Finally I have found where was a problem.
Project has a database with some information and INDEX column has name "id".
According this tutorial http://code.tutsplus.com/tutorials/android-sdk_content-providers--mobile-5549
A projection is simply a list of columns to use with the adapter. The ListView uses the titles and can provide an id when an item is clicked. For use with an adapter, the id column must be named "_id".
Before to resolve column name problem was implemented this PROJECTION:
public static final String[] DEFAULT_PROJECTION = new String[] {"id _id", FolderProvider.FOLDER_COLUMN_ID,
FolderProvider.FOLDER_COLUMN_NAME};
So ContentProvider and CursorAdapter works correct but some time onItemClick() was discarded.
Renaming "id" to "_id" solve the problem.
Here is good LoaderManager.LoaderCallbacks tutorial http://code.tutsplus.com/tutorials/android-fundamentals-properly-loading-data--mobile-5673