在RGB和HSB颜色值之间切换算法
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4123998
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我读了这篇文章 在RGB和HSB颜色值之间切换算法
Type RGBColor
Red As Byte
Green As Byte
Blue As Byte
End Type
Type HSBColor
Hue As Double
Saturation As Double
Brightness As Double
End Type
Function RGBToHSB(rgb As RGBColor) As HSBColor
Dim minRGB, maxRGB, Delta As Double
Dim h, s, b As Double
h = 0
minRGB = Min(Min(rgb.Red, rgb.Green), rgb.Blue)
maxRGB = Max(Max(rgb.Red, rgb.Green), rgb.Blue)
Delta = (maxRGB - minRGB)
b = maxRGB
If (maxRGB <> 0) Then
s = 255 * Delta / maxRGB
Else
s = 0
End If
If (s <> 0) Then
If rgb.Red = maxRGB Then
h = (CDbl(rgb.Green) - CDbl(rgb.Blue)) / Delta
Else
If rgb.Green = maxRGB Then
h = 2 + (CDbl(rgb.Blue) - CDbl(rgb.Red)) / Delta
Else
If rgb.Blue = maxRGB Then
h = 4 + (CDbl(rgb.Red) - CDbl(rgb.Green)) / Delta
End If
End If
End If
Else
h = -1
End If
h = h * 60
If h < 0 Then h = h + 360
RGBToHSB.Hue = h
RGBToHSB.Saturation = s * 100 / 255
RGBToHSB.Brightness = b * 100 / 255
End Function
Function HSBToRGB(hsb As HSBColor) As RGBColor
Dim maxRGB, Delta As Double
Dim h, s, b As Double
h = hsb.Hue / 60
s = hsb.Saturation * 255 / 100
b = hsb.Brightness * 255 / 100
maxRGB = b
If s = 0 Then
HSBToRGB.Red = 0
HSBToRGB.Green = 0
HSBToRGB.Blue = 0
Else
Delta = s * maxRGB / 255
If h > 3 Then
HSBToRGB.Blue = CByte(Round(maxRGB))
If h > 4 Then
HSBToRGB.Green = CByte(Round(maxRGB - Delta))
HSBToRGB.Red = CByte(Round((h - 4) * Delta)) + HSBToRGB.Green
Else
HSBToRGB.Red = CByte(Round(maxRGB - Delta))
HSBToRGB.Green = CByte(HSBToRGB.Red - Round((h - 4) * Delta))
End If
Else
If h > 1 Then
HSBToRGB.Green = CByte(Round(maxRGB))
If h > 2 Then
HSBToRGB.Red = CByte(Round(maxRGB - Delta))
HSBToRGB.Blue = CByte(Round((h - 2) * Delta)) + HSBToRGB.Red
Else
HSBToRGB.Blue = CByte(Round(maxRGB - Delta))
HSBToRGB.Red = CByte(HSBToRGB.Blue - Round((h - 2) * Delta))
End If
Else
If h > -1 Then
HSBToRGB.Red = CByte(Round(maxRGB))
If h > 0 Then
HSBToRGB.Blue = CByte(Round(maxRGB - Delta))
HSBToRGB.Green = CByte(Round(h * Delta)) + HSBToRGB.Blue
Else
HSBToRGB.Green = CByte(Round(maxRGB - Delta))
HSBToRGB.Blue = CByte(HSBToRGB.Green - Round(h * Delta))
End If
End If
End If
End If
End If
End Function
然后有人张贴了一个错误，但没有详细说明
但是我认为当h超过5时，它需要管理，例如颜色r：130 g：65 b：111
If h > 5 Then
HSBToRGB.Red = CByte(Round(maxRGB))
If h > 6 Then
HSBToRGB.Blue= CByte(Round(maxRGB - Delta))
HSBToRGB.Green= CByte(Round((h - 6) * Delta)) HSBToRGB.Blue
Else
HSBToRGB.Green= CByte(Round(maxRGB - Delta))
HSBToRGB.Blue = CByte(HSBToRGB.Green- Round((h - 6) * Delta))
End If
我需要添加该代码吗？我认为应该进入HSB到RGB（在我的C＃转换中）
...
if (s != 0) {
delta = s * maxRGB / 255;
if (h > 5)
rgb.Red = Convert.ToByte(Math.Round(maxRGB));
if (h > 6)
{
rgb.Green = Convert.ToByte(Math.Round(maxRGB - delta));
rgb.Blue = Convert.ToByte(rgb.Green - Math.Round((h - 6) * delta));
}
if (h > 3)
{
...
另外，应该像上面或
if (h > 6) { }
else if (h > 3) { }
解决方案
使用.NET的颜色对象中内置的方法是不启动器，因为正如几个答案所指出的那样，它们不支持反向（将HSB颜色转换为RGB）。此外， Color.GetBrightness 实际返回 亮度, ，而不是亮度/价值。 HSB/HSV和HSL颜色空间之间的差异存在很多混乱，因为它们的相似之处（维基百科）。我看到许多彩色拾取器最终使用了错误的算法和/或模型。
在我看来，原始代码在计算RGB颜色时会错过一些可能的方案。我很难遵循您正在考虑的代码的添加，但是第一个跳出我的事情（您似乎并不建议纠正）是，当饱和度= 0时，您设置了色调至-1。当您以后将色相乘以60时，您最终会以-60乘以-60，然后将其添加到360（If h < 0 Then h = h + 360），产生300的结果，这是不正确的。
我使用以下代码（在vb.net中）将RGB和HSB（我称为HSV）之间进行转换。结果已经进行了非常广泛的测试，结果实际上与Photoshop的颜色选择器给出的结果（除了对颜色配置文件所做的补偿之外）。发布的代码和我的矿山之间的主要区别（除了计算色调的重要部分）是，我更喜欢将RGB值归一化为0到1之间进行计算，而不是使用0到255之间的原始值。这也消除了您发布的原始代码中的一些效率低下和多次转换。
Public Function RGBtoHSV(ByVal R As Integer, ByVal G As Integer, ByVal B As Integer) As HSV
''# Normalize the RGB values by scaling them to be between 0 and 1
Dim red As Decimal = R / 255D
Dim green As Decimal = G / 255D
Dim blue As Decimal = B / 255D
Dim minValue As Decimal = Math.Min(red, Math.Min(green, blue))
Dim maxValue As Decimal = Math.Max(red, Math.Max(green, blue))
Dim delta As Decimal = maxValue - minValue
Dim h As Decimal
Dim s As Decimal
Dim v As Decimal = maxValue
''# Calculate the hue (in degrees of a circle, between 0 and 360)
Select Case maxValue
Case red
If green >= blue Then
If delta = 0 Then
h = 0
Else
h = 60 * (green - blue) / delta
End If
ElseIf green < blue Then
h = 60 * (green - blue) / delta + 360
End If
Case green
h = 60 * (blue - red) / delta + 120
Case blue
h = 60 * (red - green) / delta + 240
End Select
''# Calculate the saturation (between 0 and 1)
If maxValue = 0 Then
s = 0
Else
s = 1D - (minValue / maxValue)
End If
''# Scale the saturation and value to a percentage between 0 and 100
s *= 100
v *= 100
''# Return a color in the new color space
Return New HSV(CInt(Math.Round(h, MidpointRounding.AwayFromZero)), _
CInt(Math.Round(s, MidpointRounding.AwayFromZero)), _
CInt(Math.Round(v, MidpointRounding.AwayFromZero)))
End Function
您没有将用于从HSB转换为RGB的HSB（我称为HSV）的代码，但这是我使用的，再次使用0到1之间的临时值：
Public Function HSVtoRGB(ByVal H As Integer, ByVal S As Integer, ByVal V As Integer) As RGB
''# Scale the Saturation and Value components to be between 0 and 1
Dim hue As Decimal = H
Dim sat As Decimal = S / 100D
Dim val As Decimal = V / 100D
Dim r As Decimal
Dim g As Decimal
Dim b As Decimal
If sat = 0 Then
''# If the saturation is 0, then all colors are the same.
''# (This is some flavor of gray.)
r = val
g = val
b = val
Else
''# Calculate the appropriate sector of a 6-part color wheel
Dim sectorPos As Decimal = hue / 60D
Dim sectorNumber As Integer = CInt(Math.Floor(sectorPos))
''# Get the fractional part of the sector
''# (that is, how many degrees into the sector you are)
Dim fractionalSector As Decimal = sectorPos - sectorNumber
''# Calculate values for the three axes of the color
Dim p As Decimal = val * (1 - sat)
Dim q As Decimal = val * (1 - (sat * fractionalSector))
Dim t As Decimal = val * (1 - (sat * (1 - fractionalSector)))
''# Assign the fractional colors to red, green, and blue
''# components based on the sector the angle is in
Select Case sectorNumber
Case 0, 6
r = val
g = t
b = p
Case 1
r = q
g = val
b = p
Case 2
r = p
g = val
b = t
Case 3
r = p
g = q
b = val
Case 4
r = t
g = p
b = val
Case 5
r = val
g = p
b = q
End Select
End If
''# Scale the red, green, and blue values to be between 0 and 255
r *= 255
g *= 255
b *= 255
''# Return a color in the new color space
Return New RGB(CInt(Math.Round(r, MidpointRounding.AwayFromZero)), _
CInt(Math.Round(g, MidpointRounding.AwayFromZero)), _
CInt(Math.Round(b, MidpointRounding.AwayFromZero)))
End Function
编辑： 该代码看起来与Richard J. Ross III在C中提供的代码非常相似。我追捕了在网上找到的尽可能多的不同算法，重写了很多代码，从每个算法中借用了最好的代码，并进行了广泛的测试以验证结果的准确性。我忽略了我从中借来的代码，因为这只是为了一个私人图书馆。也许VB版本将帮助不想从C进行转换的人。:-)
其他提示
这是我如何执行此操作的版本（在C中，对不起，但不难转换，只需替换 int *'沙 double *与 out 或者 ref ints，不要使用指针语法）
void colorlib_hsbtorgb(double hue, double saturation, double brightness, int *red, int *green, int *blue)
{
if (saturation == 0)
{
*red = *green = *blue = brightness;
}
else
{
// the color wheel consists of 6 sectors. Figure out which sector you're in.
double sectorPos = hue / 60.0;
int sectorNumber = (int)(floor(sectorPos));
// get the fractional part of the sector
double fractionalSector = sectorPos - sectorNumber;
// calculate values for the three axes of the color.
double p = brightness * (1.0 - saturation);
double q = brightness * (1.0 - (saturation * fractionalSector));
double t = brightness * (1.0 - (saturation * (1 - fractionalSector)));
// assign the fractional colors to r, g, and b based on the sector the angle is in.
switch (sectorNumber)
{
case 0:
*red = brightness;
*green = t;
*blue = p;
break;
case 1:
*red = q;
*green = brightness;
*blue = p;
break;
case 2:
*red = p;
*green = brightness;
*blue = t;
break;
case 3:
*red = p;
*green = q;
*blue = brightness;
break;
case 4:
*red = t;
*green = p;
*blue = brightness;
break;
case 5:
*red = brightness;
*green = p;
*blue = q;
break;
}
}
}
RGB到HSB：
void colorlib_rgbtohsb(int red, int green, int blue, double *hue, double *saturation, double *brightness)
{
double dRed = red / 255;
double dGreen = green / 255;
double dBlue = blue / 255;
double max = fmax(dRed, fmax(dGreen, dBlue));
double min = fmin(dRed, fmin(dGreen, dBlue));
double h = 0;
if (max == dRed && dGreen >= dBlue)
{
h = 60 * (dGreen - dBlue) / (max - min);
}
else if (max == dRed && dGreen < dBlue)
{
h = 60 * (dGreen - dBlue) / (max - min) + 360;
}
else if (max == dGreen)
{
h = 60 * (dBlue - dRed) / (max - min) + 120;
}
else if (max == dBlue)
{
h = 60 * (dRed - dGreen) / (max - min) + 240;
}
double s = (max == 0) ? 0.0 : (1.0 - (min / max));
*hue = h;
*saturation = s;
*brightness = max;
}
如果我在C＃中找到我的代码，我将编辑此答案。
使用颜色getbrightness，Gethue和Getaturation方法呢？
如果您使用的是.NET，为什么要重新发明轮子？
Dim c = Color.FromArgb(myRed, myGreen, myBlue)
Dim h = c.GetHue()
Dim s = c.GetSaturation()
Dim b = c.GetBrightness()
使用RGB转换为HSB应该很容易使用 Color 结构体：
Function RGBToHSB(rgb As RGBColor) As HSBColor
Dim c As Color = Color.FromArgb(rgb.Red, rgb.Green, rgb.Blue)
RGBToHSB.Hue = c.GetHue()
RGBToHSB.Saturation = c.GetSaturation()
RGBToHSB.Brightness = c.GetBrightness()
End Function
但是，它不支持反向。
解决方案
您可以简单地计算出亮度组件，因为它是R，G和B的最大值（参考：公式： 罗切斯特理工学院的RGB到HSV）。您可以通过除以255并乘以比例来扩展它。这与您现有代码中所做的相同：
maxRGB = Max(Max(rgb.Red, rgb.Green), rgb.Blue)
b = maxRGB
...
RGBToHSB.Brightness = b * 100 / 255
因此，最后您可以使用内置的.NET函数并计算出亮度。完整代码将是（不包括您的类型）：
Function RGBToHSB(rgb As RGBColor) As HSBColor
Dim maxRGB As Double
maxRGB = Max(Max(rgb.Red, rgb.Green), rgb.Blue)
Dim c As Color = Color.FromArgb(rgb.Red, rgb.Green, rgb.Blue)
RGBToHSB.Hue = c.GetHue()
RGBToHSB.Saturation = c.GetSaturation() * 100
RGBToHSB.Brightness = maxRGB * 100 / 255
End Function
有点关于HSB（与HSV相同）
从 达雷尔·雷克斯·芬利（Darel Rex Finley）:
在HSV（也称为HSB）系统中，颜色的亮度是其V分量。该组件被简单地定义为颜色的三个RGB组件中的任何一个的最大值 - 确定V时忽略了其他两个RGB组件。
根据 Microsoft文档 为了 Color.GetBrightness:
获得色相饱和度（HSB）这种颜色结构的亮度值。
我发现一些参考文献说MSDN在表示HSL时使用HSB 这个来自MSDN博客 （请参阅评论）。快速测试证明这是正确的（在C＃中）：
// Define a color which gives different HSL and HSB value
Color c = Color.FromArgb(255, 0, 0);
// Get the brightness, scale it from 0.0 - 1.0 up to 0 - 255
int bright = (int)(c.GetBrightness() * 255.00);
// Output it
Console.WriteLine(bright.ToString());
这将导致价值 127, ，显然是HSL。如果是HSB，则值应为最大RG和B（即 255).
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