I think the example in the docs for that function were missing a single quote. And your colors arg needs to be inside the options
list. Note that the example is showing that you can use color names (e.g., red), and hex codes (e.g., #004411). This works for me:
library(googleVis)
df=data.frame(country=c("US", "GB", "BR"), val1=c(1,3,4), val2=c(23,12,32))
SteppedArea2 <- gvisSteppedAreaChart(df, xvar="country", yvar=c("val1", "val2"),
options=list(isStacked=TRUE, colors="['red','#004411']"))
plot(SteppedArea2)