Turns out I can.
<UserControl x:Class="MyControls.TimeSpanSelector"
xmlns:linq="clr-namespace:System.Linq;assembly=System.Core"
...>
<UserControl.Resources>
<ObjectDataProvider x:Key="Hours"
ObjectType="{x:Type linq:Enumerable}"
MethodName="Range">
<ObjectDataProvider.MethodParameters>
<sys:Int32>0</sys:Int32>
<sys:Int32>23</sys:Int32>
</ObjectDataProvider.MethodParameters>
</ObjectDataProvider>
</UserControl.Resources>
...
<Border>
<ComboBox ItemsSource="{Binding Source={StaticResource Hours}}" />
</Border>
...
</UserControl>