This:
ReduceArg* plhold;
reduce_args_.push_back(plhold);
Unless you've hidden some important code, you're pushing an uninitialised pointer, so the next line will cause chaos.
Possibly you meant this?
ReduceArg* plhold(new ReduceArg);
..but I suspect you haven't properly thought about the object lifetimes and ownership of the object whose address you are storing in the vector.
In general, avoid pointers unless you know exactly what you're doing, and why. The code as posted doesn't need them, and I would recommend you just use something like this:
typedef vector<ReduceArg> ReduceVector;
....
reduce_args_.push_back(ReduceArg());
reduce_args_.back().files_to_reduce.push_back("hello");
for (int i = 0; i < num_reduce_threads_; ++i) {
// create a placeholder reduce argument and store it in our vector
(reduce_args_.push_back(ReduceArg());
}