You could set it up so that every time any checkbox of that class is clicked it builds a list containing all of the selected items.
HTML
<input id="only_veggi" type="checkbox" name="ingredients" value="showveggi"> only vegetarian <br>
<input class="time" id="show_15min" type="checkbox" name="time" value="15min" style="margin-left: -59px;"> 15min <br>
<input class="time" id="show_28min" type="checkbox" name="time" value="28min" style="margin-left: -59px;"> 28min <br>
<input class="time" id="show_45min" type="checkbox" name="time" value="45min" style="margin-left: -59px;"> 45min <br>
<input class="time" id="show_60min" type="checkbox" name="time" value="60min" style="margin-left: -59px;"> 60min <br><br>
Javascript
var timeClassLookup = {
show_15min: '.fifteen',
show_28min: '.twentyeight',
show_45min: '.fortyfive',
show_60min: '.sixty'
};
$('.time').click(function() {
var classes = [];
var $checkedBoxes = $('.time:checked');
$checkedBoxes.each(function () {
var checkboxId = $(this).attr('id');
classes.push(timeClassLookup[checkboxId]);
});
$('#content_container').isotope({ filter: classes.join(', ') });
});