Sound like you're looking for 'Percent Change'.
((y2 - y1) / y1) = percentage change
((16-10)/10) = 0.6
http://www.percent-change.com/index.php?y1=10&y2=16
A Start: 10dB
A Finish: 16dB
A Delta: 6dB
A Percent Change = 0.6
B Start: 50dB
B Finish: (((A Finish - A Start) / A Start) * B Start) + B Start
(((16-10)/10)*50)+50 = 80
In your example the 50dB should be increased to 80dB.