Some work has already been done for typeface.js, a javascript library that replaces regular text with "canvas rendered one" (so you can use arbitrary font-faces).
typeface.js accomplishes this by using font definition data, which essentially holds the drawing instructions for each glyph. The data for the glyph "A" might look like this:
m 253 638 l 379 949 q 394 945 387 946 q 409 944 401 944 q 443 949 428 944
q 565 629 525 733 q 673 359 605 526 q 822 0 740 192 q 773 3 804 0 q 736 7
743 7 q 686 4 709 7 q 650 0 664 1 q 588 199 609 137 q 532 355 567 261 l
370 355 l 210 355 l 159 205 q 127 110 142 161 q 99 0 112 59 l 43 6 q 6 3
20 6 q -14 0 -8 0 q 74 211 29 105 q 155 403 119 317 q 253 638 191 490 m
370 422 l 502 422 l 371 760 l 240 422 l 370 422
(I inserted newlines).
This string is a sequence of drawing operations with their respective numerical parameters. For example "m 253 638" corresponds to "move to x:253 y:638" and "l 379 949" being "draw line to x:379 y:949". etc, etc..
You should have a look at the source here: http://bazaar.launchpad.net/~davidchester/typeface.js/trunk/view/head:/js/typeface.js
You could adapt that renderer to extract your poligons. The major trick here is to let this page do the hard work for you and create the font definitions.