You can check the sys.columns
view:
SELECT
name, is_identity
FROM sys.columns
WHERE name = 'YourColumnName' AND object_id = OBJECT_ID('dbo.YourTableName')
If you need the type of the column, you need to join to sys.types
:
SELECT
ColumnName = c.name ,
c.is_identity,
TypeName = ty.name
FROM sys.columns c
INNER JOIN sys.types ty ON ty.system_type_id = c.system_type_id
WHERE name = 'YourColumnName' AND object_id = OBJECT_ID('dbo.YourTableName')