You can do this declaratively without resorting to triggers.
CREATE TABLE T
(
SomeId Int PRIMARY KEY,
Item1Weighting Int,
Item2Weighting Int,
Item3Weighting Int,
CONSTRAINT CK_WeightingNotOver100
CHECK ((ISNULL(Item1Weighting,0) +
ISNULL(Item2Weighting,0) +
ISNULL(Item3Weighting,0)) <= 100)
)
Or to add it retrospectively to an existing table
ALTER TABLE T
ADD CONSTRAINT CK_WeightingNotOver100
CHECK ((ISNULL(Item1Weighting,0) +
ISNULL(Item2Weighting,0) +
ISNULL(Item3Weighting,0)) <= 100)