The HTML being generated by Contact Form 7 does not use radio or option tags. It is using input type="radio"
inside a span
instead. As a result, your selector doesn't match any elements. It should be
'span#style-one input[value=' + val + ']'
in context
jQuery(document).ready(function(){
// get contents of hidden input; store in variable
var val = jQuery("span.hiddendefault input").val();
// set the "selected" attribute for option with value equal to variable
jQuery('span#style-one input[value=' + val + ']').attr('checked', 'checked');
});