How can I get the result with decimal number in division? C++, Pi

Question

My school give me an assignment to calculate pi.

The result should be :

Question 4
Accuracy set at : 1000

term               pi
1                  4
100                3.13159
200                3.13659
300                3.13826
400                ...
...                ...

The result in my program :

term               pi
1                  4
100                3
200                3
300                3
400                ...
...                ...

I guess that when I do (4 / denominator), the result will lose the decimal number although I have changed some declarations of data type from int to double. (Some websites tell me to do this.) Maybe I do it wrongly.

How can I deal with this problem?

The following is my program.

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;


class Four
{
private:
    int inputedAccuracy;
    double pi;
    int denominator;
    int doneTermCounter;
    double oneTerm;
    int negativeController;

public:
    double question4()
    {
        cout << "Accuracy set at : " ;
        cin >> inputedAccuracy;
        cout << endl;
        pi = 0.0;
        denominator = 1.0;
        doneTermCounter = 0;

        negativeController = 1;
        cout << "Term" << "            " << "pi" << endl;
        cout << "1  " << "             " << "4" << endl;


        for (inputedAccuracy; inputedAccuracy > 0; inputedAccuracy -= 100)
        {
            for (int doneTerm = 0; doneTerm < 100; doneTerm++)
            {
                pi = pi + (negativeController * 4 / denominator);
                negativeController *= -1;
                denominator += 2;
                doneTermCounter++;
            }
            if (doneTermCounter >= 10000)
                cout << doneTermCounter << "             " << pi << endl;
            else
                if (doneTermCounter >= 1000)
                    cout << doneTermCounter << "            " << pi << endl;
                else
                    cout << doneTermCounter << "             " << pi << endl;
        }
        return 0.0;
    }
};

Thank you for your attention!

Answer 1

pi = pi + (negativeController * 4 / denominator);

The (negativeController * 4 / denominator) expression results in an int because both negativeController and denominator are int. In other words, you're doing an integer division here which explains why you don't get the expected result.

Declare either (or both) of them as double to force a floating-point division.

Answer 2

You should change :-

int denominator; to

double denominator;

See here

Answer 3

pi = pi + (negativeController * 4 / denominator);

In this line, you have an integer division (because both operands of / are of type int), meaning that the fractional part of the division's result is discarded.

To use floating point division, at least one operand/side needs to be of type float or (long) double. The easiest way to achieve this would in this case be a change of 4 (a literal of type int) to 4.0 (a literal of type double):

Then, when calculating the result of *, negativeController will also be converted to double (usual arithmetic conversions), yielding a double as the left-hand side operand of / which in turn causes denominator (the rhs) to also be converted into a double and so on.

Answer 4

I think changing negativeController and denominator to int would do the trick as the sub-expression is being evaluated on integers thus loosing precision.