Looked like you were on the right track, but I think you were taking a few extra steps, so I think I simplified it ;)
One thing you were missing was that the value of NumStudents is returned as a string so you have to call parseInt()
on it.
var theForm = document.forms.EditRoster;
function insertAfter(referenceNode, newNode) {
referenceNode.parentNode.insertBefore(newNode, referenceNode.nextSibling);
}
function CloneElement(cloneID, counterName) {
var clone = document.getElementById(cloneID);
var newClone = clone.cloneNode(true);
var counter = theForm[counterName].value = parseInt(theForm[counterName].value) + 1;
// Update the form ID
newClone.id = newClone.id + counter;
// Update the child Names
var items = newClone.getElementsByTagName("*");
for (var i = 0; i < items.length; i++) {
if (items[i].name != null)
items[i].name = items[i].name + counter;
}
insertAfter(clone, newClone);
}
Here's a working copy on jsFiddle.
P.s. I wasn't sure if you wanted the new fields clearing so I left them.