That doesn't make sense. You have 32 bits, they're not signed or unsigned, or even really a number. That's just your interpretation of it.
cmp
, like all ALU operations, sets all the flags (thereby effectively interpreting the number as signed and unsigned at the same time), which includes the carry flag (which is useful when interpreting the numbers as unsigned), the overflow flag (useful when interpreting the numbers as signed), and the sign flag (which is just a copy of the top bit of the result).
-10 and the big unsigned number (which is 4294967286), are not really different things. They're just two ways of looking at the bit pattern FFFFFFF6.