I do not know about {$config.sys_language_uid}, but your code will output it as plain text. In order to use variables like {GP:L}, you got to dataWrap it or insert "insertData" after the value.
10 = TEXT
10 {
value = logo
typolink {
parameter = 116
additionalParams.dataWrap = &L={GP:L}
}
}
OR (the best way I'd say):
10 = TEXT
10 {
value = logo
typolink {
parameter = 116
additionalParams.cObject = TEXT
additionalParams.cObject {
wrap = &L=|
data = GP:L
}
}
}
Using {TSFE:sys_language_uid} might be a better option if you are querying the database.