It sounds like some part of the application isn't getting transferred properly between the two computers. My guess would be that the executable file (generally AppName.app/Contents/MacOS/AppName) lost its execute permission in the transfer. I Googled that Console error message, and found a couple of cases where missing execute permissions caused that error (1, 2).
I haven't tested, but this might be a result of transferring it via SMB instead of AFP file sharing (SMB version 2 is now the default between Mavericks computers). If I'm right, there are several ways to fix/avoid the problem:
- Add execute access with something like
chmod +x /Applications/AppName.app/Contents/MacOS/AppName
(note: it's possible there are other executables in the the app bundle that'll also need execute added). - Transfer the app with AFP instead of SMB. You can force AFP connections by using the Finder's Go menu > Connect to Server option, and using "AFP://servername.local" to connect.
- Zip the app (using the Finder's File menu > Compress option), transfer the zip archive, then expand it (using the Finder/Archive Utility) on the other computer.