I know that you said you do not necessarily want to do a lot of Java programming, but Jena's general purpose rule engine includes a backward chaining rule reasoner which is a datalog engine. The rule language is fairly simple, and you can extend it using Java if you want. If you write a set of rules, you can provide them to a reasoner, bind the reasoner with an RDF model to produce an inference model, and you could then query that inference model using the Java API, or expose the inference model using a SPARQL endpoint (e.g., with Jena's Fuseki).
If the rules will not be static and fixed ahead of time, you might be able to extend the webabb interface to Fuskei to provide a “rule editing” section wherein you could provide rulesets and run them on the dataset.