点，并注意到外键(如果有的话)
- 开始脚本(drop/truncate/重新创建)
这种性质的脚本 应该 以内完成 begin tran 和 commit tran 块。
我刚刚发现，你可以使用的截断表在父母表与外国主要制约因素上的儿童只要你禁止的约束 儿童 表第一次。E.g。
外键约束child_par_ref关于儿童表，参考资料PARENT_TABLE
ALTER TABLE CHILD_TABLE DISABLE CONSTRAINT child_par_ref;
TRUNCATE TABLE CHILD_TABLE;
TRUNCATE TABLE PARENT_TABLE;
ALTER TABLE CHILD_TABLE ENABLE CONSTRAINT child_par_ref;
最简单的方法：
1-进入在头文件
2击表名左栏
3击在工作(上菜单)
4击"空表(截)
5-禁止箱"的启用外键检查"
6-完成了！
链接到图像教程
教程： http://www.imageno.com/wz6gv1wuqajrpic.html
(对不起，我没有足够的声誉上传图片在这里:P)
你可以试试 DELETE FROM <your table >;.
服务器会显示你的名称的限制表，并删除该表可以删除，你需要什么。
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;
TRUNCATE table1;
TRUNCATE table2;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=1;
参考- 截外国的关键限制表
为我工作在MYSQL
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