Yes, It can, but via Web technology.
But before dig in deep, I'll say that, C2 is RAD drag-n-drop gamedev tool like GameMaker by YoYoGames, but not an engine. It has It's own runtime and plugin environment but It almost not support code in javascript directly but require to make Event-Sheets for programming game logics (Plugins will be coded with javascript).
As I know, Construct 2 runtime and plugins are based on JavaScript, then first exports the project to web platform or similar thing, and Uses some good wrapper. I don't know deeply about this topic but it would be wrappers...
When you export via the Cordova option, You'll install Intel XDK and import the exported project directory to the Intel XDK, add some settings, and cloud-build.
See this tutorial article for how to export to mobile devices (Android, iOS).
On other platforms, for example C2 uses NW.js for windows, which is node.js + Webkit, and for platforms which support web technology natively (Windows Store, BlackBerry, Tizen, etc...) It might (I don't know in deep about this) export with suited settings for that platform. Quite convenient.
See this tutorial article for how to export to Windows store platform (phone, desktop).