It turned out that I ran into an installation/configuration problem by adding the iPhoneOS5.1.sdk to Xcode 5. When I upgraded to Xcode 5.0.2, I did not add that SDK again and now I got what I requested: I can set the Base SDK to 7.0 and Deployment Target to 5.1, then I get native L&F on all iOS versions.
I just have to make sure that I don’t use features introduced later than 5.1 without checking for the OS version (Look here for how to check the OS version).